quark

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See also: Quark

English

Etymology 1

    Coined by American physicist Murray Gell-Mann in 1963. The literary connection to James Joyce's Finnegans Wake was asserted later; see the Quark Wikipedia article.[1]

    Pronunciation

    Noun

    quark (plural quarks)

    1. (physics) In the Standard Model, an elementary subatomic particle that forms matter. They combine to form hadrons, such as protons and neutrons.
      Synonym: (obsolete) ace
      • 2012 March-April, Jeremy Bernstein, “A Palette of Particles”, in American Scientist‎, volume 100, number 2, page 146:
        There were also particles no one had predicted that just appeared. Five of them […, i]n order of increasing modernity, […] are the neutrino, the pi meson, the antiproton, the quark and the Higgs boson.
    2. (computing, X Window System) An integer that uniquely identifies a text string.
      • 2012, Keith D. Gregory, Programming with Motif, page 453:
        Two functions are provided to convert between strings and quarks: XrmStringToQuark and XrmQuarkToString […]
    3. (slang, X Window System) A Nonsense, trivial text string.
    Hyponyms
    Derived terms
    Translations
    See also

    Etymology 2

    German quark.

    Borrowed from German Quark, from late Middle High German twarc, from a West Slavic language (compare Polish twaróg), from Proto-Slavic *tvarogъ.

    Doublet of tvorog.

    Noun

    quark (uncountable)

    1. A soft creamy cheese, eaten throughout northern, central, eastern, and southeastern Europe as well as the Low Countries, very similar to cottage cheese except that it is usually not made with rennet.
    Translations
    See also

    Etymology 3

    Onomatopoeic, from the sound of the squawk.

    Noun

    quark (plural quarks)

    1. (Falkland Islands, informal) The black-crowned night heron, Nycticorax nycticorax.

    Further reading

    References

    1. ^ James Gleick (1993) Genius: Richard Feynman and Modern Physics:
      Gell-Mann won the linguistic battle once again: his choice, a croaking nonsense word, was "quark". (After the fact, he was able to tack on a literary antecedent when he found the phrase "Three quarks for Muster Mark" in Finnegans Wake, but the physicists quark was pronounced from the beginning to rhyme with "cork".)

    Basque

    Etymology

    From English quark.

    Pronunciation

    Noun

    quark inan

    1. (physics) quark

    Declension

    Declension of quark (inanimate, ending in consonant)
    indefinite singular plural
    absolutive quark quarka quarkak
    ergative quarkek quarkak quarkek
    dative quarki quarkari quarkei
    genitive quarken quarkaren quarken
    comitative quarkekin quarkarekin quarkekin
    causative quarkengatik quarkarengatik quarkengatik
    benefactive quarkentzat quarkarentzat quarkentzat
    instrumental quarkez quarkaz quarkez
    inessive quarketan quarkean quarketan
    locative quarketako quarkeko quarketako
    allative quarketara quarkera quarketara
    terminative quarketaraino quarkeraino quarketaraino
    directive quarketarantz quarkerantz quarketarantz
    destinative quarketarako quarkerako quarketarako
    ablative quarketatik quarketik quarketatik
    partitive quarkik — —
    prolative quarktzat — —

    Further reading

    Catalan

    Etymology

    Borrowed from English quark.

    Noun

    quark m (plural quarks)

    1. (physics) quark

    Dutch

    Dutch Wikipedia has an article on:
    Wikipedia nl

    Etymology

    Borrowed from English quark.

    Pronunciation

    Noun

    quark m (plural quarks)

    1. (physics) quark

    French

    Etymology

    Borrowed from English quark.

    Pronunciation

    Noun

    quark m (plural quarks)

    1. (physics) quark

    Galician

    Etymology

    Borrowed from English quark.

    Noun

    quark m (plural quarks)

    1. (physics) quark

    Italian

    Etymology

    Unadapted borrowing from English quark.

    Pronunciation

    • IPA(key): /ˈkwark/
    • Rhymes: -ark
    • Hyphenation: quàrk

    Noun

    quark m (invariable)

    1. (physics) quark

    Derived terms

    Further reading

    • quark in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana

    Portuguese

    Pronunciation

     

    Etymology 1

    Unadapted borrowing from English quark.[1][2]

    Noun

    quark m (plural quarks)

    1. (physics) quark (an elementary subatomic particle which forms matter)

    Etymology 2

    Unadapted borrowing from German Quark.[1]

    Noun

    quark m (plural quarks)

    1. quark (soft creamy cheese)

    References

    1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 “quark”, in Dicionário infopédia da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Porto: Porto Editora, 2003–2025
    2. ^ “quark”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2025

    Spanish

    Alternative forms

    Etymology

    Unadapted borrowing from English quark.

    Pronunciation

    • IPA(key): /ˈkwaɾk/
    • Rhymes: -aɾk
    • Syllabification: quark

    Noun

    quark m (plural quarks)

    1. quark
      Hypernyms: fermión, partícula elemental

    Usage notes

    According to Royal Spanish Academy (RAE) prescriptions, unadapted foreign words should be written in italics in a text printed in roman type, and vice versa, and in quotation marks in a manuscript text or when italics are not available. In practice, this RAE prescription is not always followed.

    Hyponyms

    See also

    Further reading

    Wikious
    Boobota
    Sagapedia