quiesco

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Latin

Etymology

From quiēs (“rest, repose; quiet”) +‎ -scō.

Pronunciation

Aulus Gellius (Noctes Atticae, c. 177) reports that in the usual pronunciation of his time, the "e" was short; a friend of his justified this pronunciation by appeal to common usage when challenged by another friend who argued that it should be long by analogy with the long ē in calescit, nitescit, stupescit and in quiēs. On the other hand, there is inscriptional evidence of long "e" in this word in the form of inscriptions which mark it with an apex (CIL VI.6250 and 25521.)[1]

Verb

quiēscō (present infinitive quiēscere, perfect active quiēvī, supine quiētum); third conjugation, no passive

  1. to rest, sleep, repose
    Synonyms: cessō, dormiō, conquiēscō, requiēscō, acquiēscō
  2. to cause to cease, stop, render quiet
  3. (especially of inanimate objects) to be still or quiet, lie still
  4. to remain neutral, abstain from action, keep quiet, stand by
  5. (in speech) to make a pause
  6. (figuratively) to suffer or allow quietly; permit
    Synonym: cōnīveō
  7. (figuratively) to cease, leave off or desist from something
    Synonyms: cessō, subsistō, dēsistō, remittō, dēsinō, sistō, conticēscō, trānseō
    Antonyms: coepiō, incohō, incipiō

Conjugation

   Conjugation of quiēscō (third conjugation, active only)
indicative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present quiēscō quiēscis quiēscit quiēscimus quiēscitis quiēscunt
imperfect quiēscēbam quiēscēbās quiēscēbat quiēscēbāmus quiēscēbātis quiēscēbant
future quiēscam quiēscēs quiēscet quiēscēmus quiēscētis quiēscent
perfect quiēvī quiēvistī,
quiēstī1 		quiēvit,
quiēt1 		quiēvimus,
quiēmus1 		quiēvistis,
quiēstis1 		quiēvērunt,
quiēvēre,
quiērunt1
pluperfect quiēveram,
quiēram1 		quiēverās,
quiērās1 		quiēverat,
quiērat1 		quiēverāmus,
quiērāmus1 		quiēverātis,
quiērātis1 		quiēverant,
quiērant1
future perfect quiēverō,
quiērō1 		quiēveris,
quiēris1 		quiēverit,
quiērit1 		quiēverimus,
quiērimus1 		quiēveritis,
quiēritis1 		quiēverint,
quiērint1
subjunctive singular plural
first second third first second third
active present quiēscam quiēscās quiēscat quiēscāmus quiēscātis quiēscant
imperfect quiēscerem quiēscerēs quiēsceret quiēscerēmus quiēscerētis quiēscerent
perfect quiēverim,
quiērim1 		quiēverīs,
quiērīs1 		quiēverit,
quiērit1 		quiēverīmus,
quiērīmus1 		quiēverītis,
quiērītis1 		quiēverint,
quiērint1
pluperfect quiēvissem,
quiēssem1 		quiēvissēs,
quiēssēs1 		quiēvisset,
quiēsset1 		quiēvissēmus,
quiēssēmus1 		quiēvissētis,
quiēssētis1 		quiēvissent,
quiēssent1
imperative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present — quiēsce — — quiēscite —
future — quiēscitō quiēscitō — quiēscitōte quiēscuntō
non-finite forms active passive
present perfect future present perfect future
infinitives quiēscere quiēvisse,
quiēsse1 		quiētūrum esse — — —
participles quiēscēns — quiētūrus — — —
verbal nouns gerund supine
genitive dative accusative ablative accusative ablative
quiēscendī quiēscendō quiēscendum quiēscendō quiētum quiētū

1At least one rare poetic syncopated perfect form is attested.

Derived terms

Descendants

  • Franco-Provençal: queissier
  • Romansch: quescher ("be silent")[2]
  • Sicilian: quèscere (“satisfy the body”, Manduriano dialect)[3]
  • → English: quiesce, quiescent

References

  1. ^ Gellius, Attic Nights, Book VII. Translated by J. C. Rolfe. First published with notes in Vol. II of the Loeb Classical Library edition, 1927. Republished online at LacusCurtius by Bill Thayer. Note 51.
  2. ^ Dworkin, Steven N. 2016. Lexical stability and shared lexicon. In Ledgeway, Adam & Maiden, Martin (eds.), The Oxford guide to the Romance languages, 577–587. Oxford University Press.
  3. ^ Rohlfs, Gerard (1966) Grammatica storica della lingua italiana e dei suoi dialetti, volume I (Fonetica), Turin: Einaudi, page 221: “Davanti a vocale palatale, invece, l’antico suono è rimasto conservato soltanto in casi del tutto sporadici: cfr. nella Valsesia piemontese ku̯è < quid [...]; nel salentino (Manduria) quèscere ‘saziare il corpo’ (quiescere).”
  • “quiesco”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “quiesco”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • quiesco in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
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