réfrigérer

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See also: refrigerer

French

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin refrigerāre.

Pronunciation

  • Audio:(file)

Verb

réfrigérer

  1. to cool; cool down (artificially)

Conjugation

This verb is conjugated like céder. It is a regular -er verb, except that its last stem vowel alternates between /e/ (written 'é') and /ɛ/ (written 'è'), with the latter being used before mute 'e'. One special case is the future stem, used in the future and the conditional. Before 1990, the future stem of such verbs was written réfrigérer-, reflecting the historic pronunciation /e/. In 1990, the French Academy recommended that it be written réfrigèrer-, reflecting the now common pronunciation /ɛ/, thereby making this distinction consistent throughout the conjugation (and also matching in this regard the conjugations of verbs like lever and jeter). Both spellings are in use today, and both are therefore given here.

Conjugation of réfrigérer (see also Appendix:French verbs)
infinitive simple réfrigérer
compound avoir + past participle
present participle or gerund1 simple réfrigérant
/ʁe.fʁi.ʒe.ʁɑ̃/
compound ayant + past participle
past participle réfrigéré
/ʁe.fʁi.ʒe.ʁe/
singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative je (j’) tu il, elle, on nous vous ils, elles
(simple
tenses) 		present réfrigère
/ʁe.fʁi.ʒɛʁ/ 		réfrigères
/ʁe.fʁi.ʒɛʁ/ 		réfrigère
/ʁe.fʁi.ʒɛʁ/ 		réfrigérons
/ʁe.fʁi.ʒe.ʁɔ̃/ 		réfrigérez
/ʁe.fʁi.ʒe.ʁe/ 		réfrigèrent
/ʁe.fʁi.ʒɛʁ/
imperfect réfrigérais
/ʁe.fʁi.ʒe.ʁɛ/ 		réfrigérais
/ʁe.fʁi.ʒe.ʁɛ/ 		réfrigérait
/ʁe.fʁi.ʒe.ʁɛ/ 		réfrigérions
/ʁe.fʁi.ʒe.ʁjɔ̃/ 		réfrigériez
/ʁe.fʁi.ʒe.ʁje/ 		réfrigéraient
/ʁe.fʁi.ʒe.ʁɛ/
past historic2 réfrigérai
/ʁe.fʁi.ʒe.ʁe/ 		réfrigéras
/ʁe.fʁi.ʒe.ʁa/ 		réfrigéra
/ʁe.fʁi.ʒe.ʁa/ 		réfrigérâmes
/ʁe.fʁi.ʒe.ʁam/ 		réfrigérâtes
/ʁe.fʁi.ʒe.ʁat/ 		réfrigérèrent
/ʁe.fʁi.ʒe.ʁɛʁ/
future réfrigèrerai or réfrigérerai
/ʁe.fʁi.ʒɛ.ʁə.ʁe/ or /ʁe.fʁi.ʒe.ʁə.ʁe/ 		réfrigèreras or réfrigéreras
/ʁe.fʁi.ʒɛ.ʁə.ʁa/ or /ʁe.fʁi.ʒe.ʁə.ʁa/ 		réfrigèrera or réfrigérera
/ʁe.fʁi.ʒɛ.ʁə.ʁa/ or /ʁe.fʁi.ʒe.ʁə.ʁa/ 		réfrigèrerons or réfrigérerons
/ʁe.fʁi.ʒɛ.ʁə.ʁɔ̃/ or /ʁe.fʁi.ʒe.ʁə.ʁɔ̃/ 		réfrigèrerez or réfrigérerez
/ʁe.fʁi.ʒɛ.ʁə.ʁe/ or /ʁe.fʁi.ʒe.ʁə.ʁe/ 		réfrigèreront or réfrigéreront
/ʁe.fʁi.ʒɛ.ʁə.ʁɔ̃/ or /ʁe.fʁi.ʒe.ʁə.ʁɔ̃/
conditional réfrigèrerais or réfrigérerais
/ʁe.fʁi.ʒɛ.ʁə.ʁɛ/ or /ʁe.fʁi.ʒe.ʁə.ʁɛ/ 		réfrigèrerais or réfrigérerais
/ʁe.fʁi.ʒɛ.ʁə.ʁɛ/ or /ʁe.fʁi.ʒe.ʁə.ʁɛ/ 		réfrigèrerait or réfrigérerait
/ʁe.fʁi.ʒɛ.ʁə.ʁɛ/ or /ʁe.fʁi.ʒe.ʁə.ʁɛ/ 		réfrigèrerions or réfrigérerions
/ʁe.fʁi.ʒɛ.ʁə.ʁjɔ̃/ or /ʁe.fʁi.ʒe.ʁə.ʁjɔ̃/ 		réfrigèreriez or réfrigéreriez
/ʁe.fʁi.ʒɛ.ʁə.ʁje/ or /ʁe.fʁi.ʒe.ʁə.ʁje/ 		réfrigèreraient or réfrigéreraient
/ʁe.fʁi.ʒɛ.ʁə.ʁɛ/ or /ʁe.fʁi.ʒe.ʁə.ʁɛ/
(compound
tenses) 		present perfect present indicative of avoir + past participle
pluperfect imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
past anterior2 past historic of avoir + past participle
future perfect future of avoir + past participle
conditional perfect conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive que je (j’) que tu qu’il, qu’elle que nous que vous qu’ils, qu’elles
(simple
tenses) 		present réfrigère
/ʁe.fʁi.ʒɛʁ/ 		réfrigères
/ʁe.fʁi.ʒɛʁ/ 		réfrigère
/ʁe.fʁi.ʒɛʁ/ 		réfrigérions
/ʁe.fʁi.ʒe.ʁjɔ̃/ 		réfrigériez
/ʁe.fʁi.ʒe.ʁje/ 		réfrigèrent
/ʁe.fʁi.ʒɛʁ/
imperfect2 réfrigérasse
/ʁe.fʁi.ʒe.ʁas/ 		réfrigérasses
/ʁe.fʁi.ʒe.ʁas/ 		réfrigérât
/ʁe.fʁi.ʒe.ʁa/ 		réfrigérassions
/ʁe.fʁi.ʒe.ʁa.sjɔ̃/ 		réfrigérassiez
/ʁe.fʁi.ʒe.ʁa.sje/ 		réfrigérassent
/ʁe.fʁi.ʒe.ʁas/
(compound
tenses) 		past present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
pluperfect2 imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative – tu – nous vous –
simple — réfrigère
/ʁe.fʁi.ʒɛʁ/ 		— réfrigérons
/ʁe.fʁi.ʒe.ʁɔ̃/ 		réfrigérez
/ʁe.fʁi.ʒe.ʁe/ 		—
compound — simple imperative of avoir + past participle — simple imperative of avoir + past participle simple imperative of avoir + past participle —
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en.
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
  • past historic → present perfect
  • past anterior → pluperfect
  • imperfect subjunctive → present subjunctive
  • pluperfect subjunctive → past subjunctive

(Christopher Kendris , Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81).

Descendants

  • → Romanian: refrigera

See also

Further reading

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