From the noun raj (“swarm, flock”) + -ong (frequentative verb-forming suffix). Calque of German schwärmen (“to swarm, to gush, to enthuse”), from Schwarm (“swarm”). Created during the Hungarian language reform, which took place in the 18th–19th centuries.[1]
rajong
| Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | rajongok | rajongasz | rajong | rajongunk | rajongotok or rajongtok |
rajonganak | |
| Def. | intransitive verb, definite forms are not used | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indef. | rajongtam | rajongtál | rajongott | rajongtunk | rajongtatok | rajongtak | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Future | Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. rajongani fog. | ||||||||
| Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | rajongék | rajongál | rajonga | rajongánk | rajongátok | rajongának | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. rajong vala, rajongott vala/volt. | ||||||||
| Archaic Future |
Indef. | rajongandok | rajongandasz | rajongand | rajongandunk | rajongandotok | rajongandanak | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | rajonganék | rajonganál | rajongana | rajonganánk | rajonganátok | rajonganának | |
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. rajongott volna | ||||||||
| Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | rajongjak | rajongj or rajongjál |
rajongjon | rajongjunk | rajongjatok | rajongjanak | |
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| (Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. rajongott légyen | ||||||||
| Infinitive | rajongani | rajonganom | rajonganod | rajongania | rajonganunk | rajonganotok | rajonganiuk | ||
| Other forms |
Verbal noun | Present part. | Past part. | Future part. | Adverbial participle | Causative | |||
| rajongás | rajongó | rajongott | ― | rajongva (rajongván) | |||||
| Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | rajonghatok | rajonghatsz | rajonghat | rajonghatunk | rajonghattok | rajonghatnak | |
| Def. | intransitive verb, definite forms are not used | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indef. | rajonghattam | rajonghattál | rajonghatott | rajonghattunk | rajonghattatok | rajonghattak | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | rajonghaték | rajonghatál | rajonghata | rajonghatánk | rajonghatátok | rajonghatának | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala, e.g. rajonghat vala, rajonghatott vala/volt. | ||||||||
| Archaic Future |
Indef. | rajonghatandok or rajongandhatok |
rajonghatandasz or rajongandhatsz |
rajonghatand or rajongandhat |
rajonghatandunk or rajongandhatunk |
rajonghatandotok or rajongandhattok |
rajonghatandanak or rajongandhatnak | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | rajonghatnék | rajonghatnál | rajonghatna | rajonghatnánk | rajonghatnátok | rajonghatnának | |
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. rajonghatott volna | ||||||||
| Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | rajonghassak | rajonghass or rajonghassál |
rajonghasson | rajonghassunk | rajonghassatok | rajonghassanak | |
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| (Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. rajonghatott légyen | ||||||||
| Inf. | (rajonghatni) | (rajonghatnom) | (rajonghatnod) | (rajonghatnia) | (rajonghatnunk) | (rajonghatnotok) | (rajonghatniuk) | ||
| Positive adjective | ― | Neg. adj. | ― | Adv. part. | (rajonghatva / rajonghatván) | ||||
or
| Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | rajongok | rajongsz | rajong | rajongunk | rajongtok | rajongnak | |
| Def. | intransitive verb, definite forms are not used | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indef. | rajongtam | rajongtál | rajongott | rajongtunk | rajongtatok | rajongtak | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Future | Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. rajongni fog. | ||||||||
| Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | rajongék | rajongál | rajonga | rajongánk | rajongátok | rajongának | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. rajong vala, rajongott vala/volt. | ||||||||
| Archaic Future |
Indef. | rajongandok | rajongandasz | rajongand | rajongandunk | rajongandotok | rajongandanak | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | rajongnék | rajongnál | rajongna | rajongnánk | rajongnátok | rajongnának | |
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. rajongott volna | ||||||||
| Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | rajongjak | rajongj or rajongjál |
rajongjon | rajongjunk | rajongjatok | rajongjanak | |
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| (Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. rajongott légyen | ||||||||
| Infinitive | rajongni | rajongnom | rajongnod | rajongnia | rajongnunk | rajongnotok | rajongniuk | ||
| Other forms |
Verbal noun | Present part. | Past part. | Future part. | Adverbial participle | Causative | |||
| rajongás | rajongó | rajongott | ― | rajongva (rajongván) | |||||
| Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | rajonghatok | rajonghatsz | rajonghat | rajonghatunk | rajonghattok | rajonghatnak | |
| Def. | intransitive verb, definite forms are not used | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indef. | rajonghattam | rajonghattál | rajonghatott | rajonghattunk | rajonghattatok | rajonghattak | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | rajonghaték | rajonghatál | rajonghata | rajonghatánk | rajonghatátok | rajonghatának | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala, e.g. rajonghat vala, rajonghatott vala/volt. | ||||||||
| Archaic Future |
Indef. | rajonghatandok or rajongandhatok |
rajonghatandasz or rajongandhatsz |
rajonghatand or rajongandhat |
rajonghatandunk or rajongandhatunk |
rajonghatandotok or rajongandhattok |
rajonghatandanak or rajongandhatnak | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | rajonghatnék | rajonghatnál | rajonghatna | rajonghatnánk | rajonghatnátok | rajonghatnának | |
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. rajonghatott volna | ||||||||
| Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | rajonghassak | rajonghass or rajonghassál |
rajonghasson | rajonghassunk | rajonghassatok | rajonghassanak | |
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| (Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. rajonghatott légyen | ||||||||
| Inf. | (rajonghatni) | (rajonghatnom) | (rajonghatnod) | (rajonghatnia) | (rajonghatnunk) | (rajonghatnotok) | (rajonghatniuk) | ||
| Positive adjective | ― | Neg. adj. | ― | Adv. part. | (rajonghatva / rajonghatván) | ||||
(With verbal prefixes):