rast

Albanian

Etymology

From Ottoman Turkish.

Noun

rast m (plural raste, definite rasti, definite plural rastet)

1. chance

   Synonyms: shans, mundësi, fat

2. occasion

Declension

German

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʁaːst/

Verb

rast

1. inflection of rasen:
   1. second/third-person singular present
   2. second-person plural present
   3. plural imperative

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʁast/

Verb

rast

1. singular imperative of rasten
2. (colloquial) first-person singular present of rasten

Latvian

Etymology

This word is the reflex of two different Proto-Indo-European forms: *wer-d-, *wr-ed- (“to bend, to sway”) and *werdʰ-, *wr-edʰ-, *h₃erdʰ- (“to grow; high”), both from the stem *wer- (“to bend, to turn”). Both forms yielded Proto-Baltic *red-, *rad-, from which *rad-ti > *rasti > rast. The present tense form was derived with an extra n: *randuo > *ruodu > rodu; cf. dialectal variants ronu, romu. From the meaning “to bend, to sway” came “to raise, to obtain (by bending down to get it)” > “to obtain, to get, to find.” From the meaning “to grow” came not only the meanings of the Lithuanian reflexive form, but also those of Latvian related forms like raža (“harvest”), rasma (“fecundity”), radīt (“to create”), radi (“relatives”) and the 18th-century adjective rastīgs (“fertile, successful”). This semantic diversity also explains the divergent meanings of the derived prefixed verbs (atrast (“to find; to lose a habit, a skill”), ierast parast, pierast (“to get used to”), etc.). Cognates include Lithuanian ràsti (“to find, to obain by searching; to notice; to determine, to establish; to happen, to be”), reflexive ràstis (“to grow quickly, strongly; to give birth; to rise, to get up; to become; to happen; to come, to arrive; to get somewhere”); from *werd- (“to bend, to sway”), also Gothic 𐍅𐍂𐌰𐍄𐍉 (wratō, “to go, to travel”), Icelandic rata (“to travel, to find one's way”), Middle High German razzeln (“to turn”); from *werdʰ (“to grow”), Old Church Slavonic расти (rasti, “to grow”), Russian расти́ (rastí), Polish róść, Sanskrit वर्धति (várdhati), वृधति (vr̥dháti, “to grow, to increase”), Ancient Greek ὀρθός (orthós, “straight, upright”) (and perhaps also, from a possible variant form *Herdʰ, *Hredʰ-, Latin arduus (“lofty, high”), arbor (“tree”)).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):

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Verb

rast (transitive, 1st conjugation, present rodu, rodi, rod, past radu)

1. to find (to cause by searching that something (desirable, necessary) be present, in use, or in one's possession)

   rast jaunu dzimteni ― to find a new homeland

   nerast nekur mieru ― to not find peace anywhere

   rast kopīgu valodu ― to find a common language (= to communicate)

   mīļa, mīļa tēva sēta, kur mīļaku vietu rast! ― dear, dear father's (= home) ranch, where to find a favorite place!

2. to find (to discover via research)

   institūta laboratorijās rastas jaunas sveķu izmantošanas iespējas ― in the laboratories of the institute new possibilities of use for resin (were) found

3. to find (to choose, e.g., the right word, in one's thoughts)

   kā lai vārdus rod? ― how does one find the (right) words?

4. to find, to receive (e.g., help, understanding, from others)

   kur rast atbalstu? draugos? ― where to find support? with (lit. in) friends?

   viņš rod ierosmi dabā ― he finds inspiration in nature

   viņa gribētu rast apstiprinājumu ― she would like to find approval

5. to find, to start (e.g., a state, a situation, a relationship)

   rast draudzību ― to find friendship

   komponista sirsnība un vienkāršība palīdzēja rast ciešu kontaktu ar publiku ― the composer's sincerity and simplicity helped him find, achieve chose contact with the audience

6. to find (to be such that a certain mental state is caused)

   rast spēkus, mierinājumu, prieku ― to find strength, comfort, joy

   rast prieku darbā ― to find joy in work

   cik sevi vēros, vairāk sāpes radu ― the more I observe myself, the more I find pain

7. (in the past active participle form radis) accustomed, used to

   viņš nebija radis daudz domāt, tāpēc jutās noguris ― he wasn't used to thinking a lot, so he felt tired

   meitene pie grūta darba nav radusi ― the girl wasn't used to hard work

8. (rare, in the past passive participle form rasts) usual, well-known

   uz ciemu īstenībā ved ne viens vien ceļš, bet tā ir rasts un iegājies, ka tos citus vairs neizmanto ― in fact more than one road leads to the village, but it is well known tradition that the others are no longer used

Conjugation

Derived terms

prefixed verbs:

other derived terms:

• rasties
• (dated term) rastīgs

Related terms

• radīt
• radi, radinieks
• rasma, rasmīgs
• raža, ražens, ražīgs

References

Northern Kurdish

Etymology

From Proto-Iranian *Hraštáh, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hraštás, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃reǵtós (“having moved in a straight line”), from *h₃reǵ- (“to straighten, direct”). Cognate with English right.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /rɑːst/

Adjective

rast

1. straight
2. right, correct
3. right (dexter, opposite of left)
4. true, right
5. erect
6. direct

Norwegian Bokmål

Verb

rast

1. past participle of rase

Romanian

Etymology

Borrowed from Old Church Slavonic растъ (rastŭ).

Noun

rast n (uncountable)

1. spleen inflammation

Declension

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *orstъ.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /râːst/

Noun

rȃst m (Cyrillic spelling ра̑ст)

1. (uncountable) growth
2. (uncountable) height

Declension

Related terms

• rȃsti

References

• “rast” in Hrvatski jezični portal

Slovene

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *orstъ.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ráːst/

Noun

rȃst f

1. growth

Inflection

The diacritics used in this section of the entry are non-tonal. If you are a native tonal speaker, please help by adding the tonal marks.

Related terms

• rásti

Further reading

• “rast”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran

Swedish

Etymology

From Old Norse rǫst, from Proto-Germanic *rastō, *rastijō (“rest”), from Proto-Indo-European *ros-, *res-, *erH- (“rest”).

Noun

rast c

1. (countable or uncountable) a break (rest or pause, usually from work)

   Nu tar vi rast

   Let's take a break

2. (countable or uncountable) recess, break, breaktime (between classes in school)

   Hur lång är rasten?

   How long is recess?

Declension

Related terms

• rasta
• rastgård
• skolrast

See also

• lov (longer break, like summer break)

References

• rast in Svensk ordbok (SO)
• rast in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
• rast in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)

Anagrams

• arts, astr., tars, tsar

Tat

Etymology

Cognate with Persian راست (rāst).

Adjective

rast

1. right (dexter)

Turkish

Etymology

From Persian راست.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɾɑst/
• Rhymes: -ɑst

Noun

rast (definite accusative rastı, plural rastlar)

1. (dated) coincidence

   Synonyms: rastlantı, tesadüf

2. (dated) the act of hitting a target

Declension

See also