refraindre

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Old French

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Vulgar Latin *refrangere, from Latin refringere, present active infinitive of refringō.

Verb

refraindre

  1. (transitive) to hold back, to restrain
  2. (reflexive, se refraindre) to restrain oneself, to refrain

Conjugation

This verb conjugates as a third-group verb. This verb ends in a palatal stem, so there is an extra i before the e of some endings. This verb has irregularities in its conjugation. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.

    Conjugation of refraindre (see also Appendix:Old French verbs)
simple compound
infinitive refraindre avoir refraint
gerund en refraignant gerund of avoir + past participle
present participle refraignant
past participle refraint
person singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative jo tu il nos vos il
simple
tenses 		present refraing refrainz refraint refraignons refraigniez refraignent
imperfect refraignoie, refraigneie refraignoies, refraigneies refraignoit, refraigneit refraigniiens, refraigniens refraigniiez, refraigniez refraignoient, refraigneient
preterite refrains refrainsis refrainst refrainsimes refrainsistes refrainstrent
future refraindrai refraindras refraindra refraindrons refraindroiz, refraindreiz, refraindrez refraindront
conditional refraindroie, refraindreie refraindroies, refraindreies refraindroit, refraindreit refraindriiens, refraindriens refraindriiez, refraindriez refraindroient, refraindreient
compound
tenses 		present perfect present tense of avoir + past participle
pluperfect imperfect tense of avoir + past participle
past anterior preterite tense of avoir + past participle
future perfect future tense of avoir + past participle
conditional perfect conditional tense of avoir + past participle
subjunctive que jo que tu qu’il que nos que vos qu’il
simple
tenses 		present refraigne refraignes refraigne refraigniens, refraignons refraigniez refraignent
imperfect refrainsisse refrainsisses refrainsist refrainsissons, refrainsissiens refrainsissoiz, refrainsissez, refrainsissiez refrainsissent
compound
tenses 		past present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
pluperfect imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative – tu – nos vos –
— refraing — refraignons refraigniez —

Descendants

  • → English: refrain
  • French: refrain
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