refrendar

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Spanish

Etymology

From refrendo +‎ -ar.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /refɾenˈdaɾ/
  • Rhymes: -aɾ
  • Syllabification: re‧fren‧dar

Verb

refrendar (first-person singular present refrendo, first-person singular preterite refrendé, past participle refrendado)

  1. (transitive) to endorse

Conjugation

    Conjugation of refrendar (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)
infinitive refrendar
gerund refrendando
past participle masculine feminine
singular refrendado refrendada
plural refrendados refrendadas
singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
indicative yo tú
vos 		él/ella/ello
usted 		nosotros
nosotras 		vosotros
vosotras 		ellos/ellas
ustedes
present refrendo refrendastú
refrendásvos 		refrenda refrendamos refrendáis refrendan
imperfect refrendaba refrendabas refrendaba refrendábamos refrendabais refrendaban
preterite refrendé refrendaste refrendó refrendamos refrendasteis refrendaron
future refrendaré refrendarás refrendará refrendaremos refrendaréis refrendarán
conditional refrendaría refrendarías refrendaría refrendaríamos refrendaríais refrendarían
subjunctive yo tú
vos 		él/ella/ello
usted 		nosotros
nosotras 		vosotros
vosotras 		ellos/ellas
ustedes
present refrende refrendestú
refrendésvos2 		refrende refrendemos refrendéis refrenden
imperfect
(ra) 		refrendara refrendaras refrendara refrendáramos refrendarais refrendaran
imperfect
(se) 		refrendase refrendases refrendase refrendásemos refrendaseis refrendasen
future1 refrendare refrendares refrendare refrendáremos refrendareis refrendaren
imperative — tú
vos 		usted nosotros
nosotras 		vosotros
vosotras 		ustedes
affirmative refrendatú
refrendávos 		refrende refrendemos refrendad refrenden
negative no refrendes no refrende no refrendemos no refrendéis no refrenden

1Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
2Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.

    Selected combined forms of refrendar

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
with infinitive refrendar dative refrendarme refrendarte refrendarle, refrendarse refrendarnos refrendaros refrendarles, refrendarse
accusative refrendarme refrendarte refrendarlo, refrendarla, refrendarse refrendarnos refrendaros refrendarlos, refrendarlas, refrendarse
with gerund refrendando dative refrendándome refrendándote refrendándole, refrendándose refrendándonos refrendándoos refrendándoles, refrendándose
accusative refrendándome refrendándote refrendándolo, refrendándola, refrendándose refrendándonos refrendándoos refrendándolos, refrendándolas, refrendándose
with informal second-person singular tú imperative refrenda dative refréndame refréndate refréndale refréndanos not used refréndales
accusative refréndame refréndate refréndalo, refréndala refréndanos not used refréndalos, refréndalas
with informal second-person singular vos imperative refrendá dative refrendame refrendate refrendale refrendanos not used refrendales
accusative refrendame refrendate refrendalo, refrendala refrendanos not used refrendalos, refrendalas
with formal second-person singular imperative refrende dative refréndeme not used refréndele, refréndese refréndenos not used refréndeles
accusative refréndeme not used refréndelo, refréndela, refréndese refréndenos not used refréndelos, refréndelas
with first-person plural imperative refrendemos dative not used refrendémoste refrendémosle refrendémonos refrendémoos refrendémosles
accusative not used refrendémoste refrendémoslo, refrendémosla refrendémonos refrendémoos refrendémoslos, refrendémoslas
with informal second-person plural imperative refrendad dative refrendadme not used refrendadle refrendadnos refrendaos refrendadles
accusative refrendadme not used refrendadlo, refrendadla refrendadnos refrendaos refrendadlos, refrendadlas
with formal second-person plural imperative refrenden dative refréndenme not used refréndenle refréndennos not used refréndenles, refréndense
accusative refréndenme not used refréndenlo, refréndenla refréndennos not used refréndenlos, refréndenlas, refréndense

Derived terms

Further reading

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