restreindre

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French

Etymology

Inherited from Middle French rétraindre, from Old French restreindre, restraindre, borrowed from Latin restringere, and adapted in conjugation to étreindre (Old French estreindre).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ʁɛs.tʁɛ̃dʁ/
  • Audio:(file)

Verb

restreindre

  1. to restrict, to limit
  2. to restrain

Conjugation

This verb is conjugated like peindre. It uses the same endings as rendre or vendre, but its -nd- becomes -gn- before a vowel, and its past participle ends in 't' instead of a vowel.

Conjugation of restreindre (see also Appendix:French verbs)
infinitive simple restreindre
compound avoir + past participle
present participle or gerund1 simple restreignant
/ʁɛs.tʁɛ.ɲɑ̃/ or /ʁɛs.tʁe.ɲɑ̃/
compound ayant + past participle
past participle restreint
/ʁɛs.tʁɛ̃/
singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative je (j’) tu il, elle, on nous vous ils, elles
(simple
tenses) 		present restreins
/ʁɛs.tʁɛ̃/ 		restreins
/ʁɛs.tʁɛ̃/ 		restreint
/ʁɛs.tʁɛ̃/ 		restreignons
/ʁɛs.tʁɛ.ɲɔ̃/ or /ʁɛs.tʁe.ɲɔ̃/ 		restreignez
/ʁɛs.tʁɛ.ɲe/ or /ʁɛs.tʁe.ɲe/ 		restreignent
/ʁɛs.tʁɛɲ/
imperfect restreignais
/ʁɛs.tʁɛ.ɲɛ/ or /ʁɛs.tʁe.ɲɛ/ 		restreignais
/ʁɛs.tʁɛ.ɲɛ/ or /ʁɛs.tʁe.ɲɛ/ 		restreignait
/ʁɛs.tʁɛ.ɲɛ/ or /ʁɛs.tʁe.ɲɛ/ 		restreignions
/ʁɛs.tʁɛ.ɲjɔ̃/ or /ʁɛs.tʁe.ɲjɔ̃/ 		restreigniez
/ʁɛs.tʁɛ.ɲje/ or /ʁɛs.tʁe.ɲje/ 		restreignaient
/ʁɛs.tʁɛ.ɲɛ/ or /ʁɛs.tʁe.ɲɛ/
past historic2 restreignis
/ʁɛs.tʁɛ.ɲi/ or /ʁɛs.tʁe.ɲi/ 		restreignis
/ʁɛs.tʁɛ.ɲi/ or /ʁɛs.tʁe.ɲi/ 		restreignit
/ʁɛs.tʁɛ.ɲi/ or /ʁɛs.tʁe.ɲi/ 		restreignîmes
/ʁɛs.tʁɛ.ɲim/ or /ʁɛs.tʁe.ɲim/ 		restreignîtes
/ʁɛs.tʁɛ.ɲit/ or /ʁɛs.tʁe.ɲit/ 		restreignirent
/ʁɛs.tʁɛ.ɲiʁ/ or /ʁɛs.tʁe.ɲiʁ/
future restreindrai
/ʁɛs.tʁɛ̃.dʁe/ 		restreindras
/ʁɛs.tʁɛ̃.dʁa/ 		restreindra
/ʁɛs.tʁɛ̃.dʁa/ 		restreindrons
/ʁɛs.tʁɛ̃.dʁɔ̃/ 		restreindrez
/ʁɛs.tʁɛ̃.dʁe/ 		restreindront
/ʁɛs.tʁɛ̃.dʁɔ̃/
conditional restreindrais
/ʁɛs.tʁɛ̃.dʁɛ/ 		restreindrais
/ʁɛs.tʁɛ̃.dʁɛ/ 		restreindrait
/ʁɛs.tʁɛ̃.dʁɛ/ 		restreindrions
/ʁɛs.tʁɛ̃.dʁi.jɔ̃/ 		restreindriez
/ʁɛs.tʁɛ̃.dʁi.je/ 		restreindraient
/ʁɛs.tʁɛ̃.dʁɛ/
(compound
tenses) 		present perfect present indicative of avoir + past participle
pluperfect imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
past anterior2 past historic of avoir + past participle
future perfect future of avoir + past participle
conditional perfect conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive que je (j’) que tu qu’il, qu’elle que nous que vous qu’ils, qu’elles
(simple
tenses) 		present restreigne
/ʁɛs.tʁɛɲ/ 		restreignes
/ʁɛs.tʁɛɲ/ 		restreigne
/ʁɛs.tʁɛɲ/ 		restreignions
/ʁɛs.tʁɛ.ɲjɔ̃/ or /ʁɛs.tʁe.ɲjɔ̃/ 		restreigniez
/ʁɛs.tʁɛ.ɲje/ or /ʁɛs.tʁe.ɲje/ 		restreignent
/ʁɛs.tʁɛɲ/
imperfect2 restreignisse
/ʁɛs.tʁɛ.ɲis/ or /ʁɛs.tʁe.ɲis/ 		restreignisses
/ʁɛs.tʁɛ.ɲis/ or /ʁɛs.tʁe.ɲis/ 		restreignît
/ʁɛs.tʁɛ.ɲi/ or /ʁɛs.tʁe.ɲi/ 		restreignissions
/ʁɛs.tʁɛ.ɲi.sjɔ̃/ or /ʁɛs.tʁe.ɲi.sjɔ̃/ 		restreignissiez
/ʁɛs.tʁɛ.ɲi.sje/ or /ʁɛs.tʁe.ɲi.sje/ 		restreignissent
/ʁɛs.tʁɛ.ɲis/ or /ʁɛs.tʁe.ɲis/
(compound
tenses) 		past present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
pluperfect2 imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative – tu – nous vous –
simple — restreins
/ʁɛs.tʁɛ̃/ 		— restreignons
/ʁɛs.tʁɛ.ɲɔ̃/ or /ʁɛs.tʁe.ɲɔ̃/ 		restreignez
/ʁɛs.tʁɛ.ɲe/ or /ʁɛs.tʁe.ɲe/ 		—
compound — simple imperative of avoir + past participle — simple imperative of avoir + past participle simple imperative of avoir + past participle —
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en.
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
  • past historic → present perfect
  • past anterior → pluperfect
  • imperfect subjunctive → present subjunctive
  • pluperfect subjunctive → past subjunctive

(Christopher Kendris , Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81).

Further reading

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