robust

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English

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin rōbustus.

Pronunciation

Adjective

robust (comparative robuster or more robust, superlative robustest or most robust) (see usage notes)

  1. Evincing strength and health; strong; (often, especially) both large and healthy.
    He was a robust man of six feet four.
    robust health
    A robust wall was put up.
    • 1869, Anthony Trollope, Phineas Finn:
      She was stronger, larger, more robust physically than he had hitherto conceived.
  2. Violent; rough; rude.
    • 2011 October 1, Phil McNulty, “Everton 0 - 2 Liverpool”, in BBC Sport‎:
      As a frenetic opening continued, Cahill - whose robust approach had already prompted Jamie Carragher to register his displeasure to Atkinson - rose above the Liverpool defence to force keeper Pepe Reina into an athletic tip over the top.
  3. Requiring strength or vigor.
    robust employment
  4. Sensible (of intellect etc.); straightforward, not given to or confused by uncertainty or subtlety.
  5. (systems engineering) Designed or evolved in such a way as to be resistant to total failure despite partial damage.
  6. (software engineering) Resistant or impervious to failure regardless of user input or unexpected conditions.
  7. (statistics) Not greatly influenced by errors in assumptions about the distribution of sample errors.
  8. (chiefly zoology, anthropology, paleontology) Of an individual or skeletal element: strongly built; muscular; not gracile.

Usage notes

  • "More" and "most robust" are much more common than the forms ending in "-er" or "-est".

Derived terms

Related terms

Translations

Further reading

Anagrams

Catalan

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin rōbustus. First attested in c. 1400.

Pronunciation

Adjective

robust (feminine robusta, masculine plural robusts or robustos, feminine plural robustes)

  1. robust (evincing strength and health)
    Synonyms: fort, vigorós

Derived terms

References

  1. ^ “robust”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2024

Further reading

German

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin rōbustus.

Pronunciation

Adjective

robust (strong nominative masculine singular robuster, comparative robuster, superlative am robustesten)

  1. robust

Declension

Positive forms of robust
number & gender singular plural
masculine feminine neuter
predicative er ist robust sie ist robust es ist robust sie sind robust
strong declension
(without article) 		nominative robuster robuste robustes robuste
genitive robusten robuster robusten robuster
dative robustem robuster robustem robusten
accusative robusten robuste robustes robuste
weak declension
(with definite article) 		nominative der robuste die robuste das robuste die robusten
genitive des robusten der robusten des robusten der robusten
dative dem robusten der robusten dem robusten den robusten
accusative den robusten die robuste das robuste die robusten
mixed declension
(with indefinite article) 		nominative ein robuster eine robuste ein robustes (keine) robusten
genitive eines robusten einer robusten eines robusten (keiner) robusten
dative einem robusten einer robusten einem robusten (keinen) robusten
accusative einen robusten eine robuste ein robustes (keine) robusten
Comparative forms of robust
number & gender singular plural
masculine feminine neuter
predicative er ist robuster sie ist robuster es ist robuster sie sind robuster
strong declension
(without article) 		nominative robusterer robustere robusteres robustere
genitive robusteren robusterer robusteren robusterer
dative robusterem robusterer robusterem robusteren
accusative robusteren robustere robusteres robustere
weak declension
(with definite article) 		nominative der robustere die robustere das robustere die robusteren
genitive des robusteren der robusteren des robusteren der robusteren
dative dem robusteren der robusteren dem robusteren den robusteren
accusative den robusteren die robustere das robustere die robusteren
mixed declension
(with indefinite article) 		nominative ein robusterer eine robustere ein robusteres (keine) robusteren
genitive eines robusteren einer robusteren eines robusteren (keiner) robusteren
dative einem robusteren einer robusteren einem robusteren (keinen) robusteren
accusative einen robusteren eine robustere ein robusteres (keine) robusteren
Superlative forms of robust
number & gender singular plural
masculine feminine neuter
predicative er ist am robustesten sie ist am robustesten es ist am robustesten sie sind am robustesten
strong declension
(without article) 		nominative robustester robusteste robustestes robusteste
genitive robustesten robustester robustesten robustester
dative robustestem robustester robustestem robustesten
accusative robustesten robusteste robustestes robusteste
weak declension
(with definite article) 		nominative der robusteste die robusteste das robusteste die robustesten
genitive des robustesten der robustesten des robustesten der robustesten
dative dem robustesten der robustesten dem robustesten den robustesten
accusative den robustesten die robusteste das robusteste die robustesten
mixed declension
(with indefinite article) 		nominative ein robustester eine robusteste ein robustestes (keine) robustesten
genitive eines robustesten einer robustesten eines robustesten (keiner) robustesten
dative einem robustesten einer robustesten einem robustesten (keinen) robustesten
accusative einen robustesten eine robusteste ein robustestes (keine) robustesten

Derived terms

Further reading

  • “robust” in Duden online
  • “robust” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

From Latin rōbustus.

Adjective

robust (neuter singular robust, definite singular and plural robuste)

  1. robust, sturdy

References

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

From Latin rōbustus.

Adjective

robust (neuter singular robust, definite singular and plural robuste)

  1. robust, sturdy

References

Romanian

Etymology

Borrowed from French robuste, from Latin rōbustus.

Adjective

robust m or n (feminine singular robustă, masculine plural robuști, feminine and neuter plural robuste)

  1. robust

Declension

Declension of robust
singular plural
masculine neuter feminine masculine neuter feminine
nominative/
accusative 		indefinite robust robustă robuști robuste
definite robustul robusta robuștii robustele
genitive/
dative 		indefinite robust robuste robuști robuste
definite robustului robustei robuștilor robustelor

Swedish

Adjective

robust (comparative robustare, superlative robustast)

  1. robust

Declension

Inflection of robust
Indefinite Positive Comparative Superlative2
Common singular robust robustare robustast
Neuter singular robust robustare robustast
Plural robusta robustare robustast
Masculine plural3 robuste robustare robustast
Definite Positive Comparative Superlative
Masculine singular1 robuste robustare robustaste
All robusta robustare robustaste
1) Only used, optionally, to refer to things whose natural gender is masculine.
2) The indefinite superlative forms are only used in the predicative.
3) Dated or archaic

References

Wikious
Boobota
Sagapedia