On the traditional view an unexplained derivation from Proto-Indo-European *h₁rewdʰ- (“red”), whence also rubeō, ruber, rōbus, rōbur, rūfus, russus.
More recently, Prósper cites Schaffner 2016–2017 in seeing it as continuing Proto-Indo-European *h₂ruti-, from *h₂rew- (“to shine”), whence also the gentilic name Rutīlius, the tribal name Rutēnī, Venetic Rutius (patronymic) and Old Irish ruithen (“a gleam, shining”).
rutilus (feminine rutila, neuter rutilum); first/second-declension adjective
First/second-declension adjective.
Number | Singular | Plural | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Case / Gender | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |
Nominative | rutilus | rutila | rutilum | rutilī | rutilae | rutila | |
Genitive | rutilī | rutilae | rutilī | rutilōrum | rutilārum | rutilōrum | |
Dative | rutilō | rutilō | rutilīs | ||||
Accusative | rutilum | rutilam | rutilum | rutilōs | rutilās | rutila | |
Ablative | rutilō | rutilā | rutilō | rutilīs | |||
Vocative | rutile | rutila | rutilum | rutilī | rutilae | rutila |
albus, candidus, subalbus, niveus, cēreus, marmoreus, eburneus, cānus, blancus (ML.) | glaucus, rāvus, pullus, cinereus, cinerāceus, plumbeus, grīseus (ML. or NL.) | niger, āter, piceus, furvus |
ruber, rūbidus, rūfus, rubicundus, russus, rubrīcus, pūniceus, murrinus, mulleus; cocceus, coccīnus, badius | rutilus, armeniacus, aurantius, aurantiacus; fuscus, suffuscus, colōrius, cervīnus, spādīx, castaneus, aquilus, fulvus, brunneus (ML.) | flāvus, sufflāvus, flāvidus, fulvus, lūteus, gilvus, helvus, croceus, pallidus, blondinus (ML.) |
galbus, galbinus, lūridus | viridis | prasinus |
cȳaneus | caeruleus, azurīnus (ML.), caesius, blāvus (LL.) | glaucus; līvidus; venetus |
violāceus, ianthinus, balaustīnus (NL.) | ostrīnus, amethystīnus | purpureus, ātropurpureus, roseus, rosāceus |