rutilus

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See also: Rutilus

Latin

Alternative forms

Etymology

Possibly either:

  • from a derivative of Proto-Indo-European *h₂réw-ti-s ~ *h₂ru-téy-s, from *h₂rew- (“to shine”) +‎ *-tis, perhaps cognate to Proto-Celtic *ruteinos (“shiny reddish, rust colored”), via either:
    • If one follows Sen in supposing an origin from older rutulus with labial dissimilation,[1] one can derive this from *rutis (“redness”) +‎ *-elos (desubstantival suffix);
    • Via reconstructing -i- as the original second vowel instead of *-e-; some scholars believe that *-i- did not merge with *-e- during vowel reductions before -l-:
      • Schaffner reconstructs Proto-Italic *rutilos and segments this as Proto-Indo-European *h₂ruti-lo-;[2]
      • Prósper posits instead Proto-Italic *rutiðos, the -ilus in Latin thus serving as a lambdacized counterpart to Latin -idus.[3]
  • or dissimilated from Proto-Italic *rutrelos (compare Latin clītellae) also with labial dissimilation, from *rutros, variant of *ruðros (“red”) (whence Latin ruber (“red”)) + *-elos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁rudʰ-ró-s (“red”), from *h₁rewdʰ- (“red”) +‎ *-rós.[4]

Pronunciation

Adjective

rutilus (feminine rutila, neuter rutilum); first/second-declension adjective

  1. of a warm or yellowish red colour, ruddy
  2. strawberry blonde

Reconstruction notes

Declension

First/second-declension adjective.

singular plural
masculine feminine neuter masculine feminine neuter
nominative rutilus rutila rutilum rutilī rutilae rutila
genitive rutilī rutilae rutilī rutilōrum rutilārum rutilōrum
dative rutilō rutilae rutilō rutilīs
accusative rutilum rutilam rutilum rutilōs rutilās rutila
ablative rutilō rutilā rutilō rutilīs
vocative rutile rutila rutilum rutilī rutilae rutila

Derived terms

Descendants

  • Italian: rutilo
  • → Portuguese: rútilo

See also

Colors in Latin · colōrēs (layout · text)
     albus, candidus, subalbus, niveus, cēreus, marmoreus, eburneus, cānus, blancus (ML.)      glaucus, rāvus, pullus, cinereus, cinerāceus, plumbeus, grīseus (ML. or NL.)      niger, āter, piceus, furvus
             ruber, rūbidus, rūfus, rubicundus, russus, rubrīcus, pūniceus, murrinus, mulleus; cocceus, coccīnus, badius              rutilus, armeniacus, aurantius, aurantiacus; fuscus, suffuscus, colōrius, cervīnus, spādīx, castaneus, aquilus, fulvus, brunneus (ML.)              flāvus, sufflāvus, flāvidus, fulvus, lūteus, gilvus, helvus, croceus, pallidus, blondinus (ML.)
             galbus, galbinus, lūridus              viridis              prasinus
             cȳaneus              caeruleus, azurīnus (ML.), caesius, blāvus (LL.)              glaucus; līvidus; venetus
             violāceus, ianthinus, balaustīnus (NL.)              ostrīnus, amethystīnus              purpureus, ātropurpureus, roseus, rosāceus

References

  1. ^ Sen, Ranjan (2015) Syllable and Segment in Latin, Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 22
  2. ^ Schaffner, Stefan (2016/17) “Lateinisch rutilus ‘rötlich, gelbrot, goldgelb’, altir. ruithen ‘Strahl, Glanz’ und kymr. rwt ‘Rost, Korrosion’”, in Luschützky, Hans Christian, Nedoma, Robert, Schumacher, Stefan, editors, Die Sprache: Zeitschrift für Sprachwissenschaft‎, number 1, Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, →ISBN, pages 102-123
  3. ^ Prósper, Blanca María (2024) “Celto-Venetica: Indo-European Names from North-Eastern Italy and the Dialectal Classification of Venetic”, in Voprosy Onomastiki‎, number 2, Ekaterinburg: Ural University Press, →DOI, pages 9-50
  4. ^ Risch, Ernst (1979) “Die idg. Wurzel *reudh- im Lateinischen”, in Brogyanyi, Bela, editor, Studies in Diachronic, Synchronic, and Typological Linguistics: Festschrift for Oswald Szemérenyi on the Occasion of his 65th Birthday (Current Issues in Linguistic Theory) (in German), volume 11, →DOI, pages 705–724

Further reading

  • “rutilus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “rutilus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • "rutilus", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
  • rutilus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
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