s'

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Albanian

Alternative forms

Etymology

Short for (not) (not to be confused with adjectival article and conjunction se (that (as), when)). This is in turn from Proto-Albanian *tśe, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷíd (that (relative))

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /s/, (before voiced consonants) /z/

Adverb

s'

  1. negates the meaning of the modified verb: not, don't
    Synonym: nuk
    Unë di. - Unë s'di.
    I know. - I don't know.
    Jam, s'jam. Je, s'je.
    I am, I'm not. You are, you aren't.

Related terms

References

  1. ^ Albanische Etymologien (Untersuchungen zum albanischen Erbwortschatz), Bardhyl Demiraj, Leiden Studies in Indo-European 7; Amsterdam - Atlanta 1997. p. 276.

Asturian

Pronoun

s'

  1. Apocopic form of se before a vowel

Catalan

Pronoun

s’

  1. Contraction of es.

Usage notes

  • s' is the elided (elida) form of the pronoun. It is used before verbs beginning with a vowel.

Declension

French

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /s‿/
  • (file)

Conjunction

s’

  1. Elision of si (if) before il or ils.
    S’il vous plaîtPlease / Here you are.
    S’il te plaît.Please / Here you are.
    Je ne sais pas s’ils viendront demain.
    I don’t know if they will come tomorrow.

Pronoun

s’ (third person)

  1. Elision of se before a word beginning with a vowel.
    Il s’habille.He’s dressing (himself).
    Il s’aime.He loves himself.
    Ils s’aiment.
    They love themselves. / They love each other.
  2. (informal) Elision of se before a word beginning with a consonant.
    Y s’bouge le cul ou quoi?Is he movin’ his ass or what?

Further reading

Italian

Pronoun

s' (apocopated)

  1. (before a vowel) Apocopic form of si

Usage notes

  • Commonly elides before a vowel, especially i and e.

See also

Manx

Alternative forms

  • s- (used before a vowel)
  • sh- (used before front vowels)

Etymology

From Old Irish is.

Particle

s'

  1. Present/future copula form
    S'mie lhiam shillishyn.
    I am fond of cherries.
    Shegin dooin goll dy chaggey.
    We have to go to war.
    my sailltplease (said to one person)
  2. Used to introduce the comparative/superlative form of adjectives
    V'ee yn inneen s'bwaaee 'sy theihll.
    She was the prettiest girl in the world.
    fer s'gilley jeh mooinjey y vadranthe brightest of the sons of the morning

Usage notes

Only used with adjectives. When nouns are equated with each other, use she.

Neapolitan

Pronoun

s’

  1. (before a vowel) Apocopic form of se

Norman

Etymology

Old French se < Latin .

Pronoun

s'

  1. third-person singular reflexive pronoun; oneself
    s'rêjouito enjoy oneself

Old French

Pronoun

s'

  1. his; her; its (elided form of son or sa before a word starting with a vowel)
    s'oreillehis ear

Romagnol

Conjunction

s'

  1. Apocopic form of se (if)
    • 1920, Olindo Guerrini, edited by Zanichelli, Sonetti romagnoli, published 1967:
      S'aví pazenzia d' lezer ste librett E ch'a sbrucheva i virs in rumagnol A i truvarí zinquanta e piò sunett Ch'av gudrí ch'a farí dal scapariol.
      If are patient to read this book and you (can) understand the poetry in Romagnol you will find more than fifty sonnets that will entertain you more than tumbling.

Sardinian

Article

s' m or f (Logudorese, Campidanese, Nuorese)

  1. Apocopic form of su, used before a vowel: the (masculine singular definite article)
  2. Apocopic form of sa, used before a vowel: the (feminine singular definite article)

Sassarese

Pronoun

s'

  1. Apocopic form of si, used before a vowel