sĩ

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See also: Appendix:Variations of "si"

Vietnamese

Alternative forms

Etymology

Sino-Vietnamese word from 士

Pronunciation

Noun

sĩ • (士, 仕)

  1. (now only in compounds) a learned person, especially someone from the respected intelligentsia
    Holonym: tứ dân
    Coordinate terms: công (“artisans/craftsmen”), nông (“peasants/farmers”), thương (“merchants”)
    • 15th century, Nguyễn Trãi, “言志 Ngôn chí 14”, in Quốc âm thi tập (國音詩集):
      絲毫庄固填恩主
      𠰺廊溋𠇍士儒
      Tơ hào chẳng có đền ơn chúa.
      Dạy láng giềng mấy sĩ nho.
      I have not the slightest of things to repay my lord's graces;
      I'm teaching my neighbors, a few intellectuals and scholars.
    • Chỉ nam ngọc âm giải nghĩa (Precious manual explicating ) 28b
      士(Sĩ)固(có)才(tài)䝨(hiền)埃(ai)庄(chẳng)別(biết)名(danh).
      The literati possess worthy talents; who is not aware of their reputations?
    • 14th century, Luo Guanzhong, Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Ch. 57; 1909 Vietnamese translation by Phan Kế Bính
      Nghe tiếng ngài yêu người hiền, trọng kẻ sĩ, nên tôi cũng đến yết kiến.
      I've heard that ye reputedly cherish virtuosi and respect literati, so I'm also come for an audience.
  2. (military, in compounds) warrior, soldier, officer (commissioned or non-commissioned)
    tướng sĩ ― generals and officers
    liệt sĩ ― soldier killed in the line of duty
    • 1759, Lê Quý Đôn, Đại Việt thông sử (Thorough Historical Records of Great Việt); 1973, Vietnamese translation by Lê Mạnh Liêu
      Bởi vậy ngài bèn đại hội tướng sĩ, bàn tính việc khởi binh.
      Therefore, he held a great meeting with the generals and officers, to discuss raising armies.
  3. (in compounds) agentive suffix
    nghệ sĩ ― artist
    kị sĩ ― rider
  4. (xiangqi) an advisor, a piece labeled with the characters 士 (shì, black) and 仕 (sĩ, red)

Derived terms

Adjective

sĩ

  1. (colloquial) Short for sĩ diện (“egoistic, snobbish”).
    Không có tiền nhưng chồng tôi rất sĩ.
    My husband is broke but very snobbish.
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