san

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See also: Appendix:Variations of "san"

Translingual

Symbol

san

  1. (international standards) ISO 639-2 & ISO 639-3 language code for Sanskrit.

English

Etymology 1

san

From Ancient Greek σάν (sán), from Semitic.

Noun

san (plural sans)

  1. A letter of the Archaic Greek alphabet (uppercase Ϻ, lowercase ϻ) that came after pi and before qoppa.
Translations

See also

Etymology 2

Shortening of sanatorium.

Pronunciation

  • Audio (US)(file)
  • Rhymes: -æn

Noun

san (plural sans)

  1. (dated, informal) A sanatorium.
    • 1940, Enid Blyton, The Naughtiest Girl in the School:
      "Haven't you heard?" said Belinda. "Joan's ill! She'd got a high temperature, and she's in bed in the San."
    • 1958, Doris Lessing, A Ripple From the Storm, HarperPerennial, published 1995, page 122:
      ‘I was in the san for ten months before the war. I know all the gen about being sick.’
    • 2005, Dan Soucoup, Richard Thorne McCully, McCully's New Brunswick, page 137:
      River Glade Sanatorium, River Glade, June 25, 1931. The "San" at River Glade with the Petitcodiac River in the background.

See also

Anagrams

Afar

Etymology

From Proto-Cushitic *ʔisŋʷ-. Cognates include Hadiyya sane, Oromo funyaan, Sidamo sano, Somali san and Saho san.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈsan/,
  • Hyphenation: san

Noun

sán m (plural sanitté f or sanwá f)

  1. nose

References

  • Mohamed Hassan Kamil (2015) L’afar: description grammaticale d’une langue couchitique (Djibouti, Erythrée et Ethiopie)‎, Paris: Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (doctoral thesis), page 61

Atong (India)

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

san

  1. day

References

Catalan

Pronunciation

Noun

san f (plural sans)

  1. San; the Archaic Greek letter Ϻ (lowercase ϻ)

Classical Nahuatl

Particle

san

  1. Alternative spelling of zan

Cypriot Arabic

Etymology

From the diminutive of Arabic لِسَان (lisān).

Noun

san f (plural sanát)

  1. tongue
  2. language

Derived terms

References

  • Borg, Alexander (2004) A Comparative Glossary of Cypriot Maronite Arabic (Arabic–English) (Handbook of Oriental Studies; I.70), Leiden and Boston: Brill, page 417

Dongxiang

Etymology

From Proto-Mongolic *sam, compare Mongolian сам (sam).

Pronunciation

Noun

san

  1. comb

Dutch

Etymology

From Ancient Greek σάν (sán).

Noun

san c (plural san's, diminutive sannetje n)

  1. san (archaic Greek letter)

Further reading

French

Pronunciation 1

Noun

san m (plural san)

  1. san (Greek letter)

Pronunciation 2

Etymology

Blend of son +‎ sa.

Determiner

san n (singular, plural ses)

  1. (gender-neutral, neologism) his, her, their, its
    Je connais très bien san partenaire.
    I know their partner wery well.
Related terms
Possessee
Singular Plural
Masculine Feminine
Possessor Singular First person mon1 ma mes
Second person ton1 ta tes
Third person son1 sa ses
Plural First person notre nos
Second person votre2 vos2
Third person leur leurs
1 Also used before feminine adjectives and nouns beginning with a vowel or mute h.
2 Also used as the polite singular form.
See also

Anagrams

Friulian

Etymology

From Latin sānus.

Adjective

san

  1. healthy, sound

Related terms

Galician

Etymology 1

From Old Galician-Portuguese san, from Latin sanctus. Cognate with Portuguese são and Spanish san.

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

Adjective

san m (apocopate, standard form santo)

  1. (before nouns which began by a consonant) Apocopic form of santo (“saint”)

Etymology 2

From Old Galician-Portuguese são (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin sānus. Cognate with Portuguese são and Spanish sano.

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

Adjective

san (feminine sa, masculine plural sans, feminine plural sas)

  1. healthy, sound
    • 1775, María Francisca Isla y Losada, Romance:
      Ay Jesús! miña Joiña!
      non falemos nesto mais,
      que dá grima sò o pensalo,
      Deus vos garde bo é san.
      Santiago. Febreiro doce
      Aÿ! que non sey que me dà,
      que me esfraquezo de todo,
      è non podo vafexàr.
      Oh, Jesus! My Jewel!
      Let's not talk about this anymore
      because it brings creeps just to think about it.
      God take care of you, safe and sound.
      Santiago, February twelve
      Oh!, I don't know what happens to me
      I'm totally weakening
      and I can't breathe
Related terms

References

  • “são” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006–2022.
  • “san” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006–2022.
  • “são” in Xavier Varela Barreiro & Xavier Gómez Guinovart: Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval. SLI / Grupo TALG / ILG, 2006–2018.
  • “san” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006–2013.
  • “san” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
  • “san” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.

Garifuna

Etymology

Probably from French cent.

Numeral

san

  1. hundred

Haitian Creole

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

From French cent (“hundred”).

Numeral

san

  1. hundred

Etymology 2

From French sang (“blood”).

Noun

san

  1. blood

Hokkien

For pronunciation and definitions of san – see 山 (“mountain; hill; hill-shaped object; etc.”).
(This term is the pe̍h-ōe-jī form of 山).

Irish

Etymology 1

From Middle Irish (i)sind, (i)sin, from Old Irish isin(d/t) (“in the m or f or n sg dative”), isin (“into the m or f sg accusative”), isa (“into the n sg accusative”), from Proto-Celtic *in sindū/sindai (“in the m sg/f sg dative”), *in sindom/sindam (“into the m sg/f sg accusative”).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /sˠən̪ˠ/, /sˠənˠ/ (before a, o, u, fha, fho, fhu)
  • IPA(key): /sˠənʲ/ (before e, i, fhe, fhi)

Contraction

san

  1. preposition i + definite article an: in the (singular)
Usage notes

Used before vowel sounds and f (which lenites); (otherwise, sa is used):

  • san amhrán ― in the song
  • san fhocal ― in the word

Often understood to be a contraction of ins an, but the forms san, sa were in common use by the 12th century and accepted in Classical Gaelic poetry while ins is a later innovation with the -n- reintroduced by analogy.

Related terms
Irish preposition contractions
Basic form Contracted with Copular forms
an (“the sg”) na (“the pl”) mo (“my”) do (“your”) a (“his, her, their; which (present)”) ár (“our”) ar (“which (past)”) (before consonant) (present/future before vowel) (past/conditional before vowel)
de (“from”) den de na
desna*		 de mo
dem*		 de do
ded*, det*		 dá dár dar darb darbh
do (“to, for”) don do na
dosna*		 do mo
dom*		 do do
dod*, dot*		 dá dár dar darb darbh
faoi (“under, about”) faoin faoi na faoi mo faoi do faoina faoinár faoinar faoinarb faoinarbh
i (“in”) sa, san sna i mo
im*		 i do
id*, it*		 ina inár inar inarb inarbh
le (“with”) leis an leis na le mo
lem*		 le do
led*, let*		 lena lenár lenar lenarb lenarbh
ó (“from, since”) ón ó na
ósna*		 ó mo
óm*		 ó do
ód*, ót*		 óna ónár ónar ónarb ónarbh
trí (“through”) tríd an trí na trí mo trí do trína trínár trínar trínarb trínarbh
*Dialectal.

Further reading

  • Osborn Bergin (1916) “Irish Grammatical Tracts (Introductory)”, in Ériu, volume 8, Supplement, Royal Irish Academy, →DOI, →JSTOR, §67, page 17
  • McKenna, Lambert, editor (1944), Bardic Syntactical Tracts, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, page 113: “Before pl. art. i n- gives is na, ’sna; in such cases a h- gives as na. (…) Before sg. art. i n- is isin, san (often sa before consonants).”
  • G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), chapter I, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
  • Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “san”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
  • Entries containing “san” in New English-Irish Dictionary by Foras na Gaeilge.

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /sˠən̪ˠ/, /sˠənˠ/

Determiner

san

  1. (nonstandard) Alternative form of sin (“that”) (used after a broad consonant)
    an fear san ― that man (standard: an fear sin)

Italian

Italian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia it

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈsan/
  • Rhymes: -an
  • Hyphenation: sàn

Etymology 1

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

san m or f (uncountable)

  1. san (Greek letter)

Etymology 2

Noun

san m (apocopated)

  1. (used before a consonant) Apocopic form of santo saint
    San Pietro ― Saint Peter

See also

Japanese

Romanization

san

  1. Rōmaji transcription of さん
  2. Rōmaji transcription of サン

Karaim

Etymology

From Proto-Turkic *sā-. Compare to Turkish san, Southern Altai сагыш (sagïš), etc.

Noun

san

  1. number

References

  • N. A. Baskakov, S.M. Šapšala, editor (1973), “san”, in Karaimsko-Russko-Polʹskij Slovarʹ [Karaim-Russian-Polish Dictionary], Moscow: Moskva, →ISBN

Khasi

Khasi cardinal numbers
 <  4 5 6  > 
    Cardinal : san

Etymology

From Proto-Khasian *san. Compare Pnar san, Lyngngam san, War-Jaintia san.

Pronunciation

Numeral

san

  1. five

Verb

san

  1. to grow up

References

  • Singh, U Nissor (1906) Khasi-English dictionary‎, Shillong: Eastern Bengal and Assam Secretariat Press, page 183. Searchable online at SEAlang.net.

Kuna

Noun

san

  1. meat

Lombard

Etymology

Akin to Italian sano, from Latin sanus.

Adjective

san

  1. healthy

Mandarin

Romanization

san (san5／san0, Zhuyin ˙ㄙㄢ)

  1. Hanyu Pinyin reading of 𠮿

san

  1. Nonstandard spelling of sān.
  2. Nonstandard spelling of sǎn.
  3. Nonstandard spelling of sàn.

Usage notes

  • Transcriptions of Mandarin into the Latin script often do not distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without indication of tone.

Middle English

Etymology 1

A contracted form of earlier sægen, from Old English sæċġan, alternative form of seċġan.

Verb

sãn

  1. Alternative form of seien

Etymology 2

From Old French san, alternative form of senz.

Preposition

san

  1. Alternative form of saunz

Norman

Etymology

From Vulgar Latin sum, from Classical Latin suum.

Pronunciation

  • Audio (Jersey)(file)

Determiner

san m

  1. (Jersey) his, her, its (used to qualify masculine nouns)

North Frisian

Etymology 1

From Old Frisian sunne. Cognates include West Frisian sinne.

Noun

san m

  1. (Mooring and Föhr-Amrum) sun
    A san gungt up. ― The sun rises.
    A san gungt oner. ― The sun sets.

Etymology 2

From Old Frisian sīn.

Pronoun

san m (feminine sin, neuter sin, plural sin)

  1. (Föhr-Amrum) his

Old Czech

Alternative forms

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *sanь.

Pronunciation

Noun

san f or m animal

  1. dragon
    Synonym: drak

Declension

Declension of san (i-stem)
singular dual plural
nominative san sani sani
genitive sani saňú saní
dative sani sanma sanem
accusative san sani sani
vocative sani sani sani
locative sani saňú sanech
instrumental saňú sanma sanmi
This table shows the most common forms around the 13th century.
See also Appendix:Old Czech nouns and Appendix:Old Czech pronunciation.
Declension of san (i-stem)
singular dual plural
nominative san sani sanie
genitive sani saňú saní
dative sani sanma sanem
accusative san, sani sani sani
vocative sani sani sanie
locative sani saňú sanech
instrumental sanem sanma sanmi
This table shows the most common forms around the 13th century.
See also Appendix:Old Czech nouns and Appendix:Old Czech pronunciation.
Declension of san (hard o-stem)
singular dual plural
nominative san sany sani, sanové
genitive sana, sanu sanú sanóv
dative sanu, sanovi sanoma sanóm
accusative san, sana sany sany
vocative sane sany sani, sanové
locative saně, sanu, sanovi sanú saniech
instrumental sanem sanoma sany
This table shows the most common forms around the 13th century.
See also Appendix:Old Czech nouns and Appendix:Old Czech pronunciation.

Related terms

Descendants

  • Czech: saň

Further reading

Old French

Noun

san oblique singular, m (oblique plural sans, nominative singular sans, nominative plural san)

  1. Alternative form of sens

Pali

Alternative forms

Alternative forms

Etymology

Inherited from Sanskrit श्वन् (śvan).

Noun

san m

  1. dog

Declension

Only consensus forms are shown.

Declension table of "san" (masculine)
Case \ NumberSingularPlural
Nominative (first)sāsā
Accusative (second)(uncertain)sāne
Dative (fourth)sassasānaṃ
Genitive (sixth)sassasānaṃ
Vocative (calling)sasā

Descendants

References

  • Pali Text Society (1921–1925) “san”, in Pali-English Dictionary‎, London: Chipstead

Pnar

Pnar cardinal numbers
 <  4 5 6  > 
    Cardinal : san
    Ordinal : wa san

Etymology

From Proto-Khasian *san, from Proto-Mon-Khmer *suun ~ *suən ~ *sən; cognate with Khasi san, Mang han², Mon မသုန် (pəsɔn) and Proto-Palaungic *pəsan (whence Riang kʰan¹ and Danau θʊn⁴).

Pronunciation

Numeral

san

  1. (cardinal number) five

Rohingya

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Sanskrit चन्द्र (candra); cognate with Bengali চাঁদ (cãd).

Noun

san (Hanifi spelling 𐴏𐴝𐴕)

  1. moon

Romani

Verb

san

  1. second-person singular present indicative of si

Scottish Gaelic

Etymology

From Middle Irish (i)sind, (i)sin, from Old Irish isin(d/t) (“in the m or f or n sg dative”), isin (“into the m or f sg accusative”), isa (“into the n sg accusative”).

Preposition

san

  1. in the
    san anmoch ― in the evening
    san fhad-ùine ― in the long run
    san t-seanchas ― in conversation
    san achadh bhuan ― in the harvest field

Usage notes

  • This form is not used before nouns beginning with b, c, g, m or p, where sa is used instead.
  • If followed by f, the f is lenited:
    facal - word,
    san fhacal - in the word.
  • Often understood to be a contraction of anns an, but the forms san, sa were in common use by the 12th century and accepted in Classical Gaelic poetry while anns is a later innovation with the -n- reintroduced by analogy.

Related terms

References

  • Osborn Bergin (1916) “Irish Grammatical Tracts (Introductory)”, in Ériu, volume 8, Supplement, Royal Irish Academy, →DOI, →JSTOR, §67, page 17
  • McKenna, Lambert, editor (1944), Bardic Syntactical Tracts, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, page 113: “Before pl. art. i n- gives is na, ’sna; in such cases a h- gives as na. (…) Before sg. art. i n- is isin, san (often sa before consonants).”
  • G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), chapter I, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *sъ̀nъ, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *súpnas, from Proto-Indo-European *supnós.

Pronunciation

Noun

sȁn m (Cyrillic spelling са̏н)

  1. sleep
  2. dream
    Šta si videla u tom snu? ― What did you see in that dream?

Declension

Declension of san
singular plural
nominative sȁn snȏvi / snȉ
genitive snȁ snȏvā
dative snȕ snȏvima / snȉma
accusative sȁn snȏve / snȅ
vocative snȅ snȏvi / snȉ
locative snȕ snȏvima / snȉma
instrumental snȍm snȏvima / snȉma

Derived terms

References

  • “san” in Hrvatski jezični portal

Somali

Etymology

From Proto-Cushitic *ʔisŋʷ-. Cognates include Afar san, Hadiyya sane, Oromo funyaan, Saho san and Sidamo sano.

Noun

san ?

  1. nose

References

  • san Afmaal Somali-English Dictionary.

Spanish

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈsan/
  • Rhymes: -an
  • Syllabification: san

Etymology 1

Alternative forms

Noun

san m (plural sanes)

  1. (Dominican Republic) financial, temporal-savings scheme; the participants periodically contribute a quota to a communal pot that is given to one member, based on his/her turn amongst all the others

Adjective

san m (apocopate, standard form santo)

  1. (before the noun) Apocopic form of santo (“saint”)
Usage notes
  • Not used in front of the following names (use santo instead): Tomás, Tomé, Toribio, and Domingo.

Etymology 2

Noun

san f (plural sanes)

  1. san; the Greek letter M, ϻ

Further reading

Tagalog

Pronunciation

Pronoun

san (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜈ᜔)

  1. Informal form of saan.

Tatar

Noun

san

  1. number
  2. shin, hind leg
  3. limb

Ter Sami

Etymology

Borrowed from Russian са́ни (sáni).

Noun

san

  1. sledge, sleigh

Further reading

  • Koponen, Eino, Ruppel, Klaas, Aapala, Kirsti, editors (2002–2008), Álgu database: Etymological database of the Saami languages‎, Helsinki: Research Institute for the Languages of Finland

Tok Pisin

This entry has fewer than three known examples of actual usage, the minimum considered necessary for clear attestation, and may not be reliable. This language is subject to a special exemption for languages with limited documentation. If you speak it, please consider editing this entry or adding citations. See also Help and the Community Portal.
Tok Pisin Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia tpi

Etymology

From English sun.

Noun

san

  1. sun
    • 1989, Buk Baibel long Tok Pisin, Port Moresby: Bible Society of Papua New Guinea, Jenesis 1:15:
      God i mekim kamap tupela bikpela lait. Bikpela em san bilong givim lait long de, na liklik em mun bilong givim lait long nait. Na God i mekim kamap ol sta tu.
      →New International Version translation

Derived terms

Torres Strait Creole

Etymology

From English sun.

Noun

san

  1. sun

Turkish

Etymology

From Ottoman Turkish صان (san), a derivation from Proto-Turkic *sā- (“to count”). Related to say- (“to count”) and san- (“to consider”).

Noun

san (definite accusative sanı, plural sanlar)

  1. name
  2. reputation

Declension

Inflection
Nominative san
Definite accusative sanı
Singular Plural
Nominative san sanlar
Definite accusative sanı sanları
Dative sana sanlara
Locative sanda sanlarda
Ablative sandan sanlardan
Genitive sanın sanların
Possessive forms
Nominative
Singular Plural
1st singular sanım sanlarım
2nd singular sanın sanların
3rd singular sanı sanları
1st plural sanımız sanlarımız
2nd plural sanınız sanlarınız
3rd plural sanları sanları
Definite accusative
Singular Plural
1st singular sanımı sanlarımı
2nd singular sanını sanlarını
3rd singular sanını sanlarını
1st plural sanımızı sanlarımızı
2nd plural sanınızı sanlarınızı
3rd plural sanlarını sanlarını
Dative
Singular Plural
1st singular sanıma sanlarıma
2nd singular sanına sanlarına
3rd singular sanına sanlarına
1st plural sanımıza sanlarımıza
2nd plural sanınıza sanlarınıza
3rd plural sanlarına sanlarına
Locative
Singular Plural
1st singular sanımda sanlarımda
2nd singular sanında sanlarında
3rd singular sanında sanlarında
1st plural sanımızda sanlarımızda
2nd plural sanınızda sanlarınızda
3rd plural sanlarında sanlarında
Ablative
Singular Plural
1st singular sanımdan sanlarımdan
2nd singular sanından sanlarından
3rd singular sanından sanlarından
1st plural sanımızdan sanlarımızdan
2nd plural sanınızdan sanlarınızdan
3rd plural sanlarından sanlarından
Genitive
Singular Plural
1st singular sanımın sanlarımın
2nd singular sanının sanlarının
3rd singular sanının sanlarının
1st plural sanımızın sanlarımızın
2nd plural sanınızın sanlarınızın
3rd plural sanlarının sanlarının
Predicative forms
Singular Plural
1st singular sanım sanlarım
2nd singular sansın sanlarsın
3rd singular san
sandır 		sanlar
sanlardır
1st plural sanız sanlarız
2nd plural sansınız sanlarsınız
3rd plural sanlar sanlardır

Derived terms

Related terms

Further reading

  • “san”, in Turkish dictionaries, Türk Dil Kurumu

Venetian

Etymology

From Latin sanus.

Adjective

san

  1. healthy

Vietnamese

Pronunciation

Verb

san

  1. to flatten
  2. to make equal

Derived terms

Derived terms

Yoruba

Etymology 1

Cognate with Igala ra

Pronunciation

Verb

san

  1. to pay
    Ó ti san owó orí ìyàwó. ― He has paid the bride price.
Derived terms

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

Verb

sàn

  1. to be good; to be well
    Synonyms: dára, yááyì
    Ó sàn kí a sinmi. ― It's good that we rest.
  2. to heal
    Ọgbẹ́ ti sàn. ― The wound has healed.
Derived terms

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

Verb

sán

  1. (with àrá (“thunder”)) to thunder
    Àrá ń sán. ― Thunder is striking.

Etymology 4

Compare Nupe sán (“to split; to ache (head)”).

Pronunciation

Verb

sán

  1. to crack; to split
    Òkúta ti sán. ― The rock has split.
  2. (with orí (“head”)) to ache
    Synonym: fọ́
    Orí ń sán mi. ― My head is aching me.

Zhuang

Etymology

From Proto-Tai *saːn. Cognate with Thai สาน (sǎan), Northern Thai ᩈᩣ᩠ᨶ, Lao ສານ (sān), Lü ᦉᦱᧃ (ṡaan), Khün ᩈᩣ᩠ᨶ, Shan သၢၼ် (sǎan), Ahom 𑜏𑜃𑜫 (san).

Pronunciation

Verb

san (1957–1982 spelling san)

  1. to weave
Wikious
Boobota
Sagapedia