sappi
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See also: säppi
Finnish
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *sappi, from Proto-Finno-Ugric *säppä. Cognates include Estonian sapp, Erzya сэпе (sëpe) and Hungarian epe.
Pronunciation
Noun
sappi
- bile, gall (bodily fluid)
- Ellipsis of sappirakko (“gallbladder”).
- centaury (any plant of the genus Centaurium)
- (in the plural) the genus Centaurium
- (idiomatic, dated outside expressions) bile, spleen, spitefulness (bad mood, bitterness of temper)
- Hän saa sappeni kiehumaan.
- He makes my blood boil.
- (literally, “He makes my bile boil.”)
Declension
| Inflection of sappi (Kotus type 7*B/ovi, pp-p gradation) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | sappi | sapet | |
| genitive | sapen | sappien | |
| partitive | sappea | sappia | |
| illative | sappeen | sappiin | |
| singular | plural | ||
| nominative | sappi | sapet | |
| accusative | nom. | sappi | sapet |
| gen. | sapen | ||
| genitive | sapen | sappien | |
| partitive | sappea | sappia | |
| inessive | sapessa | sapissa | |
| elative | sapesta | sapista | |
| illative | sappeen | sappiin | |
| adessive | sapella | sapilla | |
| ablative | sapelta | sapilta | |
| allative | sapelle | sapille | |
| essive | sappena | sappina | |
| translative | sapeksi | sapiksi | |
| abessive | sapetta | sapitta | |
| instructive | — | sapin | |
| comitative | See the possessive forms below. | ||
Synonyms
- (gallbladder): sappirakko
- (bitterness of temper): sapekkuus
Derived terms
(compounds):
Further reading
- “sappi”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-03
Ingrian
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *sappi. Cognates include Finnish sappi and Estonian sapp.
Pronunciation
- (Ala-Laukaa) IPA(key): /ˈsɑpːi/,
- (Soikkola) IPA(key): /ˈsɑpːi/,
- Rhymes: -ɑpʲː, -ɑpːi
- Hyphenation: sap‧pi
Noun
sappi
Declension
| Declension of sappi (type 5/lehti, pp-p gradation) | ||
|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |
| nominative | sappi | sapet |
| genitive | sapen | sappiin, sappiloin |
| partitive | sappia | sappija, sappiloja |
| illative | sappee | sappii, sappiloihe |
| inessive | sapes | sapis, sappilois |
| elative | sapest | sapist, sappiloist |
| allative | sapelle | sapille, sappiloille |
| adessive | sapel | sapil, sappiloil |
| ablative | sapelt | sapilt, sappiloilt |
| translative | sapeks | sapiks, sappiloiks |
| essive | sappenna, sappeen | sappinna, sappiloinna, sappiin, sappiloin |
| exessive1) | sappent | sappint, sappiloint |
| 1) obsolete *) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl) **) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka? or -kä? to the genitive. | ||
Derived terms
References
- Fedor Tumansky (1790) “саппи”, in Опытъ повѣствованїя о дѣянїях, положенїи, состоянїи и раздѣленїи Санкт-Петербургской губернїи [An experiment of an account of the acts, location, condition and division of the Saint Petersburg gubernia], Краткїй словарь ижерскаго, финскаго, эстонскаго, чюдскаго, и ямскаго нарѣчїя съ россїйскимъ переводомъ [A short dictionary of the Ingrian, Finnish, Estonian, Chud and Yamtian dialects with a Russian translation], page 679
- Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 506
Italian
Pronunciation
Verb
sappi
Karelian
Noun
sappi
- gall (bile)
Pali
Noun
sappi n
References
- sappi in SuttaCentral
Votic
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *sappi.
Pronunciation
Noun
sappi
Inflection
| Declension of sappi (type VII/nimi, pp-p gradation) | ||
|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |
| nominative | sappi | sapõd |
| genitive | sapõ | sappijõ, sappii |
| partitive | sappia | sappiitõ, sappii |
| illative | sappõsõ, sappõ | sappiisõ |
| inessive | sapõz | sappiiz |
| elative | sapõssõ | sappiissõ |
| allative | sapõlõ | sappiilõ |
| adessive | sapõllõ | sappiillõ |
| ablative | sapõltõ | sappiiltõ |
| translative | sapõssi | sappiissi |
| *) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl) **) the terminative is formed by adding the suffix -ssaa to the short illative (sg) or the genitive. ***) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka to the genitive. | ||
References
- Hallap, V., Adler, E., Grünberg, S., Leppik, M. (2012) “sappi”, in Vadja keele sõnaraamat [A dictionary of the Votic language], 2nd edition, Tallinn