sarjana
Indonesian
Etymology
From Sanskrit सज्जन (sajjana, “gentleman, virtuous man”). Compare to Javanese ꦱꦂꦗꦤ (sarjana, “scholar”) and Old Javanese sajjana (“scholar”). The change of cluster ⟨rj⟩ from ⟨jj⟩ probably reflect hypercorrection, see conversion between Sanskrit and Pali forms.
- Sense of bachelor and baccalaureate is a semantic loan from Dutch baccalaureus (“bachelor”). Compare to Chinese 學士／学士 (xuéshì, “bachelor”, literally “scholar; literati”).
Pronunciation
Noun
sarjana (first-person possessive sarjanaku, second-person possessive sarjanamu, third-person possessive sarjananya)
- (education) bachelor's degree, baccalaureate: the first or lowest academic degree conferred by universities and colleges.
- (education) graduate with bachelor's degree
- (dated) clever person
- (rare) scholar, especially Muslim scholar
Usage notes
The word is part of false friends between Standard Malay and Indonesian due to shared etymology. The Brunei, Malaysia and Singapore usage can be seen in Malay sarjana.
Derived terms
Further reading
- “sarjana” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation — Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic Indonesia, 2016.
Malay
Etymology
From Sanskrit सज्जन (sajjana, “gentleman, virtuous man”).
Pronunciation
- Rhymes: -a
Noun
sarjana (Jawi spelling سرجان, plural sarjana-sarjana, informal 1st possessive sarjanaku, 2nd possessive sarjanamu, 3rd possessive sarjananya)
Usage notes
The word is part of false friends between Standard Malay and Indonesian due to shared etymology. The Indonesian usage can be seen in Indonesian sarjana.
Derived terms
Further reading
- “sarjana” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.