sen

• IPA^(key): /sɛn/

  • Audio (Southern England):

    (file)

• Rhymes: -ɛn

From a syncopation of Middle English selven, selfen, variants of selfe, self. More at self.

sen

1. (Yorkshire, East Midlands) Self.

   "Hear all, see all, say nowt. Eyt all, sup all, pay nowt. An if ivver tha does owt fer nowt, mek sure tha does it fer thi sen."

• mi sen, mysen
• thee sen, thysen
• yoursen, yersen

Borrowed from Japanese 銭(せん) (sen).

sen (plural sens or sen)

1. A unit of Japanese currency, worth one hundredth of a yen.
2. A coin of this value.
   • 2013, Charles F. C. Ladd, Jr., Around the World at Seventeen, page 70:

     Before leaving the Kyndam I had bought in exchange what I thought to be enough yens and sens to see me through.

From Indonesian sen, from Dutch cent, from Old French cent (“hundred”). See further etymology at cent.

sen (plural sens or sen)

1. A unit of Indonesian currency, worth one hundredth of a rupiah.

From Malay sen, from English cent. See further etymology at cent.

sen (plural sens or sen)

1. A unit of Malaysian currency, worth one hundredth of a ringgit.
2. A coin of this value.

From Thai เส้น (sên).

sen (uncountable)

1. A unit of length equal 20 wa, 40 meters.

• ENS, ESN, Ens., NES, SNe, ens

sen (inanimate, plural senal)

1. stone, rock

   senika

   there are a lot of rocks

sen ?

1. mind

• adimen
• buru
• gogo

From Proto-Turkic *sen (“thou”), compare Turkish sen (“you”).

sen

1. you

• “sen”, in Luğatçıq (in Russian)

• IPA^(key):
• Hyphenation: sen
• Rhymes: -ɛn

Inherited from Old Czech sen, from Proto-Slavic *sъ̀nъ, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *súpnas, from Proto-Indo-European *supnós.

sen m inan

1. dream

   Měl jsem o tobě sen. ― I had a dream about you.

   To by mě ani ve snu nenapadlo. ― I wouldn't even dream of that.

   Bylo to jako ze sna. ― It was totally out of a dream.

   Polovinu času tráví ve snách. ― He lives in a dream half the time.

The form sna is usually only used after the preposition ze (ze sna) and the form snách is usually only used after the preposition ve (ve snách).

• vidina f

• “sen”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
• “sen”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
• “sen”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

sen

1. genitive plural of seno (“hay”)

• nes

From Old Norse seinn (“late”), from Proto-Germanic *sainaz, *sainijaz, cognate with Old English sǣne.

• IPA^(key):

sen (neuter sent, plural and definite singular attributive sene)

1. late (proximate in time)
2. belated, tardy
3. slow

From Latin sine. Compare Spanish sin, Italian senza, Portuguese sem and Galician sen.

• Audio:

  (file)

• IPA^(key):
• Hyphenation: sen

sen

1. without

• sen- (“without, -less”)

From Old Galician-Portuguese sem, itself probably from Old Occitan sen (“judgement”).

• IPA^(key): /ˈsen/
• Rhymes: -en
• Syllabification: sen

sen f (plural senis)

1. (anatomy) temple

• Valeš, Miroslav (2021) Diccionariu de A Fala: lagarteiru, mañegu, valverdeñu (web)‎, 2nd edition, Minde, Portugal: CIDLeS, published 2022, →ISBN

• IPA^(key): /ˈsen/,
• Rhymes: -en
• Hyphenation^(key): sen

sen

1. genitive/accusative singular of se

   Elokuva oli muuten hyvä, mutta sen loppu oli hämäävä.

   The film was otherwise good, but its ending was confusing.

   Voisitko tehdä sen?

   Could you do it, please?

   Mitä enemmän, sen parempi.

   The more the better.

   Sen parempaa ei olekaan.

   There is nothing better than it.

• “sen”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-12-01

Inherited from Latin sine.

sen (ORB, broad)

1. without

• sans in DicoFranPro: Dictionnaire Français/Francoprovençal – on dicofranpro.llm.umontreal.ca
• sen in Lo trèsor Arpitan – on arpitan.eu

From Latin sinus.

sen m (plural sens)

1. (anatomy) bosom, breast

• pet

sen f

1. want, need, desire

From Old Galician-Portuguese sen, from Latin sine.

• IPA^(key): /ˈsiŋ/
• Rhymes: -iŋ

sen

1. without

   Antonym: en

From Old Galician-Portuguese sem; either from a substrate language, or more likely from Old Occitan sen (“judgement”) and ultimately from Proto-West Germanic *sinn (“sense, mind”) (cf. Vulgar Latin *sennus).^[1]

• ce, cen, ene

• IPA^(key): /ˈsɛŋ/
• Rhymes: -ɛŋ

sen m (plural sens)

1. (archaic) judgement
2. (anatomy) temple

   Synonyms: tempa, vidalla

Unknown.

• asén

• IPA^(key): /ˈsɛŋ/
• Rhymes: -ɛŋ

sen m (plural sens)

1. (usually in the plural) fly maggots and eggs deposited in meat or food

   Synonyms: careixa, sese, vareixa

• Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, Ana Isabel Boullón Agrelo (2006–2022) “sem”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Xavier Varela Barreiro, Xavier Gómez Guinovart (2006–2018) “sem”, in Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: ILG
• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “sen”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “sen”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “sen”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN

Borrowed from Esperanto sen, French sans, Italian senza, Spanish sin, ultimately from Latin sine.

• IPA^(key): /sen/

sen

1. without (not having)

• IPA^(key):
• Hyphenation: sèn

From Dutch cent, from Old French cent (“hundred”), from Latin centum, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱm̥tóm.

sèn

1. cent

   Dengan redenominasi, Bank Indonesia membangkitkan kembali penggunaan uang sen di tengah masyarakat.

   With the redenomination, Bank Indonesia revives the usage of cents amongst the general population.

• → Min Nan: 占, 仙.

sèn

1. Nonstandard form of sein.

• “sen” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

From Proto-Finnic *se-. Compare Finnish mitä ... sen.

• (Ala-Laukaa) IPA^(key): /ˈsen/,
• (Soikkola) IPA^(key): /ˈsen/,
• Rhymes: -en
• Hyphenation: sen

sen

1. (+ min) Establishes a correlation between multiple comparatives in a sentence; ..., the ...

   Min enemmän siä sööt, sen suuremp siä oot. ― The more you eat, the bigger you are.

   • 1936, L. G. Terehova, V. G. Erdeli, translated by Mihailov and P. I. Maksimov, Geografia: oppikirja iƶoroin alkușkoulun kolmatta klaassaa vart (ensimäine osa), Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-Pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 7:

     Min alemmaal ono päivyt maan päält, sen pitemp on kupahain, a min hää ono ylempään, sen lyhemp ono kupahain.

     The lower the sun is along the earth, the longer is the shadow, and the higher it is, the shorter is the shadow.

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

• (Ala-Laukaa) IPA^(key): /ˈsen/,
• (Soikkola) IPA^(key): /ˈsen/,
• Rhymes: -en
• Hyphenation: sen

sen

1. accusative singular of se
2. (nonstandard) genitive singular of se

sen

1. accusative singular of se
2. (nonstandard) genitive singular of se

• V. I. Junus (1936) Iƶoran Keelen Grammatikka‎, Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 99
• Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 514

• IPA^(key): /sen/
• Rhymes: -en
• Hyphenation: sen

sen

1. (literary, archaic) Contraction of se ne.

• This contraction can be used only before verbs beginning with any consonant except for an impure s.^[1]

• IPA^(key): /sen/
• Rhymes: -en
• Hyphenation: sen

sen

1. Contraction of seno.

sen

1. Rōmaji transcription of せん

Borrowed from Burmese သိန်း (sin:).

sen

1. hundred thousand

• Kurabe, Keita (2016 December 31) “Phonology of Burmese loanwords in Jinghpaw”, in Kyoto University Linguistic Research‎, volume 35, →DOI, →ISSN, pages 91–128

From Portuguese cem.

sen

1. hundred (100)

• sien

From Proto-Turkic *sen.

sen

1. you, thou

• N. A. Baskakov, S.M. Šapšala, editor (1973), “sen”, in Karaimsko-Russko-Polʹskij Slovarʹ [Karaim-Russian-Polish Dictionary], Moscow: Moskva, →ISBN

Borrowed from a Southeastern Asian language. Compare Burmese သိန်း (sin:) and Thai แสน (sɛ̌ɛn).

• IPA^(key): /sen/

sen

1. hundred thousand (100,000)

• When used as a quantifier, sen should be preceded by da (“one”).

• Hkaw Luk (2017) A grammatical sketch of Lacid‎, Chiang Mai: Payap University (master thesis)

sen

1. long ago, for a long time; adverbial form of sens

   tas noticis sen ― it happened long ago

   viņš jau sen dzīvo Rīgā ― he has lived in Riga for a long time

Louisiana Creole cardinal numbers

<  99	100	101  >
Cardinal : sen

Inherited from French cent (“hundred”).

• IPA^(key): /sɑ̃/
• Rhymes: -ɑ̃

sen

1. hundred

• سين

From English cent, from Old French cent (“hundred”), from Latin centum, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱm̥tóm.

• IPA^(key): /sɛn/
• Hyphenation: sèn

sen (Jawi spelling سين, plural sen-sen, informal 1st possessive senku, 2nd possessive senmu, 3rd possessive sennya)

1. cent

• “sen” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.

sen

1. Nonstandard spelling of sēn.
2. Nonstandard spelling of sěn.

• Transcriptions of Mandarin into the Latin script often do not distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without indication of tone.

From Proto-Kuki-Chin *shan, from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *t(y)a-n ~ tsa-n.

sen

1. red

• Matu (Chin) Dictionary by Ropna Saruum, Matupi 2007

sen

1. inflection of wiis:
   1. first/third-person singular present
   2. plural present

• sein

From Old Norse seinn.

sen (neuter singular sent, definite singular and plural sene, comparative senere, indefinite superlative senest, definite superlative seneste)

1. late

• sensommer

• “sen” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
• “sen” in Det Norske Akademis ordbok (NAOB).

• ens, nes

From Old Norse sin, sina, from Proto-Germanic *senawō, from Proto-Indo-European *snḗh₁wr̥ (“sinew, tendon”).

• sene

sen f (definite singular sena, indefinite plural sener, definite plural senene)

1. sinew, tendon

From Japanese 銭.

sen m (plural senen)

1. a Japanese sen

• “sen” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

• ens, nes

• IPA^(key): (13^th CE) /ˈsɛn/
• IPA^(key): (15^th CE) /ˈsɛn/

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *sъ̀nъ.

sen m inan

1. dream

• Czech: sen

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *sь.

sen

1. (archaic) this (nearby)

   Synonym: ten

   sen svět ― this world

• This word was already archaic as some of its forms aren't attested.

• Jan Gebauer (1903–1916) “sen”, in Slovník staročeský (in Czech), Prague: Česká grafická společnost "unie", Česká akademie císaře Františka Josefa pro vědy, slovesnost a umění

sen oblique singular, m (oblique plural sens, nominative singular sens, nominative plural sen)

1. Alternative form of sens

Inherited from Latin sine (“without”).

sen

1. without

• Fala: sin
• Galician: sen
• Portuguese: sem

• Manuel Ferreiro (2014–2024) “sen”, in Universo Cantigas. Edición crítica da poesía medieval galego-portuguesa (in Galician), A Coruña: UDC, →ISSN

From Proto-Celtic *senos, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *sénos.

sen (comparative siniu, superlative sinem)

1. old
2. ancient
   • c. 845, St Gall Glosses on Priscian, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1975, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. II, pp. 49–224, Sg. 9^a22 (Wikisource link)

     Cía for·comam-ni ríagoil sen-Gréc hi scríbunt in dá caractar isnaib ɔsonaib ucut, ro·cruthaigsemmar camaiph immurgu óen charactar – ·f· tar hési ·p· co tinfeth – i n‑epertaib Latinṅdaib.

     Although we preserve the rule of the ancient Greeks in writing the two charac­ters in those conso­nants, we have, however, formed one character – f instead of p with lenition – in Latin words.

When used attributively, sen may precede the noun it modifies, in which case it is uninflected and triggers lenition on the noun.

o/ā-stem
Singular	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	sen	sen	sen
Vocative	sin* sen**
Accusative	sen	sin
Genitive	sin	sine	sin
Dative	siun	sin	siun
Plural	Masculine	Feminine/neuter
Nominative	sin	sena
Vocative	senu sena†
Accusative	senu sena†
Genitive	sen
Dative	senaib
Notes	*modifying a noun whose vocative is different from its nominative **modifying a noun whose vocative is identical to its nominative † not when substantivized

• Middle Irish: sen
  • Irish: sean
  • Manx: shenn
  • Scottish Gaelic: sean

• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “sen”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

From Vulgar Latin *sennus, of Germanic origin, from Frankish *sinn.

sen m (oblique plural sens, nominative singular sens, nominative plural sen)

1. direction; orientation
2. sense; ability to reason

• Occitan: sen

• Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002) “sinnō-”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch, volumes 17: Germanismes: S–Z, page 71

• sēn, sen- (prefix)

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *san. Cognate to Lithuanian su, Latvian sa-, Russian с (s).^[1]

sen

1. (with dative and accusative) with, together with
   • 1561, Martin Luther, translated by Abel Will & Paul Megott, Stas Likuts Catechismus [The Small Catechism], →OCLC, page 79, line 19:

     twais ſwints Engels baūſei ſen māim

     may your holy Angel be with me

In majority of attestations, when the preposition sen is used with nouns and its determinants, the determinant is in dative case and the nouns are in accusative case.

Examples:

sen stesmu wirdan (“with the word”) ⇒ sen + stesmu (dative) + wirdan (accusative);

sen wissamans grīkans (“with all sins”) ⇒ sen + wissamans (dative pl.) + grīkans (accusative pl.);

sen stesma Swintan Scrīsin (“with the Holy Cross”) ⇒ sen + stesma (dative) + Swintan (accusative) + Scrīsin (accusative).^[2]

sen

1. second-person plural present subjunctive of vara

Inherited from Old Polish sen. Doublet of Hypnos.

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɛn
• Syllabification: sen

sen m inan (related adjective senny or (rare) snowy)

1. sleep (state of reduced consciousness)

   Synonym: kima

2. dream (imaginary events seen while sleeping)

   Synonyms: mara, senne marzenie

3. (figurative) dream (hope or wish)

   Synonyms: marzenie, rojenie

• sen in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• sen in Polish dictionaries at PWN
• Dr Nadmorski (Józef Łęgowski) (1889) “sen”, in “Spis wyrazów właściwych gwarze malborskiej i kociewskiej”, in Wisła. Miesięcznik Geograficzno-Etnograficzny (in Polish), volume 3 z.4, page 747

sen

1. second-person plural or formal singular present indicative of si

Borrowed from French sen.

sen m (plural seni)

1. sen (Japanese currency)

• si (Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan)
• se (Sutsilvan, Surmiran)
• sü (Puter, Vallader)

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

sen

1. (Sutsilvan, Surmiran) up, upward, upwards

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *sъ̀nъ.

• IPA^(key): /ˈsɛn/

sen m inan (genitive singular sna, nominative plural sny, genitive plural snov, declension pattern of dub)

1. dream

• snový
• sník, sníček

• “sen”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2003–2024

sen m (plural senes)

1. senna

From Japanese 銭.

sen m

1. sen (hundredth of a yen)

Abbreviation of seno (“sine”).

sen

1. (mathematics) a symbol of the trigonometric function sine

• “sen”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10

From Old Norse seinn (“late”).

• IPA^(key): /seːn/

sen (comparative senare, superlative senast)

1. late

   en sen kväll

   a late evening

   Jag är redan sen till ett möte

   I’m already late for a meeting

• tidig

Syncopic form of sedan, from Old Swedish siþan, from Old Norse síðan.

• IPA^(key): /sɛn/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Homophone: zen

sen (not comparable)

1. (somewhat colloquial) Alternative form of sedan

   Först gjorde vi si, och sen gjorde vi så

   First we did like this, and then we did like that

• sen in Svensk ordbok (SO)
• sen in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
• sen in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)

• ens, sne

From English chain.

sen

1. chain

From English cent.

sen

1. cent

• → Rotokas: sieri

From Ottoman Turkish سن (sen, “thou”), from Proto-Turkic *sen (“thou”). Cognate to siz (“you”) derived from the same root. Compare Old Turkic 𐰾𐰤 (sen, “you”), Karakhanid سَنْ (sen, “you”).

• IPA^(key): /sen/,

• Audio:

  (file)

sen

1. you (singular, informal), thou

• It is one of the two words that have irregular dative case declension. (The other words are ben and biz also have irregular genitive case declension.)

Inflection
Nominative	sen
Definite accusative	seni
	Singular	Plural
Nominative	sen	siz
Definite accusative	seni	sizi
Dative	sana	size
Locative	sende	sizde
Ablative	senden	sizden
Genitive	senin	sizin

• siz
• -sin

From Proto-Turkic *sen (“thou”).

sen

1. (personal) you (singular, informal)

sen

1. Latin (ULY) transcription of سەن (sen)

• (Hà Nội) IPA^(key):
• (Huế) IPA^(key): ~
• (Saigon) IPA^(key): ~

From Old Chinese 蓮 (OC *k.ˤe) (B-S) (SV: liên).

Compare the village name Kim Liên 金蓮 (MC kim len), whose demotic name (tên Nôm) is Sen.

(classifier cây, bông, hoa) sen • (𬞮)

1. lotus

Possibly from French jeune servante (“young maidservant”). Attested since 19th century.^[1]

(classifier con) sen

1. a maidservant
   • 1936, Vũ Trọng Phụng, Cơm Thầy Cơm Cô (Master's Food, Mistress's Food), Ch 4. "Cuốn Tiểu Thuyết của Con Sen Đũi (The Novella of Đũi the Maidservant)"

     Trong khi ngồi trước đèn để thuật lại câu chuyện này, tôi cũng muốn cho mơ màng để cái cuộc giãi bày tâm sự của con sen có được một chút thi vị

     While sitting before the lamp to recount this story, I also want to make it dreamy so that the maidservant's pouring her heart out shall have a little bit of poetic beauty.

   Synonym: Ô-sin; người giúp việc; người ở

From Etymology 2, with owners of cats and dogs perceived humorously as servants to their pets.^[2]

(classifier con) sen

1. (slang, humorous) Owner of cat or dog.

• Rhymes: -ɛn

sen (not mutable)

1. Contraction of basen.