. In DICTIOUS you will not only get to know all the dictionary meanings for the word
, but we will also tell you about its etymology, its characteristics and you will know how to say
in singular and plural. Everything you need to know about the word
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will help you to be more precise and correct when speaking or writing your texts. Knowing the definition of
, as well as those of other words, enriches your vocabulary and provides you with more and better linguistic resources.
English
Etymology
Borrowing from Middle French sentence, from Latin sententia (“way of thinking, opinion, sentiment”), from sentiēns, present participle of sentiō (“to feel, think”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *sent- (“to feel”).
Pronunciation
Noun
sentence (plural sentences)
- (dated) The decision or judgement of a jury or court; a verdict.
The court returned a sentence of guilt in the first charge, but innocence in the second.
1959 October, Colin G. Maggs, “The Bristol-Frome branch of the W.R.”, in Trains Illustrated, page 473:A branch that has played a significant part in the history of its territory is under sentence at the end of the summer timetables, so far as its passenger services are concerned.
- The judicial order for a punishment to be imposed on a person convicted of a crime.
The judge declared a sentence of death by hanging for the infamous child rapist.
1900, Charles W[addell] Chesnutt, chapter I, in The House Behind the Cedars, Boston, Mass., New York, N.Y.: Houghton, Mifflin and Company , →OCLC:The murderer, he recalled, had been tried and sentenced to imprisonment for life, but was pardoned by a merciful governor after serving a year of his sentence.
- A punishment imposed on a person convicted of a crime.
- (obsolete) A saying, especially from a great person; a maxim, an apophthegm.
- (grammar) A grammatically complete series of words consisting of a subject and predicate, even if one or the other is implied, and, in modern writing, when using e.g. the Latin, Greek or Cyrillic alphabets, typically beginning with a capital letter and ending with a full stop or other punctuation.
- Hypernym: syntagma
The children were made to construct sentences consisting of nouns and verbs from the list on the chalkboard.
- (logic) A formula with no free variables.
- (computing theory) Any of the set of strings that can be generated by a given formal grammar.
- (obsolete) Sense; meaning; significance.
1649, J[ohn] Milton, ΕΙΚΟΝΟΚΛΆΣΤΗΣ , London: Matthew Simmons, , →OCLC:now to the discourse itself, voluble enough, and full of sentence, but that, for the most part, either specious rather than solid, or to his cause nothing pertinent.
- (obsolete) One's opinion; manner of thinking.
- (archaic) A pronounced opinion or judgment on a given question.
1596, Edward Topsell, The Reward of Religion: Deliuered in Sundry Lectures Vpon the Booke of Ruth : Wherein the Godly May See Their Dayly Both Inward and Outward Trials : with the Presence of God to Assist Them, and His Mercies to Recompence Them [...], London: John Windet, published 1601, page 1:[I]f it may bee lawfull to iudge or giue any ſentence thereof, it [the author of the book of Ruth] was either Samuell, or ſome other godly Prophet vnder the raigne of Saule, [...]
Synonyms
Hypernyms
Hyponyms
Derived terms
Related terms
Translations
- Arabic: حُكْم (ar) m (ḥukm)
- Armenian: դատավճիռ (hy) (datavčiṙ)
- Azerbaijani: hökm (az)
- Belarusian: пры́суд m (prýsud), пры́гавар m (prýhavar), прыгаво́р m (pryhavór), вы́рак m (výrak)
- Bulgarian: присъ́да (bg) f (prisǎ́da)
- Catalan: sentència (ca) f
- Cebuano: sentensya, desisyon
- Chinese:
- Mandarin: 判刑 (zh) (pànxíng), 判決/判决 (zh) (pànjué)
- Czech: rozsudek (cs) m
- Danish: dom (da) c
- Dutch: vonnis (nl) n, uitspraak (nl) f, oordeel (nl) n
- Estonian: kohtuotsus
- Finnish: päätös (fi), ratkaisu (fi), tuomio (fi)
- French: jugement (fr) m, peine (fr) f
- Georgian: განაჩენი (ganačeni), სასამართლო განაჩენი (sasamartlo ganačeni), გადაწყვეტილება (gadac̣q̇veṭileba), სასამართლო გადაწყვეტილება (sasamartlo gadac̣q̇veṭileba)
- German: Urteil (de) n
- Hebrew: מִשְׁפָּט (he) m (mishpát), דִּין (he) m (din)
- Hindi: सज़ा f (sazā), निर्णय (hi) m (nirṇay), फ़ैसला m (faislā)
- Hungarian: ítélet (hu)
- Indonesian: vonis (id)
- Interlingua: sententia
- Italian: condanna (it) f, sentenza (it) f
- Japanese: 判決 (ja) (はんけつ, hanketsu), 宣告 (ja) (せんこく, senkoku)
- Kazakh: үкім (ükım)
- Khmer: សាលក្រម (km) (saal krɑm)
- Korean: 판결(判決) (ko) (pan'gyeol), 선고(宣告) (ko) (seon'go)
- Kyrgyz: өкүм (ky) (öküm)
- Lao: ການຕັດສິນ (kān tat sin)
- Latvian: spriedums m
- Lithuanian: nuosprendis (lt) m
- Macedonian: пресуда f (presuda)
- Malayalam: വിധി (ml) (vidhi)
- Norman: condamnâtion f
- Norwegian:
- Bokmål: domsslutning m, dom (no) m
- Pashto: حکم (ps) m (hokm), فيصله (ps) f (faysala)
- Persian:
- Classical Persian: حُکْم (fa) (hukm), فَیْصَلَه (fa) (faysala)
- Iranian Persian: حُکْم (fa) (hokm), فِیْصِلِه (fa) (feysele)
- Polish: wyrok (pl) m, orzeczenie (pl) n
- Portuguese: sentença (pt) f
- Romanian: sentință (ro) f, verdict (ro) n
- Russian: пригово́р (ru) m (prigovór)
- Scottish Gaelic: binn f, breith f
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic: пре̏суда f
- Roman: prȅsuda (sh) f
- Slovak: rozsudok m
- Slovene: sodba f, razsodba f
- Spanish: sentencia (es) f, condena (es) f
- Swahili: kifungo (sw)
- Swedish: dom (sv) c
- Tagalog: desisyon, hatol, pasiya, sentensya
- Tajik: ҳукм (hukm)
- Tatar: хөкем (tt) (xökem)
- Thai: คำพิพากษา (th) (kam-pí-pâak-sǎa)
- Turkish: hüküm (tr)
- Turkmen: höküm
- Ukrainian: ви́рок (uk) m (výrok), при́суд m (prýsud), при́говор m (prýhovor)
- Urdu: حُکْم (ur) m (hukm), فَیصْلَہ m (faisla), سَزا f (sazā)
- Uyghur: ھۆكۈم (höküm)
- Uzbek: hukm (uz)
- Vietnamese: bản án (vi)
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judicial order for punishment
punishment imposed on a person convicted of a crime
— see also punishment
- Belarusian: вы́рак m (výrak), ка́ра f (kára)
- Bulgarian: присъ́да (bg) f (prisǎ́da)
- Catalan: sentència (ca) f
- Cebuano: sentensya
- Czech: rozsudek (cs) m, trest (cs) m
- Dutch: straf (nl) f
- Esperanto: kondamno
- Finnish: tuomio (fi), rangaistus (fi)
- French: peine (fr) f, sentence (fr) f
- Georgian: სასჯელი (sasǯeli)
- German: Strafe (de) f
- Hindi: दंड (hi) m (daṇḍ), सज़ा f (sazā)
- Hungarian: büntetés (hu)
- Ilocano: sentensia
- Indonesian: (please verify) keputusan hukum , (please verify) vonis (id)
- Interlingua: pena
- Italian: pena (it) f, sentenza (it) f
- Japanese: 判決 (ja) (はんけつ, hanketsu)
- Kazakh: үкім (ükım)
- Khmer: ទណ្ឌវាទ (tŏəndĕəʼviət)
- Korean: 판결(判決) (ko) (pan'gyeol)
- Kyrgyz: өкүм (ky) (öküm)
- Macedonian: пресуда f (presuda)
- Malayalam: ശിക്ഷ (ml) (śikṣa)
- Maori: whiunga
- Mongolian:
- Cyrillic: шийтгэл (mn) (šiitgel), ял (mn) (jal)
- Norwegian:
- Bokmål: straff (no) m
- Pangasinan: sentensia
- Persian:
- Iranian Persian: مُجازات (fa) (mojâzât), جَزا (fa) (jazâ), حُکْم (fa) (hokm)
- Polish: wyrok (pl) m
- Portuguese: pena (pt) f, sentença (pt) f
- Romanian: sentință (ro) f
- Russian: наказа́ние (ru) n (nakazánije)
- Scottish Gaelic: binn f, peanas f
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic: о̏суда f
- Roman: ȍsuda (sh) f
- Slovak: rozsudok m
- Slovene: kazen (sl) f
- Spanish: sentencia (es) f, punición (es) f, condena (es) f, pena (es) f
- Swedish: straff (sv) n
- Tajik: муҷозот (mujozot), ҷазо (jazo), ҳукм (hukm)
- Telugu: శిక్ష (te) (śikṣa)
- Turkish: hüküm (tr), ceza (tr)
- Ukrainian: ви́рок (uk) (výrok), ка́ра f (kára)
- Urdu: سَزا f (sazā)
- Vietnamese: án (vi)
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saying, especially from a great person
grammatically complete series of words consisting of a subject and predicate
- Afrikaans: sin (af)
- Albanian: fjali (sq) f
- Amharic: ዓረፍተ ነገር (ʿaräftä nägär)
- Arabic: جُمْلَة (ar) f (jumla)
- Egyptian Arabic: جملة f (gumla)
- Armenian: նախադասություն (hy) (naxadasutʿyun)
- Asturian: fras (ast) f, frase (ast) f
- Azerbaijani: cümlə (az)
- Balinese: lengkara
- Bashkir: һөйләм (höyləm)
- Basque: esaldi, perpaus (eu)
- Belarusian: сказ m (skaz), фра́за f (fráza)
- Bengali: বাক্য (bn) (bakko)
- Bikol Central: pangurulay
- Breton: frazenn (br) f
- Bulgarian: изрече́ние (bg) n (izrečénie), фра́за (bg) f (fráza)
- Burmese: ဝါကျ (my) (wa-kya.)
- Catalan: frase (ca) f, sentència (ca) f
- Cebuano: kapahayag
- Central Dusun: ayat
- Chichewa: chiganizo
- Chinese:
- Cantonese: 句子 (geoi3 zi2)
- Dungan: дуар (duar)
- Hokkien: 語句/语句 (gír-kù / gú-kù / gí-kù)
- Mandarin: 句子 (zh) (jùzi), 語句/语句 (zh) (yǔjù)
- Czech: věta (cs) f, sentence (cs) f
- Danish: sætning (da) c
- Dutch: zin (nl) m, volzin (nl)
- Esperanto: frazo (eo)
- Estonian: lause (et)
- Finnish: lause (fi), virke (fi)
- French: phrase (fr) f
- Georgian: წინადადება (c̣inadadeba)
- German: Satz (de) m
- Greek: πρόταση (el) f (prótasi)
- Hebrew: מִשְׁפָּט (he) m (mishpat)
- Hindi: वाक्य (hi) m (vākya)
- Hungarian: mondat (hu)
- Icelandic: setning (is) f, málsgrein (is) f
- Indonesian: kalimat (id)
- Ingrian: sanomus
- Interlingua: phrase (ia)
- Irish: abairt (ga) f
- Italian: frase (it) f
- Japanese: 文 (ja) (ぶん, bun), 文章 (ja) (ぶんしょう, bunshō), センテンス (ja) (sentensu)
- Javanese:
- Carakan: ꦲꦸꦏꦫ (ukara)
- Rumi: ukara (jv)
- Kalmyk: зәңг (zäñg)
- Kannada: ವಾಕ್ಯ (kn) (vākya)
- Kazakh: сөйлем (söilem), ұсыным (ūsynym)
- Khmer: ល្បះ (km) (lbah), ប្រយោគ (km) (prɑyook), ឃ្លា (km) (khliə)
- Korean: 문장(文章) (ko) (munjang), 센텐스 (sentenseu)
- Kumyk: жумла (jumla)
- Kurdish:
- Northern Kurdish: hevok (ku) f
- Kyrgyz: сүйлөм (ky) (süylöm)
- Ladino: fraza
- Lao: ປະໂຫຍກ (pa nyōk)
- Latin: sententia f
- Latvian: teikums m
- Lithuanian: sakinys (lt) m
- Luxembourgish: Saz m
- Macedonian: реченица f (rečenica)
- Malay: ayat (ms), kalimat
- Malayalam: വാക്യം (ml) (vākyaṁ)
- Maltese: sentenza f
- Maori: haurārangi, rerenga kōrero
- Marathi: वाक्य n (vākya)
- Mongolian:
- Cyrillic: өгүүлбэр (mn) (ögüülber)
- Mongolian: ᠥᠭᠦᠯᠡᠪᠦᠷᠢ (ögülebüri)
- Norwegian:
- Bokmål: setning (no) m or f
- Old English: cwide m
- Pashto: جمله (ps) f (jomla)
- Persian:
- Classical Persian: جُمْلَه (fa) (jumla)
- Iranian Persian: جُمْلِه (fa) (jomle)
- Polish: zdanie (pl) n
- Portuguese: frase (pt) f
- Romanian: propoziție (ro) f, frază (ro) f
- Russian: предложе́ние (ru) n (predložénije), фра́за (ru) f (fráza)
- Sanskrit: वाक्य (sa) n (vākya)
- Scottish Gaelic: rosg-rann f, seantans m
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic: речѐница f
- Roman: rečènica (sh) f
- Sinhalese: වාක්යය (si) (wākyaya)
- Slovak: veta f
- Slovene: stavek (sl) m, poved f
- Southern Altai: эрмек (ermek)
- Spanish: oración (es) f
- Swahili: sentensi (sw)
- Swedish: mening (sv) c, fras (sv) c, sättning (sv) c
- Tagalog: pangungusap
- Tajik: ҷумла (tg) (jumla)
- Tatar: җөмлә (tt) (cömlä)
- Telugu: వాక్యము (te) (vākyamu)
- Thai: ประโยค (th) (bprà-yòok)
- Tibetan: ཙིག་གྲུབ (tsig grub)
- Turkish: cümle (tr), tümce (tr)
- Turkmen: sözlem, höküm, jümle
- Ukrainian: ре́чення (uk) n (réčennja), фра́за f (fráza)
- Urdu: جُمْلَہ m (jumla)
- Uyghur: جۈملە (jümle)
- Uzbek: jumla (uz), gap (uz)
- Vietnamese: câu (vi)
- Welsh: brawddeg (cy) f
- Yiddish: זאַץ m (zats)
- Zhuang: coenz
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(rare) someone's pronounced opinion or judgement on a given question
Translations to be checked
Verb
sentence (third-person singular simple present sentences, present participle sentencing, simple past and past participle sentenced)
- To declare a sentence on a convicted person; to condemn to punishment.
The judge sentenced the embezzler to ten years in prison, along with a hefty fine.
- Synonym: pass sentence
- 1900, Charles W. Chesnutt, The House Behind the Cedars, Chapter I,
- The murderer, he recalled, had been tried and sentenced to imprisonment for life, but was pardoned by a merciful governor after serving a year of his sentence.
2005, Elizabeth Economy, “Environmental Enforcement in China”, in Kristen A. Day, editor, China's Environment and the Challenge of Sustainable Development, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL, page 109:Moreover, in 2002 two EPB officials in Yangcheng County, Shanxi Province, were sentenced to jail for failing to stop a chemical plant from discharging toxic waste into the drinking-water system.
2006 June 16, “China holds closed trial for researcher - Asia - Pacific - International Herald Tribune”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2023-08-05, ASIA PACIFIC:On Thursday, a court in south China's Hunan province sentenced a Chinese journalist, Yang Xiaoqing, to one year in jail for extortion after he wrote articles about official corruption.
- (especially law or poetic) To decree, announce, or pass as a sentence.
1874, Ella Taylor Disosway, South Meadows: A Tale of Long Ago, page 235:“We are empowered to deliver thee to prison; yea, the law commands us to sentence death upon the abettors of this mischief. […] "
1977, Eugene B. Meier, How was the Acculturation of Children of Alt Lutheraner Descent in Wisconsin 1843 - 1915 Affected by the Relationship of Home and Market?: A Case Study, page 150:So as far as the older generation of German Lutherans were concerned, the abolition of the mother language sentenced death upon the church as they knew it.
1991, Joe Wayman, If You Promise Not to Tell, Pieces of Learning, →ISBN, page 36:But little did I know, As I cleared away that snow, I'd sentenced death upon that rose, For late that night it simply froze. I'd taken its one chance away, As I stripped it of its quilt that day. I learned a lesson late that night, ...
- 1996, United States. Court of Appeals (9th Circuit), Annual Report of the Ninth Circuit, page 137:
- upholding Idaho statute mandating that court "shall" sentence death upon finding an aggravating circumstance "unless" it finds outweighing mitigating circumstances because satisfies individualized sentencing requirement
- (obsolete) To utter sententiously.
1623, Owen Feltham, Resolves: Divine, Moral, Political:Let me heare one wise man sentence it, rather then twenty Fooles, garrulous in their lengthened tattle.
Derived terms
Translations
declare a sentence on a convicted person
- Arabic: حَكَمَ (ar) (ḥakama), أَدَانَ (ʔadāna)
- Armenian: դատապարտել (hy) (datapartel)
- Azerbaijani: məhkum etmək
- Belarusian: прыгаво́рваць impf (pryhavórvacʹ), прыгавары́ць pf (pryhavarýcʹ), прысу́джваць impf (prysúdžvacʹ), прысудзі́ць pf (prysudzícʹ)
- Bulgarian: осъ́ждам (bg) impf (osǎ́ždam), осъ́дя pf (osǎ́dja)
- Catalan: sentenciar (ca)
- Chinese:
- Mandarin: 判處/判处 (zh) (pànchǔ)
- Czech: odsuzovat (cs) impf, odsoudit (cs) pf
- Danish: dømme
- Dutch: veroordelen (nl), straffen (nl)
- Esperanto: kondamni
- Estonian: mõistma (et)
- Finnish: tuomita (fi)
- French: punir (fr), condamner (fr)
- German: verurteilen (de)
- Hungarian: elítél (hu)
- Indonesian: (please verify) memutuskan (id) , (please verify) memvonis (id) , menyatakan bersalah
- Interlingua: sententiar
- Irish: daor
- Italian: condannare (it)
- Japanese: 判決を下す (はんけつをくだす, hanketsu o kudasu), 宣告する (ja) (せんこくする, senkoku suru)
- Korean: 선고하다 (ko) (seon'gohada)
- Latin: addīcō
- Macedonian: пресудува impf (presuduva), пресуди pf (presudi), досудува impf (dosuduva), досуди pf (dosudi), осудува impf (osuduva), осуди pf (osudi)
- Marathi: शिक्षा सुनावणे (śikṣā sunāvṇe)
- Norman: condamner
- Norwegian:
- Bokmål: dømme (no)
- Old English: dēman
- Persian: محکوم کردن (fa) (mahkum kardan)
- Polish: skazywać (pl) impf, skazać (pl) pf
- Portuguese: sentenciar (pt)
- Romanian: condamna (ro)
- Russian: пригова́ривать (ru) impf (prigovárivatʹ), приговори́ть (ru) pf (prigovorítʹ), осужда́ть (ru) impf (osuždátʹ), осуди́ть (ru) pf (osudítʹ)
- Scottish Gaelic: daor
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic: пресуђи́вати impf, пресу́дити pf, осуђи́вати impf, осу́дити pf
- Roman: presuđívati impf, presúditi (sh) pf, osuđívati (sh) impf, osúditi (sh) pf
- Slovak: odsudzovať impf, odsúdiť pf
- Slovene: obsoditi pf
- Spanish: sentenciar (es), condenar (es)
- Swahili: kifungo (sw)
- Swedish: avkunna dom, döma (sv)
- Turkish: hüküm vermek (tr), hüküm giydirmek, mahkum etmek (tr)
- Ukrainian: засу́джувати impf (zasúdžuvaty), засуди́ти pf (zasudýty), прису́джувати impf (prysúdžuvaty), присуди́ти pf (prysudýty)
- Welsh: dedfrydu (cy)
- Yiddish: פֿאַרמשפּטן (farmishpetn)
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Further reading
- “sentence”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
- “sentence”, in The Century Dictionary , New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911, →OCLC.
Czech
Pronunciation
- IPA(key):
- Hyphenation: sen‧ten‧ce
Noun
sentence f
- sentence (formula with no free variables)
- sentence (grammar)
- Synonym: věta
Declension
Declension of sentence (soft feminine)
French
Etymology
Inherited from Old French sentence, itself borrowed from Latin sententia.
Pronunciation
Noun
sentence f (plural sentences)
- sentence
- verdict
- maxim, saying, adage
Further reading
Latvian
Noun
sentence f (5th declension)
- aphorism
- maxim
Declension
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Declension of sentence (5th declension)
Synonyms
Middle French
Etymology
From Latin sententia.
Noun
sentence f (plural sentences)
- sentence (judgement; verdict)
1532, François Rabelais, Pantagruel:[…] puis retourna s'asseoir et commença pronuncer la sentence comme s'ensuyt :- then went back and sat down and started to give the verdict as follows:
- sentence (grammatically complete series of words)