servitus

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Latin

Etymology

From servus +‎ -tūs.

Pronunciation

Noun

servitūs f (genitive servitūtis); third declension

  1. slavery, servitude
    Synonyms: servitūdō, servitium
    Antonym: lībertās
    • 405 CE, Jerome, Vulgate Exodus.20.2:
      Ego sum Dominus Deus tuus, qui eduxi te de terra Aegypti, de domo servitutis.
      I am the LORD thy God, which have brought thee out of the land of Egypt, out of the house of bondage.
  2. a body of slaves
  3. (law) a servitude (encumbrance on land)
  4. (Medieval Latin) vassaldom
  5. (Medieval Latin) worship, religious ministry
  6. (Medieval Latin) a tax paid on land

Declension

Third-declension noun.

Case Singular Plural
Nominative servitūs servitūtēs
Genitive servitūtis servitūtum
Dative servitūtī servitūtibus
Accusative servitūtem servitūtēs
Ablative servitūte servitūtibus
Vocative servitūs servitūtēs

Derived terms

Descendants

  • Catalan: servitud
  • Italian: servitù
  • Portuguese: servitude
  • Spanish: servitud

References

  • “servitus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “servitus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • servitus in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
  • servitus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
  • Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
    • to languish in slavery: servitute premi (Phil. 4. 1. 3)
    • to enslave a free people: liberum populum servitute afficere
    • to reduce to slavery: aliquem in servitutem redigere
    • to lay the yoke of slavery on some one: alicui servitutem iniungere, imponere
    • to keep the citizens in servile subjection: civitatem servitute oppressam tenere (Dom. 51. 131)
    • to carry off into slavery: aliquem in servitutem abducere, abstrahere
    • to submit to the yoke of slavery: iugum servitutis accipere
    • to shake off the yoke of slavery: iugum servitutis excutere
    • to shake off the yoke of slavery: servitutem exuere (Liv. 34. 7)
    • to deliver some one from slavery: ab aliquo servitutem or servitutis iugum depellere
  • “servitus”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • “servitus”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin
  • R. E. Latham, D. R. Howlett, & R. K. Ashdowne, editors (1975–2013), “servitus”, in Dictionary of Medieval Latin from British Sources‎, London: Oxford University Press for the British Academy, →ISBN, →OCLC
  • Niermeyer, Jan Frederik (1976) “servitus”, in Mediae Latinitatis Lexicon Minus, Leiden, Boston: E. J. Brill, page 967
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