shaqa

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Zulu

Etymology

Ideophone.

Pronunciation 1

IPA(key): /ˈʃaǃa/

Ideophone

shaqa

  1. of amazement, astonishment
  2. of clearing in one sweep
  3. of contracting, shrinking together
  4. of being stringent, acrid, sour

Pronunciation 2

IPA(key): /ʃaːǃa/

Verb

-shaqa

  1. to amaze, astonish, shock
  2. to clear in one sweep
  3. to contract, shrink together
  4. to be acrid, sour, pungent
Inflection
Tone L
Infinitive ukushaqa
Positive Negative
Infinitive ukushaqa ukungashaqi
Imperative
Simple + object concord
Singular shaqa -shaqe
Plural shaqani -shaqeni
Present
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngiyashaqa, ngishaqa engishaqayo, engishaqa ngishaqa angishaqi engingashaqi ngingashaqi
2nd singular uyashaqa, ushaqa oshaqayo, oshaqa ushaqa awushaqi ongashaqi ungashaqi
1st plural siyashaqa, sishaqa esishaqayo, esishaqa sishaqa asishaqi esingashaqi singashaqi
2nd plural niyashaqa, nishaqa enishaqayo, enishaqa nishaqa anishaqi eningashaqi ningashaqi
Class 1 uyashaqa, ushaqa oshaqayo, oshaqa eshaqa akashaqi ongashaqi engashaqi
Class 2 bayashaqa, bashaqa abashaqayo, abashaqa beshaqa abashaqi abangashaqi bengashaqi
Class 3 uyashaqa, ushaqa oshaqayo, oshaqa ushaqa awushaqi ongashaqi ungashaqi
Class 4 iyashaqa, ishaqa eshaqayo, eshaqa ishaqa ayishaqi engashaqi ingashaqi
Class 5 liyashaqa, lishaqa elishaqayo, elishaqa lishaqa alishaqi elingashaqi lingashaqi
Class 6 ayashaqa, ashaqa ashaqayo, ashaqa eshaqa awashaqi angashaqi engashaqi
Class 7 siyashaqa, sishaqa esishaqayo, esishaqa sishaqa asishaqi esingashaqi singashaqi
Class 8 ziyashaqa, zishaqa ezishaqayo, ezishaqa zishaqa azishaqi ezingashaqi zingashaqi
Class 9 iyashaqa, ishaqa eshaqayo, eshaqa ishaqa ayishaqi engashaqi ingashaqi
Class 10 ziyashaqa, zishaqa ezishaqayo, ezishaqa zishaqa azishaqi ezingashaqi zingashaqi
Class 11 luyashaqa, lushaqa olushaqayo, olushaqa lushaqa alushaqi olungashaqi lungashaqi
Class 14 buyashaqa, bushaqa obushaqayo, obushaqa bushaqa abushaqi obungashaqi bungashaqi
Class 15 kuyashaqa, kushaqa okushaqayo, okushaqa kushaqa akushaqi okungashaqi kungashaqi
Class 17 kuyashaqa, kushaqa okushaqayo, okushaqa kushaqa akushaqi okungashaqi kungashaqi
Recent past
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngishaqile, ngishaqē engishaqile, engishaqē ngishaqile, ngishaqē angishaqanga engingashaqanga ngingashaqanga
2nd singular ushaqile, ushaqē oshaqile, oshaqē ushaqile, ushaqē awushaqanga ongashaqanga ungashaqanga
1st plural sishaqile, sishaqē esishaqile, esishaqē sishaqile, sishaqē asishaqanga esingashaqanga singashaqanga
2nd plural nishaqile, nishaqē enishaqile, enishaqē nishaqile, nishaqē anishaqanga eningashaqanga ningashaqanga
Class 1 ushaqile, ushaqē oshaqile, oshaqē eshaqile, eshaqē akashaqanga ongashaqanga engashaqanga
Class 2 bashaqile, bashaqē abashaqile, abashaqē beshaqile, beshaqē abashaqanga abangashaqanga bengashaqanga
Class 3 ushaqile, ushaqē oshaqile, oshaqē ushaqile, ushaqē awushaqanga ongashaqanga ungashaqanga
Class 4 ishaqile, ishaqē eshaqile, eshaqē ishaqile, ishaqē ayishaqanga engashaqanga ingashaqanga
Class 5 lishaqile, lishaqē elishaqile, elishaqē lishaqile, lishaqē alishaqanga elingashaqanga lingashaqanga
Class 6 ashaqile, ashaqē ashaqile, ashaqē eshaqile, eshaqē awashaqanga angashaqanga engashaqanga
Class 7 sishaqile, sishaqē esishaqile, esishaqē sishaqile, sishaqē asishaqanga esingashaqanga singashaqanga
Class 8 zishaqile, zishaqē ezishaqile, ezishaqē zishaqile, zishaqē azishaqanga ezingashaqanga zingashaqanga
Class 9 ishaqile, ishaqē eshaqile, eshaqē ishaqile, ishaqē ayishaqanga engashaqanga ingashaqanga
Class 10 zishaqile, zishaqē ezishaqile, ezishaqē zishaqile, zishaqē azishaqanga ezingashaqanga zingashaqanga
Class 11 lushaqile, lushaqē olushaqile, olushaqē lushaqile, lushaqē alushaqanga olungashaqanga lungashaqanga
Class 14 bushaqile, bushaqē obushaqile, obushaqē bushaqile, bushaqē abushaqanga obungashaqanga bungashaqanga
Class 15 kushaqile, kushaqē okushaqile, okushaqē kushaqile, kushaqē akushaqanga okungashaqanga kungashaqanga
Class 17 kushaqile, kushaqē okushaqile, okushaqē kushaqile, kushaqē akushaqanga okungashaqanga kungashaqanga
Remote past
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngāshaqa engāshaqa ngāshaqa angishaqanga engingashaqanga ngingashaqanga
2nd singular wāshaqa owāshaqa wāshaqa awushaqanga ongashaqanga ungashaqanga
1st plural sāshaqa esāshaqa sāshaqa asishaqanga esingashaqanga singashaqanga
2nd plural nāshaqa enāshaqa nāshaqa anishaqanga eningashaqanga ningashaqanga
Class 1 wāshaqa owāshaqa āshaqa akashaqanga ongashaqanga engashaqanga
Class 2 bāshaqa abāshaqa bāshaqa abashaqanga abangashaqanga bengashaqanga
Class 3 wāshaqa owāshaqa wāshaqa awushaqanga ongashaqanga ungashaqanga
Class 4 yāshaqa eyāshaqa yāshaqa ayishaqanga engashaqanga ingashaqanga
Class 5 lāshaqa elāshaqa lāshaqa alishaqanga elingashaqanga lingashaqanga
Class 6 āshaqa āshaqa āshaqa awashaqanga angashaqanga engashaqanga
Class 7 sāshaqa esāshaqa sāshaqa asishaqanga esingashaqanga singashaqanga
Class 8 zāshaqa ezāshaqa zāshaqa azishaqanga ezingashaqanga zingashaqanga
Class 9 yāshaqa eyāshaqa yāshaqa ayishaqanga engashaqanga ingashaqanga
Class 10 zāshaqa ezāshaqa zāshaqa azishaqanga ezingashaqanga zingashaqanga
Class 11 lwāshaqa olwāshaqa lwāshaqa alushaqanga olungashaqanga lungashaqanga
Class 14 bāshaqa obāshaqa bāshaqa abushaqanga obungashaqanga bungashaqanga
Class 15 kwāshaqa okwāshaqa kwāshaqa akushaqanga okungashaqanga kungashaqanga
Class 17 kwāshaqa okwāshaqa kwāshaqa akushaqanga okungashaqanga kungashaqanga
Potential
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngingashaqa — ngingashaqa ngingeshaqe — ngingeshaqe
2nd singular ungashaqa — ungashaqa ungeshaqe — ungeshaqe
1st plural singashaqa — singashaqa singeshaqe — singeshaqe
2nd plural ningashaqa — ningashaqa ningeshaqe — ningeshaqe
Class 1 angashaqa — engashaqa angeshaqe — engeshaqe
Class 2 bangashaqa — bengashaqa bangeshaqe — bengeshaqe
Class 3 ungashaqa — ungashaqa ungeshaqe — ungeshaqe
Class 4 ingashaqa — ingashaqa ingeshaqe — ingeshaqe
Class 5 lingashaqa — lingashaqa lingeshaqe — lingeshaqe
Class 6 angashaqa — engashaqa angeshaqe — engeshaqe
Class 7 singashaqa — singashaqa singeshaqe — singeshaqe
Class 8 zingashaqa — zingashaqa zingeshaqe — zingeshaqe
Class 9 ingashaqa — ingashaqa ingeshaqe — ingeshaqe
Class 10 zingashaqa — zingashaqa zingeshaqe — zingeshaqe
Class 11 lungashaqa — lungashaqa lungeshaqe — lungeshaqe
Class 14 bungashaqa — bungashaqa bungeshaqe — bungeshaqe
Class 15 kungashaqa — kungashaqa kungeshaqe — kungeshaqe
Class 17 kungashaqa — kungashaqa kungeshaqe — kungeshaqe
Immediate future
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngizoshaqa engizoshaqa ngizoshaqa angizushaqa engingezushaqa ngingezushaqa
2nd singular uzoshaqa ozoshaqa uzoshaqa awuzushaqa ongezushaqa ungezushaqa
1st plural sizoshaqa esizoshaqa sizoshaqa asizushaqa esingezushaqa singezushaqa
2nd plural nizoshaqa enizoshaqa nizoshaqa anizushaqa eningezushaqa ningezushaqa
Class 1 uzoshaqa ozoshaqa ezoshaqa akazushaqa ongezushaqa engezushaqa
Class 2 bazoshaqa abazoshaqa bezoshaqa abazushaqa abangezushaqa bengezushaqa
Class 3 uzoshaqa ozoshaqa uzoshaqa awuzushaqa ongezushaqa ungezushaqa
Class 4 izoshaqa ezoshaqa izoshaqa ayizushaqa engezushaqa ingezushaqa
Class 5 lizoshaqa elizoshaqa lizoshaqa alizushaqa elingezushaqa lingezushaqa
Class 6 azoshaqa azoshaqa ezoshaqa awazushaqa angezushaqa engezushaqa
Class 7 sizoshaqa esizoshaqa sizoshaqa asizushaqa esingezushaqa singezushaqa
Class 8 zizoshaqa ezizoshaqa zizoshaqa azizushaqa ezingezushaqa zingezushaqa
Class 9 izoshaqa ezoshaqa izoshaqa ayizushaqa engezushaqa ingezushaqa
Class 10 zizoshaqa ezizoshaqa zizoshaqa azizushaqa ezingezushaqa zingezushaqa
Class 11 luzoshaqa oluzoshaqa luzoshaqa aluzushaqa olungezushaqa lungezushaqa
Class 14 buzoshaqa obuzoshaqa buzoshaqa abuzushaqa obungezushaqa bungezushaqa
Class 15 kuzoshaqa okuzoshaqa kuzoshaqa akuzushaqa okungezushaqa kungezushaqa
Class 17 kuzoshaqa okuzoshaqa kuzoshaqa akuzushaqa okungezushaqa kungezushaqa
Remote future
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngiyoshaqa engiyoshaqa ngiyoshaqa angiyushaqa engingeyushaqa ngingeyushaqa
2nd singular uyoshaqa oyoshaqa uyoshaqa awuyushaqa ongeyushaqa ungeyushaqa
1st plural siyoshaqa esiyoshaqa siyoshaqa asiyushaqa esingeyushaqa singeyushaqa
2nd plural niyoshaqa eniyoshaqa niyoshaqa aniyushaqa eningeyushaqa ningeyushaqa
Class 1 uyoshaqa oyoshaqa eyoshaqa akayushaqa ongeyushaqa engeyushaqa
Class 2 bayoshaqa abayoshaqa beyoshaqa abayushaqa abangeyushaqa bengeyushaqa
Class 3 uyoshaqa oyoshaqa uyoshaqa awuyushaqa ongeyushaqa ungeyushaqa
Class 4 iyoshaqa eyoshaqa iyoshaqa ayiyushaqa engeyushaqa ingeyushaqa
Class 5 liyoshaqa eliyoshaqa liyoshaqa aliyushaqa elingeyushaqa lingeyushaqa
Class 6 ayoshaqa ayoshaqa eyoshaqa awayushaqa angeyushaqa engeyushaqa
Class 7 siyoshaqa esiyoshaqa siyoshaqa asiyushaqa esingeyushaqa singeyushaqa
Class 8 ziyoshaqa eziyoshaqa ziyoshaqa aziyushaqa ezingeyushaqa zingeyushaqa
Class 9 iyoshaqa eyoshaqa iyoshaqa ayiyushaqa engeyushaqa ingeyushaqa
Class 10 ziyoshaqa eziyoshaqa ziyoshaqa aziyushaqa ezingeyushaqa zingeyushaqa
Class 11 luyoshaqa oluyoshaqa luyoshaqa aluyushaqa olungeyushaqa lungeyushaqa
Class 14 buyoshaqa obuyoshaqa buyoshaqa abuyushaqa obungeyushaqa bungeyushaqa
Class 15 kuyoshaqa okuyoshaqa kuyoshaqa akuyushaqa okungeyushaqa kungeyushaqa
Class 17 kuyoshaqa okuyoshaqa kuyoshaqa akuyushaqa okungeyushaqa kungeyushaqa
Present subjunctive
Positive Negative
1st singular ngishaqe ngingashaqi
2nd singular ushaqe ungashaqi
1st plural sishaqe singashaqi
2nd plural nishaqe ningashaqi
Class 1 ashaqe angashaqi
Class 2 bashaqe bangashaqi
Class 3 ushaqe ungashaqi
Class 4 ishaqe ingashaqi
Class 5 lishaqe lingashaqi
Class 6 ashaqe angashaqi
Class 7 sishaqe singashaqi
Class 8 zishaqe zingashaqi
Class 9 ishaqe ingashaqi
Class 10 zishaqe zingashaqi
Class 11 lushaqe lungashaqi
Class 14 bushaqe bungashaqi
Class 15 kushaqe kungashaqi
Class 17 kushaqe kungashaqi
Past subjunctive
Positive Negative
1st singular ngashaqa ngangashaqa, angashaqa, angangashaqa
2nd singular washaqa wangashaqa, awashaqa, awangashaqa
1st plural sashaqa sangashaqa, asashaqa, asangashaqa
2nd plural nashaqa nangashaqa, anashaqa, anangashaqa
Class 1 washaqa wangashaqa, akashaqa, akangashaqa
Class 2 bashaqa bangashaqa, abashaqa, abangashaqa
Class 3 washaqa wangashaqa, awashaqa, awangashaqa
Class 4 yashaqa yangashaqa, ayashaqa, ayangashaqa
Class 5 lashaqa langashaqa, alashaqa, alangashaqa
Class 6 ashaqa angashaqa, awashaqa, awangashaqa
Class 7 sashaqa sangashaqa, asashaqa, asangashaqa
Class 8 zashaqa zangashaqa, azashaqa, azangashaqa
Class 9 yashaqa yangashaqa, ayashaqa, ayangashaqa
Class 10 zashaqa zangashaqa, azashaqa, azangashaqa
Class 11 lwashaqa lwangashaqa, alwashaqa, alwangashaqa
Class 14 bashaqa bangashaqa, abashaqa, abangashaqa
Class 15 kwashaqa kwangashaqa, akwashaqa, akwangashaqa
Class 17 kwashaqa kwangashaqa, akwashaqa, akwangashaqa
Derived terms

References

Wikious
Boobota
Sagapedia