siarad

Welsh

Etymology

The verbal noun is "attested since Iolo Goch (14th century). T.A. Watkins (1961:97) quotes this as a possible loan from English charade";^[1] if so, then probably ultimately from Occitan charrar (“to chat”) (compare French charade).^[2]

Pronunciation

(North Wales) IPA^(key): /ˈʃarad/
(South Wales) IPA^(key): /ˈʃaːrad/, /ˈʃarad/

Verb

siarad (first-person singular present siaradaf, not mutable)

to speak; to talk.
Siaradwch yn araf os gwelwch yn dda.
Speak slowly please.

Siaredir Cymraeg fan hyn.
Welsh is spoken here.

Mae Dafydd yn siarad â Megan.
Dafydd is talking to Megan.

Ni siaradwyd gair.
Not a word was spoken.

Clywedwyd hi'n siarad amdanat ti.
She was heard talking about you.

Conjugation

Conjugation (literary)

	singular			plural			impersonal
	first	second	third	first	second	third	impersonal
present indicative/future	siaradaf	siaredi	sieryd	siaradwn	siaredwch, siaradwch	siaradant	siaredir
imperfect (indicative/subjunctive)/ conditional	siaradwn	siaradit	siaradai	siaradem	siaradech	siaradent	siaredid
preterite	siaredais	siaredaist	siaradodd	siaradasom	siaradasoch	siaradasant	siaradwyd
pluperfect	siaradaswn	siaradasit	siaradasai	siaradasem	siaradasech	siaradasent	siaradasid, siaradesid
present subjunctive	siaradwyf	siaredych	siarado	siaradom	siaradoch	siaradont	siarader
imperative	—	siarad	siaraded	siaradwn	siaredwch, siaradwch	siaradent	siarader
verbal noun	siarad
verbal adjectives	—

Conjugation (colloquial)

Inflected colloquial forms	singular			plural
Inflected colloquial forms	first	second	third	first	second	third
future	siarada i, siaradaf i	siaradi di	siaradith o/e/hi, siaradiff e/hi	siaradwn ni	siaradwch chi	siaradan nhw
conditional	siaradwn i, siaradswn i	siaradet ti, siaradset ti	siaradai fo/fe/hi, siaradsai fo/fe/hi	siaraden ni, siaradsen ni	siaradech chi, siaradsech chi	siaraden nhw, siaradsen nhw
preterite	siaradais i, siarades i	siaradaist ti, siaradest ti	siaradodd o/e/hi	siaradon ni	siaradoch chi	siaradon nhw
imperative	—	siarada	—	—	siaradwch	—
Note: All other forms are periphrastic, as usual in colloquial Welsh.

Derived terms

siarad â (“speak to, talk to”)
siarad am (“speak about, talk about”)
siarad pymtheg yn y dwsin (“to talk nineteen to the dozen”, literally “to talk fifteen in the dozen”)
siarad siop (“to talk shop”)
siarad siprys (“to talk a mixture of Welsh and English”)

References

^ Schumacher, Stefan: 2000, The Historical Morphology of the Welsh Verbal Noun, page 186. Maynooth.
^ R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “siaradaf”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies

[1] Schumacher, Stefan: 2000, The Historical Morphology of the Welsh Verbal Noun, page 186. Maynooth.

[2] R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “siaradaf”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies

[1]

[2]