siarad

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Welsh

Etymology

The verbal noun is "attested since Iolo Goch (14th century). T.A. Watkins (1961:97) quotes this as a possible loan from English charade";[1] if so, then probably ultimately from Occitan charrar (“to chat”) (compare French charade).[2]

Pronunciation

Verb

siarad (first-person singular present siaradaf, not mutable)

  1. to speak; to talk.
    Siaradwch yn araf os gwelwch yn dda.
    Speak slowly please.
    Siaredir Cymraeg fan hyn.
    Welsh is spoken here.
    Mae Dafydd yn siarad â Megan.
    Dafydd is talking to Megan.
    Ni siaradwyd gair.
    Not a word was spoken.
    Clywedwyd hi'n siarad amdanat ti.
    She was heard talking about you.

Conjugation

Conjugation (literary)
singular plural impersonal
first second third first second third
present indicative/future siaradaf siaredi sieryd siaradwn siaredwch, siaradwch siaradant siaredir
imperfect (indicative/subjunctive)/
conditional 		siaradwn siaradit siaradai siaradem siaradech siaradent siaredid
preterite siaredais siaredaist siaradodd siaradasom siaradasoch siaradasant siaradwyd
pluperfect siaradaswn siaradasit siaradasai siaradasem siaradasech siaradasent siaradasid, siaradesid
present subjunctive siaradwyf siaredych siarado siaradom siaradoch siaradont siarader
imperative — siarad siaraded siaradwn siaredwch, siaradwch siaradent siarader
verbal noun siarad
verbal adjectives —
Conjugation (colloquial)
Inflected colloquial forms singular plural
first second third first second third
future siarada i, siaradaf i siaradi di siaradith o/e/hi, siaradiff e/hi siaradwn ni siaradwch chi siaradan nhw
conditional siaradwn i, siaradswn i siaradet ti, siaradset ti siaradai fo/fe/hi, siaradsai fo/fe/hi siaraden ni, siaradsen ni siaradech chi, siaradsech chi siaraden nhw, siaradsen nhw
preterite siaradais i, siarades i siaradaist ti, siaradest ti siaradodd o/e/hi siaradon ni siaradoch chi siaradon nhw
imperative — siarada — — siaradwch —
Note: All other forms are periphrastic, as usual in colloquial Welsh.

Derived terms

References

  1. ^ Schumacher, Stefan: 2000, The Historical Morphology of the Welsh Verbal Noun, page 186. Maynooth.
  2. ^ R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “siaradaf”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
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