sine

English

English Wikipedia has an article on:

sine

Wikipedia

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin sinus (“curve, bend; bosom”), a translation of Arabic جَيْب (jayb, “bosom”), a misidentification of the notation جيب (j-y-b), written without vowel diacritics, standing for Arabic جِيبَ (jība, “sine”), in turn from Sanskrit ज्या (jyā, “sine, chord, bowstring”) through the similar Sanskrit जीव (jīva, “sine, chord, life, existence”). Doublet of sinus.

Pronunciation

• enPR: sīn, IPA^(key): /saɪn/

• Audio (UK)

  (file)

• Audio (US)

  (file)

• Homophones: sign, syne
• Rhymes: -aɪn

Noun

sine (plural sines)

1. (trigonometry, mathematics) In a right triangle, the ratio of the length of the side opposite an angle to the length of the hypotenuse.

Usage notes

In various branches of mathematics, the sine of an angle is determined in various ways, including the following:

• The y-coordinate of the point on the unit circle at the given anticlockwise angle from the positive x-axis.
• The sum of the real or complex power series
  
       ${\displaystyle \sum _{n=1}^{\infty }{{(-1)^{n-1}} \over {(2n-1)!}}x^{2n-1}=x-{1 \over 6}x^{3}+{1 \over 120}x^{5}-{1 \over 5040}x^{7}+...}$
  
  where x is in radians.

Synonyms

• Symbol: sin

Coordinate terms

• cosine
• cosecant
• cotangent
• secant
• tangent
• trigonometry

Derived terms

Related terms

Translations

See also

Anagrams

• EINs, NIEs, Nies, sein, sien, snie

Ainu

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɕìꜛné/

Numeral

sine (Kana spelling シネ)

1. one

Bikol Central

Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish cine, from a clipping of Spanish cinema, a reduction of Spanish cinematógrafo, from French cinématographe.

Pronunciation

• Hyphenation: si‧ne
• IPA^(key): /ˈsine/,

Noun

síne

1. cinema
2. movie, show

   Synonyms: pelikula, pasali

Derived terms

Cebuano

Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish cine, from Clipping of Spanish cinema, a reduction of Spanish cinematógrafo, from French cinématographe.

Pronunciation

• Hyphenation: si‧ne

Noun

sine

1. film; movie
2. (dated) cinema; movie theater

Quotations

• For quotations using this term, see Citations:sine.

Derived terms

Danish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /siːnə/, ,

Pronoun

sine

1. plural of sin

See also

Finnish

Finnish Wikipedia has an article on:

sine

Wikipedia ^fi

Etymology

sini +‎ -e

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈsineˣ/,
• Rhymes: -ine
• Syllabification^(key): si‧ne

Noun

sine

1. bluing (blue pigment used for coloring clothes when washing)
2. blueprint (paper-based reproduction usually of a technical drawing)

Declension

Anagrams

• -isen, ensi, ensi-, ines, sein

Irish

Pronunciation

• (Munster, Connacht) IPA^(key): /ˈʃɪnʲə/
• (Ulster) IPA^(key): /ˈʃɪn̠ʲə/
• Homophone: sinne (Ulster)

Etymology 1

From Old Irish sine, siniu, comparative form of sen (“old”).

Adjective

sine

1. comparative degree of sean: older

Etymology 2

From Old Irish sine (“teat, dug, pap”), from Proto-Celtic *sɸenyos, from Proto-Indo-European *pstḗn. Cognate with Old Norse speni (“teat”), English spean (“teat (of a cow)”).

Noun

sine f (genitive singular sine, nominative plural siní)

1. nipple

Declension

Derived terms

• sine siain (“uvula”)

Mutation

References

Further reading

• Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “sine”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN

Latin

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈsi.ne/,
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈsi.ne/,

Etymology 1

The function of this preposition was previously done with the use of sē, sēd (see sē-, sed), from Proto-Indo-European *swé (“self”), thus meaning "by itself", "without". Some still refer the si- in sine to this root, others refer it to Proto-Indo-European *só (“this”), whence si (“if”). And as sometimes nesi was also written, with -ne being nē (“not”), sine might literally mean "not this". Compare with nisi.

Yet others refer sine to Proto-Indo-European *sen(H)i (“for oneself, without”), itself possibly related to *swé or more likely a locative of *senH-. Thus cognate with Ancient Greek ᾰ̓́νευ (áneu), ἄτερ (áter, “without”), Old English sundor; compare especially Tocharian B snai and Old Irish sain (“separated, different”) (Proto-Celtic *sanis), which may reflect the original PIE adverb.

The ablative is from a PIE ablative of separation or a comitative-instrumental analogous to cum. Compare Sanskrit विना (vinā).

Preposition

sine (+ ablative)

1. without

   Sum sine rēgnō.

   I am without a kingdom.

Derived terms

Descendants

• Catalan: sense, Catalan: sens
• Franco-Provençal: sen
• Friulian: cence
• Galician: sen
• Italian: senza
• Old French: senz, sens, sans, san, saunce
  • → Middle English: saunz, sauns, sanz, sans, saunce, san, saun, sawnz, sauncz, sance
    • English: sans
    • Scots: sans (obsolete)
  • Middle French: sans
    • French: sans
    • Norman: sans (Jersey)
• Portuguese: sem
• Sardinian: sine
• Spanish: sin

References

• “sine”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 907

Etymology 2

Verb

sine

1. second-person singular present active imperative of sinō

Middle Dutch

Determiner

sine

1. inflection of sijn:
   1. feminine nominative/accusative singular
   2. nominative/accusative plural

Middle English

Noun

sine

1. Alternative form of synne

Neapolitan

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈsinɛ/, /ˈsinɐ/

Particle

sine

1. yes

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

From Old Norse sínir.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /siːne/

Determiner

sine pl

1. plural of sin

See also

References

• “sin” in The Bokmål Dictionary / The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Anagrams

• isen, isne, neis, nise, sein, si-en, -isen, snei

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

From Old Norse sínir.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /²siːnə/

Determiner

sine pl

1. plural of sin

References

• “sin” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Old English

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈsiː.ne/

Pronoun

sīne

1. inflection of sīn:
   1. accusative feminine singular
   2. instrumental masculine/neuter singular
   3. nominative/accusative masculine/feminine plural

Old French

Noun

sine oblique singular, m (oblique plural sines, nominative singular sines, nominative plural sine)

1. Alternative form of cisne

Noun

sine oblique singular, m (oblique plural sines, nominative singular sines, nominative plural sine)

1. Alternative form of signe

Old Irish

Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *sɸenyos, itself from Proto-Indo-European *pstḗn.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /sʲi.nʲe/

Noun

sine m

1. nipple, teat

Inflection

Usual declension:

A variant dental-stem declension can also be found.

Descendants

• Irish: sine
• Manx: sheeiney
• Scottish Gaelic: sine

Mutation

Further reading

• G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “sine”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

Pali

Alternative forms

Verb

sine

1. optative active third-person singular of sinoti (“to bind”)

Polish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɕi.nɛ/
• Rhymes: -inɛ
• Syllabification: si‧ne

Adjective

sine

1. inflection of siny:
   1. neuter nominative/accusative/vocative singular
   2. nonvirile nominative/accusative/vocative plural

Romanian

Etymology

Inherited from Latin sē, as with mine, tine.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈsi.ne/
• Rhymes: -ine

Pronoun

sine (stressed reflexive-accusative form of el, ea, ei, and ele)

1. (direct object, preceded by preposition, such as "pe", "cu", "la", or "pentru") himself, herself, itself, themselves

   Synonym: (unstressed form) se

Scottish Gaelic

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈʃinə/

Etymology 1

From Old Irish sine (“teat, dug, pap”), from Proto-Celtic *sɸenyos, from Proto-Indo-European *pstḗn. Cognate with Old Norse speni (“teat”), English spean (“teat (of a cow)”).

Noun

sine f (genitive singular sine, plural sinean)

1. (anatomy) nipple, teat

Etymology 2

Borrowed from English gin.

Noun

sine f

1. gin (drink)

Etymology 3

From Old Irish sine (“old age, seniority, antiquity”), from sen (“old”).

Noun

sine f

1. oldness
2. old age

Etymology 4

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Adjective

sine

1. comparative degree of sean (“old”)

Mutation

References

• Edward Dwelly (1911) “sine”, in Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan [The Illustrated Gaelic–English Dictionary]‎, 10th edition, Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, →ISBN
• G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “1 sine”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
• G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “2 sine”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
• G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “3 sine”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

Serbo-Croatian

Noun

sine (Cyrillic spelling сине)

1. inflection of sina:
   1. genitive singular
   2. nominative/accusative/vocative plural

Tagalog

Alternative forms

• cine

Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish cine, from a clipping of cinema, a reduction of cinematógrafo, from French cinématographe.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈsine/,
• Hyphenation: si‧ne

Noun

sine (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜒᜈᜒ)

1. film; movie

   Synonyms: pelikula, puting-tabing

2. (dated) cinema; movie theater

   Synonym: sinehan

Derived terms

• sinehan

Related terms

Further reading

• “sine”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018