singen
From Middle High German singen, from Old High German singan, from Proto-West Germanic *singwan, from Proto-Germanic *singwaną, from Proto-Indo-European *sengʷʰ-.
singen (class 3 strong, third-person singular present singt, past tense sang, past participle gesungen, past subjunctive sänge, auxiliary haben)
infinitive | singen | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
present participle | singend | ||||
past participle | gesungen | ||||
auxiliary | haben | ||||
indicative | subjunctive | ||||
singular | plural | singular | plural | ||
present | ich singe | wir singen | i | ich singe | wir singen |
du singst | ihr singt | du singest | ihr singet | ||
er singt | sie singen | er singe | sie singen | ||
preterite | ich sang | wir sangen | ii | ich sänge1 | wir sängen1 |
du sangst | ihr sangt | du sängest1 du sängst1 |
ihr sänget1 ihr sängt1 | ||
er sang | sie sangen | er sänge1 | sie sängen1 | ||
imperative | sing (du) singe (du) |
singt (ihr) |
1Rare except in very formal contexts; alternative in würde normally preferred.
From Middle Low German singen, from Old Saxon singan.
singen (past singular sung, past participle sungen, auxiliary verb hebben)
infinitive | singen | |
---|---|---|
indicative | present | preterite |
1st person singular | sing | sung |
2nd person singular | sings(t) | sungs(t) |
3rd person singular | sing(t) | sung |
plural | singt, singen | sungen |
imperative | present | — |
singular | sing | |
plural | singt | |
participle | present | past |
singen | (e)sungen, gesungen | |
Note: This conjugation is one of many; neither its grammar nor spelling apply to all dialects. |
From Old Dutch singan, from Proto-West Germanic *singwan.
singen
Strong class 3 | ||
---|---|---|
Infinitive | singen | |
3rd sg. past | sanc | |
3rd pl. past | songen | |
Past participle | gesongen | |
Infinitive | singen | |
In genitive | singens | |
In dative | singene | |
Indicative | Present | Past |
1st singular | singe | sanc |
2nd singular | sincs, singes | soncs, songes |
3rd singular | sinct, singet | sanc |
1st plural | singen | songen |
2nd plural | sinct, singet | sonct, songet |
3rd plural | singen | songen |
Subjunctive | Present | Past |
1st singular | singe | songe |
2nd singular | sincs, singes | songes |
3rd singular | singe | songe |
1st plural | singen | songen |
2nd plural | sinct, singet | songet |
3rd plural | singen | songen |
Imperative | Present | |
Singular | sinc, singe | |
Plural | sinct, singet | |
Present | Past | |
Participle | singende | gesongen |
From Old English singan (“to sing”). Cognate with Middle Dutch singen, Middle High German singen, Old Swedish siunga, and Crimean Gothic singhen.
singen
infinitive | (to) singen, singe | ||
---|---|---|---|
present tense | past tense | ||
1st-person singular | singe | sang | |
2nd-person singular | singest | sunge, sange, sang | |
3rd-person singular | singeth | sang | |
subjunctive singular | singe | sunge1, sange1 | |
imperative singular | — | ||
plural2 | singen, singe | sungen, sunge, sangen, sange | |
imperative plural | singeth, singe | — | |
participles | singynge, singende | sungen, sunge |
1Replaced by the indicative in later Middle English.
2Sometimes used as a formal 2nd-person singular.
singen
Inherited from Old High German singan.
singen (class 3 strong, third-person singular present singet, past tense sanc, past participle gesungen, past subjunctive sünge, auxiliary hân)
infinitive | singen | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
genitive gerund | singennes singenes | ||||
dative gerund | singenne singene | ||||
present participle | singende | ||||
past participle | gesungen | ||||
auxiliary | hân | ||||
indicative | subjunctive | ||||
singular | plural | singular | plural | ||
present | ich singe | wir singen | i | ich singe | wir singen |
du singest | ir singet | du singest | ir singet | ||
ër singet | sie singent | ër singe | sie singen | ||
preterite | ich sanc | wir sungen | ii | ich sünge | wir süngen |
du sünge | ir sunget | du süngest | ir sünget | ||
ër sanc | sie sungen | ër sünge | sie süngen | ||
imperative | sinc (du) | singet (ir) |