From Old Norse skaka (“to shake”), from Proto-Germanic *skakaną, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kek- (“to shake, stir”). Compare Norwegian skake, Swedish skaka, Danish skage, Low German schaken, English shake.
skaka (strong verb, third-person singular past indicative skók, third-person plural past indicative skóku, supine skekið)
| infinitive (nafnháttur) |
að skaka | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| supine (sagnbót) |
skekið | ||||
| present participle (lýsingarháttur nútíðar) |
skakandi | ||||
| indicative (framsöguháttur) |
subjunctive (viðtengingarháttur) | ||||
| present (nútíð) |
ég skek | við skökum | present (nútíð) |
ég skaki | við skökum |
| þú skekur | þið skakið | þú skakir | þið skakið | ||
| hann, hún, það skekur | þeir, þær, þau skaka | hann, hún, það skaki | þeir, þær, þau skaki | ||
| past (þátíð) |
ég skók | við skókum | past (þátíð) |
ég skæki | við skækjum |
| þú skókst | þið skókuð | þú skækir | þið skækjuð | ||
| hann, hún, það skók | þeir, þær, þau skóku | hann, hún, það skæki | þeir, þær, þau skækju | ||
| imperative (boðháttur) |
skak (þú) | skakið (þið) | |||
| Forms with appended personal pronoun | |||||
| skaktu | skakiði * | ||||
| * Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred. | |||||
| infinitive (nafnháttur) |
að skakast | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| supine (sagnbót) |
skekist | ||||
| present participle (lýsingarháttur nútíðar) |
skakandist ** ** the mediopassive present participle is extremely rare and normally not used; it is never used attributively or predicatively, only for explicatory subclauses | ||||
| indicative (framsöguháttur) |
subjunctive (viðtengingarháttur) | ||||
| present (nútíð) |
ég skekst | við skökumst | present (nútíð) |
ég skakist | við skökumst |
| þú skekst | þið skakist | þú skakist | þið skakist | ||
| hann, hún, það skekst | þeir, þær, þau skakast | hann, hún, það skakist | þeir, þær, þau skakist | ||
| past (þátíð) |
ég skókst | við skókumst | past (þátíð) |
ég skækist | við skækjumst |
| þú skókst | þið skókust | þú skækist | þið skækjust | ||
| hann, hún, það skókst | þeir, þær, þau skókust | hann, hún, það skækist | þeir, þær, þau skækjust | ||
| imperative (boðháttur) |
skakst (þú) | skakist (þið) | |||
| Forms with appended personal pronoun | |||||
| skakstu | skakisti * | ||||
| * Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred. | |||||
| strong declension (sterk beyging) |
singular (eintala) | plural (fleirtala) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) |
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) | ||
| nominative (nefnifall) |
skekinn | skekin | skekið | skeknir | skeknar | skekin | |
| accusative (þolfall) |
skekinn | skekna | skekið | skekna | skeknar | skekin | |
| dative (þágufall) |
skeknum | skekinni | skeknu | skeknum | skeknum | skeknum | |
| genitive (eignarfall) |
skekins | skekinnar | skekins | skekinna | skekinna | skekinna | |
| weak declension (veik beyging) |
singular (eintala) | plural (fleirtala) | |||||
| masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) |
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) | ||
| nominative (nefnifall) |
skekni | skekna | skekna | skeknu | skeknu | skeknu | |
| accusative (þolfall) |
skekna | skeknu | skekna | skeknu | skeknu | skeknu | |
| dative (þágufall) |
skekna | skeknu | skekna | skeknu | skeknu | skeknu | |
| genitive (eignarfall) |
skekna | skeknu | skekna | skeknu | skeknu | skeknu | |
From Old Norse skaka. Akin to English shake.
skaka (present tense skakar or skjek, past tense skaka or skok, supine skaka or skjeke, past participle skaka or skjeken, present participle skakande, imperative skak)
From Proto-Germanic *skakaną.
skaka (singular past indicative skók, plural past indicative skóku, past participle skekinn)
| infinitive | skaka | |
|---|---|---|
| present participle | skakandi | |
| past participle | skekinn | |
| indicative | present | past |
| 1st-person singular | skek | skók |
| 2nd-person singular | skekr | skókt |
| 3rd-person singular | skekr | skók |
| 1st-person plural | skǫkum | skókum |
| 2nd-person plural | skakið | skókuð |
| 3rd-person plural | skaka | skóku |
| subjunctive | present | past |
| 1st-person singular | skaka | skǿka |
| 2nd-person singular | skakir | skǿkir |
| 3rd-person singular | skaki | skǿki |
| 1st-person plural | skakim | skǿkim |
| 2nd-person plural | skakið | skǿkið |
| 3rd-person plural | skaki | skǿki |
| imperative | present | |
| 2nd-person singular | skak | |
| 1st-person plural | skǫkum | |
| 2nd-person plural | skakið | |
| infinitive | skakask | |
|---|---|---|
| present participle | skakandisk | |
| past participle | skekizk | |
| indicative | present | past |
| 1st-person singular | skǫkumk | skókumk |
| 2nd-person singular | skeksk | skókzk |
| 3rd-person singular | skeksk | skóksk |
| 1st-person plural | skǫkumsk | skókumsk |
| 2nd-person plural | skakizk | skókuzk |
| 3rd-person plural | skakask | skókusk |
| subjunctive | present | past |
| 1st-person singular | skǫkumk | skǿkumk |
| 2nd-person singular | skakisk | skǿkisk |
| 3rd-person singular | skakisk | skǿkisk |
| 1st-person plural | skakimsk | skǿkimsk |
| 2nd-person plural | skakizk | skǿkizk |
| 3rd-person plural | skakisk | skǿkisk |
| imperative | present | |
| 2nd-person singular | skaksk | |
| 1st-person plural | skǫkumsk | |
| 2nd-person plural | skakizk | |
From Old Norse skaka, from Proto-Germanic *skakaną.
skaka
| present | past | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | skaka | — | |||
| participle | skakandi, -e | skakaþer | |||
| active voice | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive |
| iæk | skakar | skaki, -e | — | skakaþi, -e | skakaþi, -e |
| þū | skakar | skaki, -e | skaka | skakaþi, -e | skakaþi, -e |
| han | skakar | skaki, -e | — | skakaþi, -e | skakaþi, -e |
| vīr | skakum, -om | skakum, -om | skakum, -om | skakaþum, -om | skakaþum, -om |
| īr | skakin | skakin | skakin | skakaþin | skakaþin |
| þēr | skaka | skakin | — | skakaþu, -o | skakaþin |
| mediopassive voice | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive |
| iæk | skakas | skakis, -es | — | skakaþis, -es | skakaþis, -es |
| þū | skakas | skakis, -es | — | skakaþis, -es | skakaþis, -es |
| han | skakas | skakis, -es | — | skakaþis, -es | skakaþis, -es |
| vīr | skakums, -oms | skakums, -oms | — | skakaþums, -oms | skakaþums, -oms |
| īr | skakins | skakins | — | skakaþins | skakaþins |
| þēr | skakas | skakins | — | skakaþus, -os | skakaþins |
From Old Swedish skaka, from Old Norse skaka (“to shake”), from Proto-Germanic *skakaną, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kek- (“to shake, stir”). Cognate with Norwegian skake, Danish skage, Icelandic skaka, Low German schaken and English shake.
| Audio: | (file) |
skaka (present skakar, preterite skakade, supine skakat, imperative skaka)
| Active | Passive | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Infinitive | skaka | skakas | ||
| Supine | skakat | skakats | ||
| Imperative | skaka | — | ||
| Imper. plural1 | skaken | — | ||
| Present | Past | Present | Past | |
| Indicative | skakar | skakade | skakas | skakades |
| Ind. plural1 | skaka | skakade | skakas | skakades |
| Subjunctive2 | skake | skakade | skakes | skakades |
| Participles | ||||
| Present participle | skakande | |||
| Past participle | skakad | |||
| 1 Archaic. 2 Dated. See the appendix on Swedish verbs. | ||||