soma

English

Pronunciation

• (General American) IPA^(key): /ˈsoʊmə/
• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /ˈsəʊmə/

• Audio (Southern England)

  (file)

• Rhymes: (General American) -oʊmə, (Received Pronunciation) -əʊmə
• Hyphenation: so‧ma

Etymology 1

From New Latin, from Ancient Greek σῶμα (sôma, “body”).

Noun

soma (plural somas or somata)

1. (anatomy) The whole axial portion of an animal, including the head, neck, trunk, and tail.
2. The corporeal body, as distinguished from the psyche or soul and the pneuma or spirit.

   Synonyms: see Thesaurus:body

3. (cytology) The bulbous part of a neuron, containing the cell nucleus.

Derived terms

Related terms

Translations

Etymology 2

Transliteration of Sanskrit सोम (soma). Doublet of haoma.

English Wikipedia has an article on:

soma

Wikipedia

Noun

soma (uncountable)

1. (Vedic religion) A ritual drink in ancient Vedic culture, obtained by pressing the Soma plant.
   • 2006, Karen Armstrong, The Great Transformation, Atlantic Books, published 2007, page 82:

     Once he had drunk the intoxicating soma, he experienced an ascent to the gods without having to die a violent death, as in the old ritual.

2. (by extension, science fiction) Any kind of intoxicating drug.
   • 1932, Aldous Huxley, Brave New World‎, London: Chatto & Windus:

     […] there is always soma, delicious soma, half a gramme for a half-holiday, a gramme for a week-end, two grammes for a trip to the gorgeous East, three for a dark eternity on the moon […]

Alternative forms

• Soma

Related terms

• haoma

Translations

Anagrams

• -omas, Amos, MOAS, MOAs, Samo, maos, moas, omas, soam

Dutch

Etymology

Clipping of Somaliër.

Noun

soma ? (plural soma's, diminutive somaatje n)

1. (sometimes offensive, slang) a Somalian.

Fijian

Adverb

soma

1. often, frequently

   Synonym: wasoma

Finnish

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *soma, possibly borrowed from Proto-Germanic *sōmaz, *sōmiz (“suitable”). Related to Karelian šoma, Livvi čoma, Ludian čoma and Veps čoma (with irregular initial consonants due to the affectionate nature of the word).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈsomɑ/,
• Rhymes: -omɑ
• Syllabification^(key): so‧ma

Adjective

soma (comparative somempi, superlative somin)

1. pretty, cute, sweet

Declension

Derived terms

Further reading

• “soma”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-03

Anagrams

• Asmo, mosa, osma

French

Pronunciation

• Audio

  (file)

Noun

soma m (plural somas)

1. (cytology) soma

Further reading

• “soma”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé , 2012.

Galician

Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese soma (“top”) (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin summa (“top”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):

Noun

soma f (plural somas)

1. ridge (formed besides a furrow)

   Synonyms: lombeiro, márdea, mesa, sorrello

References

• “soma” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006–2022.
• “soma” in Xavier Varela Barreiro & Xavier Gómez Guinovart: Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval. SLI / Grupo TALG / ILG, 2006–2018.
• “soma” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006–2013.
• “soma” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
• “soma” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.

Italian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈsɔ.ma/
• Rhymes: -ɔma
• Hyphenation: sò‧ma

Etymology 1

From Late Latin sauma, from alteration of Latin sagma, from Ancient Greek σάγμα (ságma). Compare the doublet salma (“corpse”). Cognate to French somme (“packsaddle”).

Noun

soma f (plural some)

1. the load borne by a pack animal
2. (by extension) the measure of the capacity of a given animal to bear a load
3. (figurative, literary)
   1. burden

      Synonym: onere

   2. weight

      Synonym: peso

   3. body

      Synonym: corpo

Derived terms

Further reading

• soma¹ in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana

Etymology 2

Borrowed from New Latin, from Ancient Greek σῶμα (sôma).

Noun

soma m (plural somi)

1. (medicine) soma

Derived terms

Further reading

• soma² in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana

Etymology 3

Transliteration of Ancient Greek σῶμα (sôma).

Noun

soma m (plural somata)

1. (music, historical, Byzantine Greece) second interval

Further reading

• soma³ in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana

Etymology 4

Borrowed from English soma, from Sanskrit सोम (soma), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *sáwHmas, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *sáwHmas, derived from the root *sawH- (“to press out, to extract”).

Noun

soma m (invariable) (historical)

1. name of an as yet unidentified plant
2. soma (juice extracted from the above plant, used as a ritual drink)

Further reading

• soma⁴ in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana

Anagrams

• Amos, Mosa, Samo, maso

Italiot Greek

Etymology

From Ancient Greek σῶμα (sôma).

Noun

soma n

1. body

Japanese

Romanization

soma

1. Rōmaji transcription of そま

Latvian

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Old East Slavic сума (suma) (compare Russian сума́ (sumá)), itself borrowed (via Polish) from Old High German soum (“burden”) (compare German Saum), from Ancient Greek σάγμα (ságma) (whence also Latin sagma, sauma (“burden saddle, burden”)). The borrowing happened in the 13th century, when Old East Slavic у was still pronounced as . The word soma is first attested in 17th-century dictionaries with meanings such as “bread sack”, “bag”, “travel bag”.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):

This entry needs an audio pronunciation. If you are a native speaker with a microphone, please record this word. The recorded pronunciation will appear here when it's ready.

Noun

soma f (4th declension)

1. bag, pack (fabric, leather, etc. object with straps or handles, used for carrying small objects, groceries, etc.)

   pasta soma ― mail bag

   medību soma ― (hunting) game bag

   skolas soma ― satchel, school bag

   iepirkumu soma ― shopping bag

   ceļa soma, ceļasoma ― suitcase (lit. travelling bag)

   rokas soma, rokassoma ― purse (lit. hand bag)

   mugursoma ― backpack, knapsack, rucksack

2. (biology, anatomy) pouch (skin fold in marsupials to keep a newborn baby)

   ķengura soma ― kangaroo pouch

Declension

Derived terms

• ceļasoma
• mugursoma
• rokassoma

See also

• maiss

Etymology 2

See soms.

Noun

soma m

1. genitive singular of soms

References

Polish

Polish Wikipedia has an article on:

soma

Wikipedia ^pl

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈsɔ.ma/
• Rhymes: -ɔma
• Syllabification: so‧ma
• Homophone: Soma

Etymology 1

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek σῶμα (sôma).

Noun

soma f

1. (anatomy) soma (the whole axial portion of an animal, including the head, neck, trunk, and tail)
2. (anatomy) soma (the corporeal body, as distinguished from the psyche or soul)

Declension

Derived terms

Related terms

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Sanskrit सोम (soma).

Noun

soma f

1. (Vedic religion) soma (ritual drink in ancient Vedic and continuing Hindu culture)

Declension

Etymology 3

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Noun

soma m animal

1. genitive/accusative singular of som

Further reading

• soma in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Portuguese

Portuguese Wikipedia has an article on:

Soma

Wikipedia ^pt

Etymology 1

From Old Galician-Portuguese soma, from Latin summa.

Pronunciation

• Rhymes: -ɔmɐ, -omɐ
• Hyphenation: so‧ma

Noun

soma f (plural somas)

1. (arithmetic) sum (quantity obtained by addition or aggregation)
2. sum (quantity of money)

Etymology 2

Borrowed from New Latin, from Ancient Greek σῶμα (sôma, “body”).

Pronunciation

• Hyphenation: so‧ma

Noun

soma m (plural somas)

1. (anatomy, cytology) soma

Etymology 3

Portuguese Wikipedia has an article on:

Soma

Wikipedia ^pt

Borrowed from Sanskrit सोम (sóma), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *sauma, from Proto-Indo-European *sew(h)-.

Pronunciation

• Hyphenation: so‧ma

Noun

soma m (plural somas)

1. (religion) soma

Etymology 4

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Pronunciation

• Rhymes: -ɔmɐ
• Hyphenation: so‧ma

Verb

soma

1. inflection of somar:
   1. third-person singular present indicative
   2. second-person singular imperative

Romanian

Etymology

Borrowed from French sommer.

Verb

a soma (third-person singular present somează, past participle somat) 1st conj.

1. to summon

Conjugation

Rwanda-Rundi

Verb

-soma (infinitive gusoma, perfective -somye)

1. to read

Serbo-Croatian

Noun

soma (Cyrillic spelling сома)

1. genitive/accusative singular of som

Spanish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈsoma/
• Rhymes: -oma
• Syllabification: so‧ma

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Ancient Greek σῶμα (sôma, “body”).

Noun

soma m (plural somas)

1. (biology) soma

Etymology 2

Inherited from Latin summa.

Noun

soma f (plural somas)

1. a kind of thick flour

Further reading

• “soma”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014

Swahili

Etymology

Of Bantu origin.

Pronunciation

• Audio (Kenya)

  (file)

Verb

-soma (infinitive kusoma)

1. to read
2. to study

Conjugation

Derived terms

• Verbal derivations:
  • Applicative: -somea
  • Causative: -somesha (“make read, educate”)
  • Passive: -somwa
  • Stative: -someka (“be legible”)

• Nominal derivations:
  • msoma (“reader”)
  • msomaji (“reader”)
  • somo (“lesson”)

Swazi

Verb

-sóma

1. to court, to flirt, to date

Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Ternate

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):

Noun

soma

1. dragnet, fishnet

References

• Rika Hayami-Allen (2001) A descriptive study of the language of Ternate, the northern Moluccas, Indonesia, University of Pittsburgh

Turkish

Noun

soma

1. dative singular of som