soul

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See also: Soul, soûl, Söul, and Sŏul

English

English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

Etymology 1

From Middle English soule, sowle, saule, sawle, from Old English sāwol (soul, life, spirit, being), from Proto-West Germanic *saiwalu, from Proto-Germanic *saiwalō (soul), of uncertain ultimate origin (see there for further information).

Cognate with Scots saul, sowel (soul), North Frisian siel, sial (soul), Saterland Frisian Seele (soul), West Frisian siel (soul), Dutch ziel (soul), German Seele (soul) Scandinavian homonyms seem to have been borrowed from Old Saxon *siala. Modern Danish sjæl, Swedish själ, Norwegian sjel. Icelandic sál may have come from Old English sāwol.

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

Noun

soul (countable and uncountable, plural souls)

  1. (religion, folklore) The spirit or essence of a person usually thought to consist of one's thoughts and personality, often believed to live on after the person's death.
    • 1836, Hans Christian Andersen (translated into English by Mrs. H. B. Paull in 1872), The Little Mermaid
      "Among the daughters of the air," answered one of them. "A mermaid has not an immortal soul, nor can she obtain one unless she wins the love of a human being. On the power of another hangs her eternal destiny. But the daughters of the air, although they do not possess an immortal soul, can, by their good deeds, procure one for themselves.
    • 1897 December (indicated as 1898), Winston Churchill, chapter IV, in The Celebrity: An Episode, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd., →OCLC, page 46:
      No matter how early I came down, I would find him on the veranda, smoking cigarettes, or [] . And at last I began to realize in my harassed soul that all elusion was futile, and to take such holidays as I could get, when he was off with a girl, in a spirit of thankfulness.
    • 2015 September 15, Toby Fox, Undertale, Linux, Microsoft Windows, OS X:
      Flowey: See that heart? That is your SOUL, the very culmination of your being!
  2. The spirit or essence of anything.
    • 1918, W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter XXII, in The Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC:
      From another point of view, it was a place without a soul. The well-to-do had hearts of stone; the rich were brutally bumptious; the Press, the Municipality, all the public men, were ridiculously, vaingloriously self-satisfied.
    • 1928, Franklin D. Roosevelt, The Happy Warrior Alfred E. Smith, Houghton Mifflin, →OCLC, →OL, pages 36–37:
      It is possible with only these qualities for a man to be a reasonably efficient President, but there is one thing more needed to make him a great President. It is that quality of soul which makes a man loved by little children, by dumb animals, that quality of soul which makes him a strong help to all those in sorrow or in trouble, that quality which makes him not merely admired, but loved by all the people - the quality of sympathetic understanding of the human heart, of real interest in one's fellow men.
  3. Life, energy, vigor.
    • 1725, [Edward Young], “Satire III. To the Right Honourable Mr. Dodington.”, in Love of Fame, the Universal Passion. In Seven Characteristical Satires, 4th edition, London: J and R Tonson , published 1741, →OCLC, page 52:
      That he vvants Algebra he muſt confeſs. / But not a ſoul to give our arms ſucceſs.
  4. (music) Soul music.
  5. A person, especially as one among many.
    • 18 January 1915, D. H. Lawrence, letter to William Hopkin
      I want to gather together about twenty souls and sail away from this world of war and squalor and found a little colony where there shall be no money but a sort of communism as far as necessaries of life go, and some real decency.
  6. An individual life.
    Fifty souls were lost when the ship sank.
  7. (mathematics) A kind of submanifold involved in the soul theorem of Riemannian geometry.
Quotations

For quotations using this term, see Citations:soul.

Synonyms
Derived terms

Pages starting with “soul”.

Related terms
Descendants
Translations
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

Verb

soul (third-person singular simple present souls, present participle souling, simple past and past participle souled)

  1. (obsolete, transitive) To endow with a soul or mind.
    Synonyms: besoul, ensoul
  2. To beg on All Soul's Day.
    Coordinate term: trick-or-treat
    • 1981, Geoffrey Scard, Squire and tenant: life in rural Cheshire, 1760-1900, page 93:
      All Souls' Day was celebrated by souling, a custom going back to pre-Reformation days: soul cakers and mummers toured the village begging for a soul cake — a plain, round, flat cake seasoned with spices.
Derived terms

Etymology 2

Borrowed from French souler (to satiate).

Verb

soul (third-person singular simple present souls, present participle souling, simple past and past participle souled)

  1. (obsolete) To feed or nourish.
    • 1741, unknown [formerly attributed to Daniel Defoe], The Life and Adventures of Mrs. Christian Davies, the British Amazon, commonly called Mother Ross: , 2nd edition, London: Printed for R[ichard] Montagu, →OCLC, part II, page 76:
      During my Stay here, I was going to take Pot-Luck with Colonel Ingram, and accidentally meeting him in the Way, I told him I deſigned to ſoul a Plate with him, [...]

References

Anagrams

Czech

Noun

soul m inan

  1. soul (music style)

Declension

This noun needs an inflection-table template.

Further reading

  • soul in Kartotéka Novočeského lexikálního archivu

Finnish

Etymology

Borrowed from English soul.

Pronunciation

Noun

soul

  1. soul music

Declension

Inflection of soul (Kotus type 5/risti, no gradation)
nominative soul
genitive soulin
partitive soulia
illative souliin
singular plural
nominative soul
accusative nom. soul
gen. soulin
genitive soulin
partitive soulia
inessive soulissa
elative soulista
illative souliin
adessive soulilla
ablative soulilta
allative soulille
essive soulina
translative souliksi
abessive soulitta
instructive
comitative See the possessive forms below.
Possessive forms of soul (Kotus type 5/risti, no gradation)
first-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative soulini
accusative nom. soulini
gen. soulini
genitive soulini
partitive souliani
inessive soulissani
elative soulistani
illative souliini
adessive soulillani
ablative souliltani
allative soulilleni
essive soulinani
translative soulikseni
abessive soulittani
instructive
comitative
second-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative soulisi
accusative nom. soulisi
gen. soulisi
genitive soulisi
partitive souliasi
inessive soulissasi
elative soulistasi
illative souliisi
adessive soulillasi
ablative souliltasi
allative soulillesi
essive soulinasi
translative souliksesi
abessive soulittasi
instructive
comitative
first-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative soulimme
accusative nom. soulimme
gen. soulimme
genitive soulimme
partitive souliamme
inessive soulissamme
elative soulistamme
illative souliimme
adessive soulillamme
ablative souliltamme
allative soulillemme
essive soulinamme
translative souliksemme
abessive soulittamme
instructive
comitative
second-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative soulinne
accusative nom. soulinne
gen. soulinne
genitive soulinne
partitive soulianne
inessive soulissanne
elative soulistanne
illative souliinne
adessive soulillanne
ablative souliltanne
allative soulillenne
essive soulinanne
translative souliksenne
abessive soulittanne
instructive
comitative
third-person possessor
singular plural
nominative soulinsa
accusative nom. soulinsa
gen. soulinsa
genitive soulinsa
partitive souliaan
souliansa
inessive soulissaan
soulissansa
elative soulistaan
soulistansa
illative souliinsa
adessive soulillaan
soulillansa
ablative souliltaan
souliltansa
allative soulilleen
soulillensa
essive soulinaan
soulinansa
translative soulikseen
souliksensa
abessive soulittaan
soulittansa
instructive
comitative

Further reading

Anagrams

French

Etymology 1

See saoul.

Pronunciation

Adjective

soul (feminine soule, masculine plural souls, feminine plural soules)

  1. post-1990 spelling of soûl, itself an alternative form of saoul (drunk)
Derived terms

Etymology 2

Borrowed from English soul.

Pronunciation

Noun

soul f (uncountable)

  1. soul, soul music

Further reading

Hungarian

Etymology

Borrowed from English soul.

Pronunciation

Noun

soul (usually uncountable, plural soulok)

  1. (music) soul music

Declension

Inflection (stem in -o-, back harmony)
singular plural
nominative soul soulok
accusative soult soulokat
dative soulnak souloknak
instrumental soullal soulokkal
causal-final soulért soulokért
translative soullá soulokká
terminative soulig soulokig
essive-formal soulként soulokként
essive-modal
inessive soulban soulokban
superessive soulon soulokon
adessive soulnál souloknál
illative soulba soulokba
sublative soulra soulokra
allative soulhoz soulokhoz
elative soulból soulokból
delative soulról soulokról
ablative soultól souloktól
non-attributive
possessive - singular
soulé souloké
non-attributive
possessive - plural
souléi soulokéi
Possessive forms of soul
possessor single possession multiple possessions
1st person sing. soulom souljaim
2nd person sing. soulod souljaid
3rd person sing. soulja souljai
1st person plural soulunk souljaink
2nd person plural soulotok souljaitok
3rd person plural souljuk souljaik

Derived terms

Italian

Etymology

Borrowed from English soul.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈsol/, (careful style) /ˈsowl/
  • Rhymes: -ol, (careful style) -owl
  • Hyphenation: (careful style) sóul

Noun

soul m or f (invariable)

  1. soul music

References

  1. ^ soul in Luciano Canepari, Dizionario di Pronuncia Italiana (DiPI)

Anagrams

Middle English

Noun

soul

  1. Alternative form of soule

Old French

Adjective

soul m (oblique and nominative feminine singular soule)

  1. Alternative form of sol

Declension

Polish

Polish Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia pl

Etymology

Unadapted borrowing from English soul, from Middle English soule, sowle, saule, sawle, from Old English sāwol, from Proto-West Germanic *saiwalu, from Proto-Germanic *saiwalō.

Pronunciation

Noun

soul m inan

  1. soul music

Declension

Derived terms

adjective

Further reading

  • soul in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
  • soul in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Portuguese

Etymology

Unadapted borrowing from English soul.

Pronunciation

Noun

soul m (uncountable)

  1. (music) soul music (a music genre combining gospel music, rhythm and blues and often jazz)

Romanian

Etymology

Borrowed from English soul.

Adjective

soul m or f or n (indeclinable)

  1. soul (music)

Declension

Spanish

Etymology

Borrowed from English soul.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈsoul/
  • Rhymes: -oul
  • Syllabification: soul

Noun

soul m (uncountable)

  1. soul, soul music

Further reading