spožs

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Latvian

Etymology

From the same source as spodrs (shiny) (q.v.), of which it was originally a variant, from Proto-Baltic *spand-, an ablaut variant of *spind-, from an earlier *spīd-, apparently borrowed from Iranian. From parallel u- and yo-stem forms, spodrs and spožs were formed.

Adjective

spožs (definite spožais, comparative spožāks, superlative visspožākais, adverb spoži)

  1. (of lights, light sources) bright (very strong; which emits strong light)
    spoža gaismabright light
    spoža saulebright sun
    spožs zibens uzliesmojumsbright lightning flash
    saule šinī pievakarē rādījās lielāka un spožāka nekā parastithe sun in that late afternoon seemed bigger and brighter than usual
  2. (of colors) bright, vivid
    spožas krāsasbright colors
    spoži sarkans tonisbright red hue
  3. (of other objects) bright, shiny, lustrous (which reflects light strongly)
    spožas sudraba karotesshiny silver spoons
    spožs cirvja asmensshiny ax blade
    spožs gredzensshiny ring
    spožs audumsshiny, glossy fabric
    spožs pulējumslustrous polish
    brūnas, spožas bizes; viņa ir vēl skaistāka nekā toreizbrown, lustrous braids; she is even more beautiful (now) than that time
  4. (of eyes, looks) bright, sparkling
    Aiva bija smuidrāka par māti, arī acis spožākas un zilākasAiva was slimmer than her mother, and (her) eyes were also brighter and bluer
    bet māte klusēja, un viņas acis kļuva lielas un spožas no asarāmbut mother kept silent, and her eyes became big and shiny with tears
  5. (definite forms, as part of a denomination) bright, light (relatively brighter, shinier than other comparable items)
    spožā balodenelight, shiny spinach (different species)
    spožā labības skrejvaboleshiny cereal beetle
    spožā lakashiny polish
  6. (of objects) shiny, very clean
    viss, sākot ar uzgaidāmās telpas grīdu un beidzot ar kalpotāju baltajām apkaklītēm, izskatījās svaigs un spožseverything, from the waiting room floor to the servant's white collars, looked fresh and shiny (= clean)
  7. (figuratively, of people, their qualities, actions) remarkable, outstanding, brilliant
    spožs mākslinieksa remarkable, brilliant artist
    spožs talantsoutstanding talent
    spožas zināšanasimpressive knowledge
    spoža uzvarabrilliant victory
    spoži sasniegumioutstanding achievements
    gūt spožus panākumus sacensībāsto obtain brilliant results (lit. successes) in competitions
    Rainis ir un paliek pati dziļākā, spožākā, daudzkrāsainākā personība mūsu tautāRainis is and remains the deepest, brightest, most colorful personality in our people
    Pēterburga bija viens no spožākajiem sava laika pasaules mākslas centriemSaint Petersburg was one of the brightest world art centers of its time
  8. (figuratively, of people, their lives) rich, luxurious, wealthy
    spožs dzīvesveidsluxurious lifestyle
    spoža balleluxurious, magnificent ball
    spoža nākotnea bright (= successful) future
    viņas neremdināmās alkatīgās ilgas pēc spožas un vieglas dzīves visu mūžu bijušas un palikušas viņas un viņas tuvinieku mocītājasduring her entire life, her insatiable desire for a luxurious and easy life has been her own and her loved ones' tormentor

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References

  1. ^ Karulis, Konstantīns (1992) “spodrs”, in Latviešu Etimoloģijas Vārdnīca (in Latvian), Rīga: AVOTS, →ISBN