From Old Norse springa, from Proto-Germanic *springaną, from Proto-Indo-European *sprenǵʰ-.
springa (strong verb, third-person singular past indicative sprakk, third-person plural past indicative sprungu, supine sprungið)
| infinitive (nafnháttur) |
að springa | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| supine (sagnbót) |
sprungið | ||||
| present participle (lýsingarháttur nútíðar) |
springandi | ||||
| indicative (framsöguháttur) |
subjunctive (viðtengingarháttur) | ||||
| present (nútíð) |
ég spring | við springum | present (nútíð) |
ég springi | við springum |
| þú springur | þið springið | þú springir | þið springið | ||
| hann, hún, það springur | þeir, þær, þau springa | hann, hún, það springi | þeir, þær, þau springi | ||
| past (þátíð) |
ég sprakk | við sprungum | past (þátíð) |
ég spryngi | við spryngjum |
| þú sprakkst | þið sprunguð | þú spryngir | þið spryngjuð | ||
| hann, hún, það sprakk | þeir, þær, þau sprungu | hann, hún, það spryngi | þeir, þær, þau spryngju | ||
| imperative (boðháttur) |
spring (þú) | springið (þið) | |||
| Forms with appended personal pronoun | |||||
| springdu | springiði * | ||||
| * Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred. | |||||
| infinitive (nafnháttur) |
að springast | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| supine (sagnbót) |
sprungist | ||||
| present participle (lýsingarháttur nútíðar) |
springandist ** ** the mediopassive present participle is extremely rare and normally not used; it is never used attributively or predicatively, only for explicatory subclauses | ||||
| indicative (framsöguháttur) |
subjunctive (viðtengingarháttur) | ||||
| present (nútíð) |
ég springst | við springumst | present (nútíð) |
ég springist | við springumst |
| þú springst | þið springist | þú springist | þið springist | ||
| hann, hún, það springst | þeir, þær, þau springast | hann, hún, það springist | þeir, þær, þau springist | ||
| past (þátíð) |
ég sprakkst | við sprungumst | past (þátíð) |
ég spryngist | við spryngjumst |
| þú sprakkst | þið sprungust | þú spryngist | þið spryngjust | ||
| hann, hún, það sprakkst | þeir, þær, þau sprungust | hann, hún, það spryngist | þeir, þær, þau spryngjust | ||
| imperative (boðháttur) |
springst (þú) | springist (þið) | |||
| Forms with appended personal pronoun | |||||
| springstu | springisti * | ||||
| * Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred. | |||||
| strong declension (sterk beyging) |
singular (eintala) | plural (fleirtala) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) |
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) | ||
| nominative (nefnifall) |
sprunginn | sprungin | sprungið | sprungnir | sprungnar | sprungin | |
| accusative (þolfall) |
sprunginn | sprungna | sprungið | sprungna | sprungnar | sprungin | |
| dative (þágufall) |
sprungnum | sprunginni | sprungnu | sprungnum | sprungnum | sprungnum | |
| genitive (eignarfall) |
sprungins | sprunginnar | sprungins | sprunginna | sprunginna | sprunginna | |
| weak declension (veik beyging) |
singular (eintala) | plural (fleirtala) | |||||
| masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) |
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) | ||
| nominative (nefnifall) |
sprungni | sprungna | sprungna | sprungnu | sprungnu | sprungnu | |
| accusative (þolfall) |
sprungna | sprungnu | sprungna | sprungnu | sprungnu | sprungnu | |
| dative (þágufall) |
sprungna | sprungnu | sprungna | sprungnu | sprungnu | sprungnu | |
| genitive (eignarfall) |
sprungna | sprungnu | sprungna | sprungnu | sprungnu | sprungnu | |
springa (present tense spring, past tense sprang, past participle sprunge, passive infinitive springast, present participle springande, imperative spring)
From Old Norse springa, from Proto-Germanic *springaną.
springa
| present | past | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | springa | — | |||
| participle | springandi, springande | sprungin | |||
| active voice | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive |
| iæk | springer | springi, springe | — | sprak | sprungi, sprunge |
| þū | springer | springi, springe | *sprik | sprakt | sprungi, sprunge |
| han | springer | springi, springe | — | sprak | sprungi, sprunge |
| vīr | springum, springom | springum, springom | springum, springom | sprungum, sprungom | sprungum, sprungom |
| īr | springin | springin | springin | sprungin | sprungin |
| þēr | springa | springin | — | sprungu, sprungo | sprungin |
| mediopassive voice | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive |
| iæk | — | — | — | — | — |
| þū | — | — | — | — | — |
| han | — | — | — | — | — |
| vīr | — | — | — | — | — |
| īr | — | — | — | — | — |
| þēr | — | — | — | — | — |
| audio | (file) |
From Old Swedish springa, from Old Norse springa, from Proto-Germanic *springaną, from Proto-Indo-European *sprenǵʰ-.
springa (present springer, preterite sprang, supine sprungit, imperative spring)
| Active | Passive | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Infinitive | springa | springas | ||
| Supine | sprungit | sprungits | ||
| Imperative | spring | — | ||
| Imper. plural1 | springen | — | ||
| Present | Past | Present | Past | |
| Indicative | springer | sprang | springs, springes | sprangs |
| Ind. plural1 | springa | sprungo | springas | sprungos |
| Subjunctive2 | springe | sprunge | springes | sprunges |
| Participles | ||||
| Present participle | springande | |||
| Past participle | sprungen | |||
| 1 Archaic. 2 Dated. See the appendix on Swedish verbs. | ||||
From Old Swedish springa, ultimately from etymology 1 above, which also had the sense “to burst” (derived from “to jump”). Compare spränga (“to blow up, explode”), and further German Sprung (“crack”), zerspringen (“to crack, burst”).
springa c
| Declension of springa | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Plural | |||
| Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
| Nominative | springa | springan | springor | springorna |
| Genitive | springas | springans | springors | springornas |