sterno

Italian

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sterno

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Etymology

From Ancient Greek στέρνον (stérnon, “chest, breastbone, heart”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈstɛr.no/
• Rhymes: -ɛrno
• Hyphenation: stèr‧no

Noun

sterno m (plural sterni)

1. (anatomy) breastbone, sternum

Derived terms

• sternale

Anagrams

• nostre

Latin

Etymology

From Proto-Italic *stornō, from Proto-Indo-European *str̥-n-h₃-, n-infix present of the root *sterh₃- (“to spread, extend”). Cognate with Sanskrit आस्तॄ (āstṝ, “spread”), Avestan 𐬯𐬙𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬥𐬁𐬌𐬙𐬌 (stər^ənāⁱti, “spread, extend”), Ancient Greek στόρνυμι (stórnumi, “scatter”), στρατός (stratós, “army, people, body of men”), Old Church Slavonic прострѣти (prostrěti, “stretch, expand”), просторъ (prostorŭ, “spaciousness”), Old English strewian (English strew), Old Norse strá.

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈster.noː/,
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈster.no/,

Verb

sternō (present infinitive sternere, perfect active strāvī, supine strātum); third conjugation

1. (transitive) to spread, stretch out, spread out

   Synonyms: cōnfundō, effundō, fundō, diffundō, dēfundō, differō, indūcō, dissipō

2. (transitive, rare) to calm, still, moderate
3. (transitive) to cover, spread with, scatter with, bestrew with, besprinkle
4. (transitive, of a road, path) to pave, cover
5. (transitive) to stretch on the ground, throw to the ground, cast down, strike down, prostrate

   Synonyms: prōsternō, fundō, prōflīgō, impellō, ruō, subvertō, pervertō, ēvertō, dēturbō, versō, afflīgō

6. to overthrow

   Synonyms: prōflīgō, impellō, subvertō, fundō, pervertō, ēvertō, dēturbō, prōsternō, afflīgō, dissipō, vertō, versō

   • c. 13th C., O Fortuna, lines 34-36:

     Quod per sortem sternit fortem, mecum omnes plangite!

     That which through fate strikes the strong man down, everyone bemoan with me!

7. (transitive, by extension) to knock to the ground, demolish, raze, level, flatten

   Synonyms: assolō, adaequō, aequō, pariō

Conjugation

Derived terms

Descendants

• Franco-Provençal: êterdre
• Old French: esternir (through alternative form *sternire), esterdre (merged with the root extergere)
  • French: éternir (dialectal, Normandy), étarnir (dialectal, Savoie), éterdre (dialectal, Savoie, Jura and Switzerland)
• Friulian: stierni
• Italian: sternere

References

• “sterno”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “sterno”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• sterno in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
  • to pave a road: viam sternere (silice, saxo)
    
  • to saddle a horse: sternere equum
    
  • (ambiguous) to prostrate oneself before a person: ad pedes alicuius iacēre, stratum esse (stratum iacēre)
    
• Sihler, Andrew L. (1995) New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN

Old High German

Alternative forms

• sterro, stern

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *sterrō, variant of *sternō, from Proto-Germanic *sternô, *sternǭ, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂stḗr. Compare Old Saxon sterro, Old Frisian stēra, Old English steorra, Old Norse stjarna, Gothic 𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌽𐍉 (stairnō).

Noun

sterno m

1. star

Descendants

• Middle High German: stërne, stërre, stërn
  • Alemannic German: Stern
  • Bavarian: Stean

    Mòcheno: stern

  • Central Franconian: Stään, Stär, Stären, Stern

    Hunsrik: Stern

    Luxembourgish: Stär

  • German: Stern
  • Vilamovian: śtaom
  • Yiddish: שטערן (shtern)