sternocleidomastoides

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Latin

Etymology

From sternum (“the breastbone”) +‎ Ancient Greek κλείς (kleís, “the collarbone”) +‎ mastoīdēs (“like a breast”). Doublet of sternocleidomastoīdeus.

Pronunciation

Adjective

sternocleidomastoīdēs (neuter sternocleidomastoīdes or sternocleidomastoīdēs); third-declension one-termination adjective (Greek-type) (New Latin)

  1. (anatomy) Of or pertaining to the breastbone, collarbone and the mastoid process of the temporal bone; sternocleidomastoid.

Inflection

Third-declension one-termination adjective (Greek-type).

singular plural
masc./fem. neuter masc./fem. neuter
nominative sternocleidomastoīdēs sternocleidomastoīdes1
sternocleidomastoīdēs 		sternocleidomastoīdēs sternocleidomastoīda
sternocleidomastoīdia2
genitive sternocleidomastoīdis sternocleidomastoīdum
sternocleidomastoīdium2
dative sternocleidomastoīdī sternocleidomastoīdibus
accusative sternocleidomastoīdem sternocleidomastoīdes1
sternocleidomastoīdēs 		sternocleidomastoīdēs sternocleidomastoīda
sternocleidomastoīdia2
ablative sternocleidomastoīde
sternocleidomastoīdī2 		sternocleidomastoīdibus
vocative sternocleidomastoīdes1
sternocleidomastoīdēs 		sternocleidomastoīdēs sternocleidomastoīda
sternocleidomastoīdia2

1It is unknown if Classical Latin preserved (or would have preserved) the shortness of the original Greek short ending.
2It is unknown whether adjectives of this type would use i-stem or consonant-stem endings in Classical Latin: the relevant forms are not attested. Depending on the word, either ending or both may be attested in New Latin.

Descendants

  • → English: sternocleidomastoid
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