stosunek

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Polish

Etymology

From stosować +‎ -unek. Sense 7 and sense 6 are semantic loans from English relations, sense 8 is a semantic loan from English connections and contacts, sense 9 is a semantic loan from English terms. First attested in 1781.[1] Cognate with English stotting.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /stɔˈsu.nɛk/
  • Audio 1:(file)
  • Audio 2:(file)
  • Rhymes: -unɛk
  • Syllabification: sto‧su‧nek

Noun

stosunek m inan (diminutive stosuneczek)

  1. relation, relationship (manner in which two things may be associated)
    Synonym: relacja
  2. relation, relationship; attitude (manner in which and tone with which two people or things interact) ,
    Synonyms: nastawienie, podejście
  3. (mathematics) relation, relationship (quotient obtained by dividing two numbers or two quantities belonging to a given set of numbers or quantities)
    Synonym: proporcja
  4. (obsolete) affair (illegimate romantic relation)
    Synonym: romans
  5. (obsolete, chemistry) equivalent
    Synonym: równoważnik
  7. (often in the plural) relation (act of intercourse)
  9. (in the plural) relations, relationship (act of maintaining contact) ,
    Synonym: związek
  11. (in the plural) connections (people with whom one is acquainted who can offer help and influence)
    Synonym: powiązania
  13. (in the plural) terms (conditions; states or qualities)
    Synonym: warunki

Declension

Declension of stosunek
singular plural
nominative stosunek stosunki
genitive stosunku stosunków
dative stosunkowi stosunkom
accusative stosunek stosunki
instrumental stosunkiem stosunkami
locative stosunku stosunkach
vocative stosunku stosunki

Derived terms

(adjective):
(nouns):
(preposition):
(verbs):
(adverb):
(noun):

Descendants

  • → Kashubian: stosënk (calque)
  • → Silesian: stosōnek (calque)
  • → Ukrainian: стосу́нок (stosúnok)

Trivia

According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), stosunek is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 49 times in scientific texts, 46 times in news, 99 times in essays, 18 times in fiction, and 8 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 220 times, making it the 252nd most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.[2]

References

  1. ^ Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814) “stosunek”, in Słownik języka polskiego
  2. ^ Ida Kurcz (1990) “stosunek”, in Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej [Frequency dictionary of the Polish language] (in Polish), volume 2, Kraków, Warszawa: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Języka Polskiego, page 563

Further reading

Wikious
Boobota
Sagapedia