strādāt

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See also: stradat, strádat, and střádat

Latvian

Etymology

Borrowed from Old East Slavic страдати (stradati, to strive; to work hard; to suffer); cf. Russian страда́ть (stradátʹ, to suffer), also dialectal страда́ (stradá, time of hard (farm) work; hard (farm) work). This loanword is first mentioned in 17th-century dictionaries.[1]

Pronunciation

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Verb

strādāt (transitive or intransitive, 2nd conjugation, present strādāju, strādā, strādā, past strādāju)

  1. to work (to perform certain actions so as to produce something of material or cultural value)
    čakli, intensīvi strādātto work diligently, intensively
    strādāt labi, lēnito work well, slowly
    strādāt no rīta līdz vakaramto work from morning to night
    strādāt pagalmāto work in the yard
    strādāt pie rakstāmgaldato work at the desk
    strādāt bērnu labāto work for the benefit of the children
    kas nestrādā, tam nebūs ēstwho doesn't work, won't have (anything) to eat
    raksturs skarbs, bet strādāt viņa prata(her) character is rough, but she knows how to work
    galvenais, ka vēl varu strādāt: kamēr cilvēks strādā, tikmēr dzīvothe important thing is that I still can work: as long as people work, they live
    un viņi strādāja: Jānis ara, ecēja, sēja, pļāva, cirta kokus, vēla akmeņus...and they worked: Jānis plowed, harrowed, sowed, reaped, cut down trees, rolled stones (away)...
  2. to work (to perform certain activities, usually for a long time, in exchange for payment)
    strādāt rūpnīcāto work in a factory
    strādāt uz kuģato work on a ship
    strādāt par šoferito work as a driver
    tēvs iet pa nakti strādāt maiznīcafather goes by night to work in a bakery
  3. to work in (something) (to perform certain activities systematically, in a certain specialty or area of interest)
    strādāt lauksaimniecībāto work in agriculture
    strādāt izglītībāto work in education
    strādāt rakstniecībāto work in literature
    meistars teicami strādāja arī karikatūrāthe master also worked excellently (= did excellent work) in caricature
    Eduards Vītols joprojām turpināja strādāt iemīļotajā akvarelīEduards Vītols continued on working on his beloved watercolors
    strādāt pie izgudrojumato work on an invention
  4. to work on (something) (to perform certain activities relating to the making or preparing of something)
    strādāt pie izgudrojumato work on an invention
    strādāt pie zinātniska tematato work on a scientific topic
    strādāt pie disertācijasto work on (one's) dissertation
    strādājot pie Stellas Kempbelas lomas, gribējās atklāt šīs aktrises iekšējo pasauliworking on the role of Stella Campbell, I wanted to reveal this actress' inner world
  5. to work with (to be systematically busy with the training or teaching, e.g., of a group of people)
    strādāt ar korito work with the choir
    strādāt ar deju ansamblito work with a dance ensemble
    strādāt ar bērniemto work with children
    populārākais vieds, kā muzejā strādā ar apmeklētāju, ir ekskursijathe most popular way in which they work with the visitors at the museum, is (to do an) excursion
  6. to work with (to use something while working)
    strādāt ar jaunām mašīnāmto work with new machines
    strādāt ar lapstuto work with a shovel
    strādāt ar eļļas krāsāmto work with oil paints
    strādāju mājā ar vārdnīcu līdz pusnaktij, dažreiz arī vēlākI work with the dictionary at home until midnight, sometimes later
  7. (transitive) to work, to do a certain work, a job, or at a certain time
    strādāt fizisku darbuto work, do physical labor
    strādāt smagu darbuto do hard work
    strādāt gadījuma darbusto work, do odd jobs
    strādāt virsstundasto work overtime
    strādāt palaidnībasto work (= do) mischief
    Leontīne strādāja valsts darbu ar cietu algu un apmaksātu atvaļinājumuLeontīne worked in a public job with a fixed salary and paid vacation
    ja viņa domāja par bērnības dienām, arvien atcērējās sevi, mazu meiteni, kaut ko strādājam: vai nu bija jānes ūdens, vai malka, vai jāmazgā grīda, vai vēl kas cits jādaraif she thought about her childhood days, she always remembered herself (as a) small girl working on something: either (she) had to carry water, or firewood, or wash the floor, or (there was) something else to do
  8. (agriculture, transitive) to prepare land for sowing
    smilts augsne ir irdena, viegli strādājama, ātri iesislst, bet arī ātri atdziestsand soil is light, easy to work, it warms up quickly but it also cools quickly
  9. (of institutions, enterprises, businesses; usually 3rd person) to work (to be open, to be in the process of carrying out its tasks)
    rūpnīca strādā trijās maiņāsthe factory works in three shifts
    poliklīnika strādā no astoņiem rītāthe clinic works, is open from eight a.m.
    veikals strādā bez pusdienas pārtraukumathe shop works without a lunch break
    ir sestdienas rīts, un kantoris nestrādāit is Saturday morning, and the office does not work, is not open
  10. (of machines, devices) to work (to function normally, to be able to carry out its normal functions or tasks; also figuratively)
    traktors strādā labithe tractor is working well
    mehānisms strādā precīzithe mechanism works precisely, with precision
    telefons nestrādāthe telephone isn't working
    lai cik neatlaidīgi strādāja saule no agra rīta līdz vēlam vakaram, tā tomēr vēl nebija paspējusi nokausēt biezo snieguhowever steadily the sun worked from early morning till late evening, it still could not melt the thick snow
  11. (of body parts, of bodily and mental processes; usually 3rd person) to work (to function, to fulfil its normal functions)
    domas strādā ātrithoughts work fast
    ir fizisks darbs, kad galvenokārt strādā muskuļithere is physical work, when mostly the muscles work
    sirds strādāja kā ar veseri: tuk-tuk-tuk...(her) heart was working like a sledgehammer: tuk-tuk-tuk...
  12. (of animals; usually 3rd person) to work (to carry out a certain expected action or task)
    iejūgti zirgi strādāja visu laikuthe yoked horses worked all the time
    bitītes medu nes, pulciņā strādādamasthe little bees carry honey, working in small group(s)

Conjugation

Derived terms

prefixed verbs:
other derived terms:

See also

References

  1. ^ Karulis, Konstantīns (1992) “strādāt”, in Latviešu Etimoloģijas Vārdnīca (in Latvian), Rīga: AVOTS, →ISBN