straf

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Danish

Etymology

Formed from the verb straffe (“to penalize”), from Middle Low German straffen (“to punish, blame”), from Proto-West Germanic *strēpōn, of uncertain ultimate origin, but possibly related to *streupan (“to squeeze, press, graze”).[1]

Pronunciation

Noun

straf c (singular definite straffen, plural indefinite straffe)

  1. punishment, penalty

Declension

Declension of straf
common
gender 		Singular Plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative straf straffen straffe straffene
genitive strafs straffens straffes straffenes

References

  1. ^ van der Sijs, Nicoline, editor (2010), “straf1”, in Etymologiebank, Meertens Institute

Dutch

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /strɑf/
  • Audio:(file)
  • Hyphenation: straf
  • Rhymes: -ɑf

Etymology 1

Early modern Dutch straffe, derived from straffen. Compare German Strafe.

Noun

straf f (plural straffen, diminutive strafje n)

  1. a punishment, penalty, sanction
  2. a discomfort, misfortune
Derived terms
Descendants
  • Afrikaans: straf
  • Negerhollands: straaf
  • → Caribbean Javanese: setrap, strap
  • → Indonesian: setrap
  • → Papiamentu: straf
  • → Saramaccan: sitaáfu

Verb

straf

  1. inflection of straffen:
    1. first-person singular present indicative
    2. (in case of inversion) second-person singular present indicative
    3. imperative

Etymology 2

From late Middle Dutch straf. Further etymology is not known.

Adjective

straf (comparative straffer, superlative strafst)

  1. heavy, hefty
  2. spicy
  3. implausible, improbable
Declension
Declension of straf
uninflected straf
inflected straffe
comparative straffer
positive comparative superlative
predicative/adverbial straf straffer het strafst
het strafste
indefinite m./f. sing. straffe straffere strafste
n. sing. straf straffer strafste
plural straffe straffere strafste
definite straffe straffere strafste
partitive strafs straffers —
Synonyms

German

Pronunciation

Verb

straf

  1. singular imperative of strafen
  2. (colloquial) first-person singular present of strafen

Tok Pisin

Etymology

From German Strafe (“punishment”).

Noun

straf

  1. punishment
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