sugár

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See also: sugar and Sugar

Hungarian

Etymology

súg (“to whisper”) +‎ -ár (noun-forming suffix). The verb súg is in origin an onomatopoeia corresponding to English rustle, so the original meaning of sugár may have been a rustling object. The several other current meanings are the result of a name transfer process. The geometry sense of radius was patterned after Latin, compare radius (“ray; staff, rod; spoke of a wheel”).

Pronunciation

Noun

sugár (plural sugarak)

  1. (of light or radiation) ray, beam
  2. (of liquid) jet, spurt, stream
  3. (geometry) radius (a line segment between any point of a circle or sphere and its center)

Declension

Inflection (stem in -a-, back harmony)
singular plural
nominative sugár sugarak
accusative sugarat sugarakat
dative sugárnak sugaraknak
instrumental sugárral sugarakkal
causal-final sugárért sugarakért
translative sugárrá sugarakká
terminative sugárig sugarakig
essive-formal sugárként sugarakként
essive-modal sugárul —
inessive sugárban sugarakban
superessive sugáron sugarakon
adessive sugárnál sugaraknál
illative sugárba sugarakba
sublative sugárra sugarakra
allative sugárhoz sugarakhoz
elative sugárból sugarakból
delative sugárról sugarakról
ablative sugártól sugaraktól
non-attributive
possessive - singular 		sugáré sugaraké
non-attributive
possessive - plural 		sugáréi sugarakéi
Possessive forms of sugár
possessor single possession multiple possessions
1st person sing. sugaram sugaraim
2nd person sing. sugarad sugaraid
3rd person sing. sugara sugarai
1st person plural sugarunk sugaraink
2nd person plural sugaratok sugaraitok
3rd person plural sugaruk sugaraik

or (in archaic or poetic style)

Inflection (stem in -o-, back harmony)
singular plural
nominative sugár sugárok
accusative sugárt sugárokat
dative sugárnak sugároknak
instrumental sugárral sugárokkal
causal-final sugárért sugárokért
translative sugárrá sugárokká
terminative sugárig sugárokig
essive-formal sugárként sugárokként
essive-modal sugárul —
inessive sugárban sugárokban
superessive sugáron sugárokon
adessive sugárnál sugároknál
illative sugárba sugárokba
sublative sugárra sugárokra
allative sugárhoz sugárokhoz
elative sugárból sugárokból
delative sugárról sugárokról
ablative sugártól sugároktól
non-attributive
possessive - singular 		sugáré sugároké
non-attributive
possessive - plural 		sugáréi sugárokéi
Possessive forms of sugár
possessor single possession multiple possessions
1st person sing. sugárom sugáraim
2nd person sing. sugárod sugáraid
3rd person sing. sugára sugárai
1st person plural sugárunk sugáraink
2nd person plural sugárotok sugáraitok
3rd person plural sugáruk sugáraik

Derived terms

Compound words
Expressions

References

  1. ^ sugár in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN.  (See also its 2nd edition.)

Further reading

  • sugár in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
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