sukuma

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See also: Sukuma

Northern Ndebele

Verb

-súkúma

  1. to stand up

Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Shabo

Noun

sukuma

  1. belly

See also

Swahili

Pronunciation

  • Audio (Kenya):(file)

Verb

-sukuma (infinitive kusukuma)

  1. to push

Conjugation

Conjugation of -sukuma
Positive present -nasukuma
Subjunctive -sukume
Negative -sukumi
Imperative singular sukuma
Infinitives
Positive kusukuma
Negative kutosukuma
Imperatives
Singular sukuma
Plural sukumeni
Tensed forms
Habitual husukuma
Positive past positive subject concord + -lisukuma
Negative past negative subject concord + -kusukuma
Positive present (positive subject concord + -nasukuma)
Singular Plural
1st person ninasukuma/nasukuma tunasukuma
2nd person unasukuma mnasukuma
3rd person m-wa(I/II) anasukuma wanasukuma
other classes positive subject concord + -nasukuma
Negative present (negative subject concord + -sukumi)
Singular Plural
1st person sisukumi hatusukumi
2nd person husukumi hamsukumi
3rd person m-wa(I/II) hasukumi hawasukumi
other classes negative subject concord + -sukumi
Positive future positive subject concord + -tasukuma
Negative future negative subject concord + -tasukuma
Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -sukume)
Singular Plural
1st person nisukume tusukume
2nd person usukume msukume
3rd person m-wa(I/II) asukume wasukume
other classes positive subject concord + -sukume
Negative subjunctive positive subject concord + -sisukume
Positive present conditional positive subject concord + -ngesukuma
Negative present conditional positive subject concord + -singesukuma
Positive past conditional positive subject concord + -ngalisukuma
Negative past conditional positive subject concord + -singalisukuma
Gnomic (positive subject concord + -asukuma)
Singular Plural
1st person nasukuma twasukuma
2nd person wasukuma mwasukuma
3rd person m-wa(I/II) asukuma wasukuma
m-mi(III/IV) wasukuma yasukuma
ji-ma(V/VI) lasukuma yasukuma
ki-vi(VII/VIII) chasukuma vyasukuma
n(IX/X) yasukuma zasukuma
u(XI) wasukuma see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) kwasukuma
pa(XVI) pasukuma
mu(XVIII) mwasukuma
Perfect positive subject concord + -mesukuma
"Already" positive subject concord + -meshasukuma
"Not yet" negative subject concord + -jasukuma
"If/When" positive subject concord + -kisukuma
"If not" positive subject concord + -siposukuma
Consecutive kasukuma / positive subject concord + -kasukuma
Consecutive subjunctive positive subject concord + -kasukume
Object concord (indicative positive)
Singular Plural
1st person -nisukuma -tusukuma
2nd person -kusukuma -wasukuma/-kusukumeni/-wasukumeni
3rd person m-wa(I/II) -msukuma -wasukuma
m-mi(III/IV) -usukuma -isukuma
ji-ma(V/VI) -lisukuma -yasukuma
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -kisukuma -visukuma
n(IX/X) -isukuma -zisukuma
u(XI) -usukuma see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -kusukuma
pa(XVI) -pasukuma
mu(XVIII) -musukuma
Reflexive -jisukuma
Relative forms
General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -sukuma- + relative marker)
Singular Plural
m-wa(I/II) -sukumaye -sukumao
m-mi(III/IV) -sukumao -sukumayo
ji-ma(V/VI) -sukumalo -sukumayo
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -sukumacho -sukumavyo
n(IX/X) -sukumayo -sukumazo
u(XI) -sukumao see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -sukumako
pa(XVI) -sukumapo
mu(XVIII) -sukumamo
Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -sukuma)
Singular Plural
m-wa(I/II) -yesukuma -osukuma
m-mi(III/IV) -osukuma -yosukuma
ji-ma(V/VI) -losukuma -yosukuma
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -chosukuma -vyosukuma
n(IX/X) -yosukuma -zosukuma
u(XI) -osukuma see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -kosukuma
pa(XVI) -posukuma
mu(XVIII) -mosukuma
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.

Derived terms

Swazi

Verb

-súkúma

  1. to stand up

Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Zulu

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Verb

-sukuma?

  1. (intransitive) to stand up, to get up, to rise

Inflection

Tone H
Infinitive ukusukuma
Positive Negative
Infinitive ukusukuma ukungasukumi
Imperative
Simple + object concord
Singular sukuma -sukume
Plural sukumani -sukumeni
Present
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngiyasukuma, ngisukuma engisukumayo, engisukuma ngisukuma angisukumi engingasukumi ngingasukumi
2nd singular uyasukuma, usukuma osukumayo, osukuma usukuma awusukumi ongasukumi ungasukumi
1st plural siyasukuma, sisukuma esisukumayo, esisukuma sisukuma asisukumi esingasukumi singasukumi
2nd plural niyasukuma, nisukuma enisukumayo, enisukuma nisukuma anisukumi eningasukumi ningasukumi
Class 1 uyasukuma, usukuma osukumayo, osukuma esukuma akasukumi ongasukumi engasukumi
Class 2 bayasukuma, basukuma abasukumayo, abasukuma besukuma abasukumi abangasukumi bengasukumi
Class 3 uyasukuma, usukuma osukumayo, osukuma usukuma awusukumi ongasukumi ungasukumi
Class 4 iyasukuma, isukuma esukumayo, esukuma isukuma ayisukumi engasukumi ingasukumi
Class 5 liyasukuma, lisukuma elisukumayo, elisukuma lisukuma alisukumi elingasukumi lingasukumi
Class 6 ayasukuma, asukuma asukumayo, asukuma esukuma awasukumi angasukumi engasukumi
Class 7 siyasukuma, sisukuma esisukumayo, esisukuma sisukuma asisukumi esingasukumi singasukumi
Class 8 ziyasukuma, zisukuma ezisukumayo, ezisukuma zisukuma azisukumi ezingasukumi zingasukumi
Class 9 iyasukuma, isukuma esukumayo, esukuma isukuma ayisukumi engasukumi ingasukumi
Class 10 ziyasukuma, zisukuma ezisukumayo, ezisukuma zisukuma azisukumi ezingasukumi zingasukumi
Class 11 luyasukuma, lusukuma olusukumayo, olusukuma lusukuma alusukumi olungasukumi lungasukumi
Class 14 buyasukuma, busukuma obusukumayo, obusukuma busukuma abusukumi obungasukumi bungasukumi
Class 15 kuyasukuma, kusukuma okusukumayo, okusukuma kusukuma akusukumi okungasukumi kungasukumi
Class 17 kuyasukuma, kusukuma okusukumayo, okusukuma kusukuma akusukumi okungasukumi kungasukumi
Recent past
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngisukumile, ngisukumē engisukumile, engisukumē ngisukumile, ngisukumē angisukumanga engingasukumanga ngingasukumanga
2nd singular usukumile, usukumē osukumile, osukumē usukumile, usukumē awusukumanga ongasukumanga ungasukumanga
1st plural sisukumile, sisukumē esisukumile, esisukumē sisukumile, sisukumē asisukumanga esingasukumanga singasukumanga
2nd plural nisukumile, nisukumē enisukumile, enisukumē nisukumile, nisukumē anisukumanga eningasukumanga ningasukumanga
Class 1 usukumile, usukumē osukumile, osukumē esukumile, esukumē akasukumanga ongasukumanga engasukumanga
Class 2 basukumile, basukumē abasukumile, abasukumē besukumile, besukumē abasukumanga abangasukumanga bengasukumanga
Class 3 usukumile, usukumē osukumile, osukumē usukumile, usukumē awusukumanga ongasukumanga ungasukumanga
Class 4 isukumile, isukumē esukumile, esukumē isukumile, isukumē ayisukumanga engasukumanga ingasukumanga
Class 5 lisukumile, lisukumē elisukumile, elisukumē lisukumile, lisukumē alisukumanga elingasukumanga lingasukumanga
Class 6 asukumile, asukumē asukumile, asukumē esukumile, esukumē awasukumanga angasukumanga engasukumanga
Class 7 sisukumile, sisukumē esisukumile, esisukumē sisukumile, sisukumē asisukumanga esingasukumanga singasukumanga
Class 8 zisukumile, zisukumē ezisukumile, ezisukumē zisukumile, zisukumē azisukumanga ezingasukumanga zingasukumanga
Class 9 isukumile, isukumē esukumile, esukumē isukumile, isukumē ayisukumanga engasukumanga ingasukumanga
Class 10 zisukumile, zisukumē ezisukumile, ezisukumē zisukumile, zisukumē azisukumanga ezingasukumanga zingasukumanga
Class 11 lusukumile, lusukumē olusukumile, olusukumē lusukumile, lusukumē alusukumanga olungasukumanga lungasukumanga
Class 14 busukumile, busukumē obusukumile, obusukumē busukumile, busukumē abusukumanga obungasukumanga bungasukumanga
Class 15 kusukumile, kusukumē okusukumile, okusukumē kusukumile, kusukumē akusukumanga okungasukumanga kungasukumanga
Class 17 kusukumile, kusukumē okusukumile, okusukumē kusukumile, kusukumē akusukumanga okungasukumanga kungasukumanga
Remote past
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngāsukuma engāsukuma ngāsukuma angisukumanga engingasukumanga ngingasukumanga
2nd singular wāsukuma owāsukuma wāsukuma awusukumanga ongasukumanga ungasukumanga
1st plural sāsukuma esāsukuma sāsukuma asisukumanga esingasukumanga singasukumanga
2nd plural nāsukuma enāsukuma nāsukuma anisukumanga eningasukumanga ningasukumanga
Class 1 wāsukuma owāsukuma āsukuma akasukumanga ongasukumanga engasukumanga
Class 2 bāsukuma abāsukuma bāsukuma abasukumanga abangasukumanga bengasukumanga
Class 3 wāsukuma owāsukuma wāsukuma awusukumanga ongasukumanga ungasukumanga
Class 4 yāsukuma eyāsukuma yāsukuma ayisukumanga engasukumanga ingasukumanga
Class 5 lāsukuma elāsukuma lāsukuma alisukumanga elingasukumanga lingasukumanga
Class 6 āsukuma āsukuma āsukuma awasukumanga angasukumanga engasukumanga
Class 7 sāsukuma esāsukuma sāsukuma asisukumanga esingasukumanga singasukumanga
Class 8 zāsukuma ezāsukuma zāsukuma azisukumanga ezingasukumanga zingasukumanga
Class 9 yāsukuma eyāsukuma yāsukuma ayisukumanga engasukumanga ingasukumanga
Class 10 zāsukuma ezāsukuma zāsukuma azisukumanga ezingasukumanga zingasukumanga
Class 11 lwāsukuma olwāsukuma lwāsukuma alusukumanga olungasukumanga lungasukumanga
Class 14 bāsukuma obāsukuma bāsukuma abusukumanga obungasukumanga bungasukumanga
Class 15 kwāsukuma okwāsukuma kwāsukuma akusukumanga okungasukumanga kungasukumanga
Class 17 kwāsukuma okwāsukuma kwāsukuma akusukumanga okungasukumanga kungasukumanga
Potential
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngingasukuma — ngingasukuma ngingesukume — ngingesukume
2nd singular ungasukuma — ungasukuma ungesukume — ungesukume
1st plural singasukuma — singasukuma singesukume — singesukume
2nd plural ningasukuma — ningasukuma ningesukume — ningesukume
Class 1 angasukuma — engasukuma angesukume — engesukume
Class 2 bangasukuma — bengasukuma bangesukume — bengesukume
Class 3 ungasukuma — ungasukuma ungesukume — ungesukume
Class 4 ingasukuma — ingasukuma ingesukume — ingesukume
Class 5 lingasukuma — lingasukuma lingesukume — lingesukume
Class 6 angasukuma — engasukuma angesukume — engesukume
Class 7 singasukuma — singasukuma singesukume — singesukume
Class 8 zingasukuma — zingasukuma zingesukume — zingesukume
Class 9 ingasukuma — ingasukuma ingesukume — ingesukume
Class 10 zingasukuma — zingasukuma zingesukume — zingesukume
Class 11 lungasukuma — lungasukuma lungesukume — lungesukume
Class 14 bungasukuma — bungasukuma bungesukume — bungesukume
Class 15 kungasukuma — kungasukuma kungesukume — kungesukume
Class 17 kungasukuma — kungasukuma kungesukume — kungesukume
Immediate future
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngizosukuma engizosukuma ngizosukuma angizusukuma engingezusukuma ngingezusukuma
2nd singular uzosukuma ozosukuma uzosukuma awuzusukuma ongezusukuma ungezusukuma
1st plural sizosukuma esizosukuma sizosukuma asizusukuma esingezusukuma singezusukuma
2nd plural nizosukuma enizosukuma nizosukuma anizusukuma eningezusukuma ningezusukuma
Class 1 uzosukuma ozosukuma ezosukuma akazusukuma ongezusukuma engezusukuma
Class 2 bazosukuma abazosukuma bezosukuma abazusukuma abangezusukuma bengezusukuma
Class 3 uzosukuma ozosukuma uzosukuma awuzusukuma ongezusukuma ungezusukuma
Class 4 izosukuma ezosukuma izosukuma ayizusukuma engezusukuma ingezusukuma
Class 5 lizosukuma elizosukuma lizosukuma alizusukuma elingezusukuma lingezusukuma
Class 6 azosukuma azosukuma ezosukuma awazusukuma angezusukuma engezusukuma
Class 7 sizosukuma esizosukuma sizosukuma asizusukuma esingezusukuma singezusukuma
Class 8 zizosukuma ezizosukuma zizosukuma azizusukuma ezingezusukuma zingezusukuma
Class 9 izosukuma ezosukuma izosukuma ayizusukuma engezusukuma ingezusukuma
Class 10 zizosukuma ezizosukuma zizosukuma azizusukuma ezingezusukuma zingezusukuma
Class 11 luzosukuma oluzosukuma luzosukuma aluzusukuma olungezusukuma lungezusukuma
Class 14 buzosukuma obuzosukuma buzosukuma abuzusukuma obungezusukuma bungezusukuma
Class 15 kuzosukuma okuzosukuma kuzosukuma akuzusukuma okungezusukuma kungezusukuma
Class 17 kuzosukuma okuzosukuma kuzosukuma akuzusukuma okungezusukuma kungezusukuma
Remote future
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngiyosukuma engiyosukuma ngiyosukuma angiyusukuma engingeyusukuma ngingeyusukuma
2nd singular uyosukuma oyosukuma uyosukuma awuyusukuma ongeyusukuma ungeyusukuma
1st plural siyosukuma esiyosukuma siyosukuma asiyusukuma esingeyusukuma singeyusukuma
2nd plural niyosukuma eniyosukuma niyosukuma aniyusukuma eningeyusukuma ningeyusukuma
Class 1 uyosukuma oyosukuma eyosukuma akayusukuma ongeyusukuma engeyusukuma
Class 2 bayosukuma abayosukuma beyosukuma abayusukuma abangeyusukuma bengeyusukuma
Class 3 uyosukuma oyosukuma uyosukuma awuyusukuma ongeyusukuma ungeyusukuma
Class 4 iyosukuma eyosukuma iyosukuma ayiyusukuma engeyusukuma ingeyusukuma
Class 5 liyosukuma eliyosukuma liyosukuma aliyusukuma elingeyusukuma lingeyusukuma
Class 6 ayosukuma ayosukuma eyosukuma awayusukuma angeyusukuma engeyusukuma
Class 7 siyosukuma esiyosukuma siyosukuma asiyusukuma esingeyusukuma singeyusukuma
Class 8 ziyosukuma eziyosukuma ziyosukuma aziyusukuma ezingeyusukuma zingeyusukuma
Class 9 iyosukuma eyosukuma iyosukuma ayiyusukuma engeyusukuma ingeyusukuma
Class 10 ziyosukuma eziyosukuma ziyosukuma aziyusukuma ezingeyusukuma zingeyusukuma
Class 11 luyosukuma oluyosukuma luyosukuma aluyusukuma olungeyusukuma lungeyusukuma
Class 14 buyosukuma obuyosukuma buyosukuma abuyusukuma obungeyusukuma bungeyusukuma
Class 15 kuyosukuma okuyosukuma kuyosukuma akuyusukuma okungeyusukuma kungeyusukuma
Class 17 kuyosukuma okuyosukuma kuyosukuma akuyusukuma okungeyusukuma kungeyusukuma
Present subjunctive
Positive Negative
1st singular ngisukume ngingasukumi
2nd singular usukume ungasukumi
1st plural sisukume singasukumi
2nd plural nisukume ningasukumi
Class 1 asukume angasukumi
Class 2 basukume bangasukumi
Class 3 usukume ungasukumi
Class 4 isukume ingasukumi
Class 5 lisukume lingasukumi
Class 6 asukume angasukumi
Class 7 sisukume singasukumi
Class 8 zisukume zingasukumi
Class 9 isukume ingasukumi
Class 10 zisukume zingasukumi
Class 11 lusukume lungasukumi
Class 14 busukume bungasukumi
Class 15 kusukume kungasukumi
Class 17 kusukume kungasukumi
Past subjunctive
Positive Negative
1st singular ngasukuma ngangasukuma, angasukuma, angangasukuma
2nd singular wasukuma wangasukuma, awasukuma, awangasukuma
1st plural sasukuma sangasukuma, asasukuma, asangasukuma
2nd plural nasukuma nangasukuma, anasukuma, anangasukuma
Class 1 wasukuma wangasukuma, akasukuma, akangasukuma
Class 2 basukuma bangasukuma, abasukuma, abangasukuma
Class 3 wasukuma wangasukuma, awasukuma, awangasukuma
Class 4 yasukuma yangasukuma, ayasukuma, ayangasukuma
Class 5 lasukuma langasukuma, alasukuma, alangasukuma
Class 6 asukuma angasukuma, awasukuma, awangasukuma
Class 7 sasukuma sangasukuma, asasukuma, asangasukuma
Class 8 zasukuma zangasukuma, azasukuma, azangasukuma
Class 9 yasukuma yangasukuma, ayasukuma, ayangasukuma
Class 10 zasukuma zangasukuma, azasukuma, azangasukuma
Class 11 lwasukuma lwangasukuma, alwasukuma, alwangasukuma
Class 14 basukuma bangasukuma, abasukuma, abangasukuma
Class 15 kwasukuma kwangasukuma, akwasukuma, akwangasukuma
Class 17 kwasukuma kwangasukuma, akwasukuma, akwangasukuma

References

Wikious
Boobota
Sagapedia