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Northern Ndebele
Verb
-súkúma
- to stand up
Inflection
This verb needs an inflection-table template.
Shabo
Noun
sukuma
- belly
See also
Swahili
Pronunciation
Verb
-sukuma (infinitive kusukuma)
- to push
Conjugation
Conjugation of -sukuma
|
Positive present
|
-nasukuma
|
Subjunctive
|
-sukume
|
Negative
|
-sukumi
|
Imperative singular
|
sukuma
|
|
Infinitives
|
|
Imperatives
|
|
Tensed forms
|
Habitual
|
husukuma
|
Positive past
|
positive subject concord + -lisukuma
|
Negative past
|
negative subject concord + -kusukuma
|
|
Positive present (positive subject concord + -nasukuma)
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
1st person
|
ninasukuma/nasukuma
|
tunasukuma
|
2nd person
|
unasukuma
|
mnasukuma
|
3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
anasukuma
|
wanasukuma
|
other classes
|
positive subject concord + -nasukuma
|
|
Negative present (negative subject concord + -sukumi)
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
1st person
|
sisukumi
|
hatusukumi
|
2nd person
|
husukumi
|
hamsukumi
|
3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
hasukumi
|
hawasukumi
|
other classes
|
negative subject concord + -sukumi
|
|
Positive future
|
positive subject concord + -tasukuma
|
Negative future
|
negative subject concord + -tasukuma
|
|
Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -sukume)
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
1st person
|
nisukume
|
tusukume
|
2nd person
|
usukume
|
msukume
|
3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
asukume
|
wasukume
|
other classes
|
positive subject concord + -sukume
|
|
Negative subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -sisukume
|
Positive present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngesukuma
|
Negative present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singesukuma
|
Positive past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngalisukuma
|
Negative past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singalisukuma
|
|
|
Perfect
|
positive subject concord + -mesukuma
|
"Already"
|
positive subject concord + -meshasukuma
|
"Not yet"
|
negative subject concord + -jasukuma
|
"If/When"
|
positive subject concord + -kisukuma
|
"If not"
|
positive subject concord + -siposukuma
|
Consecutive
|
kasukuma / positive subject concord + -kasukuma
|
Consecutive subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -kasukume
|
|
|
|
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.
|
Derived terms
Swazi
Verb
-súkúma
- to stand up
Inflection
This verb needs an inflection-table template.
Zulu
Etymology
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Verb
-sukuma?
- (intransitive) to stand up, to get up, to rise
Inflection
Tone H
|
Infinitive
|
ukusukuma
|
|
Positive
|
Negative
|
Infinitive
|
ukusukuma
|
ukungasukumi
|
|
Imperative
|
|
Simple
|
+ object concord
|
Singular
|
sukuma
|
-sukume
|
Plural
|
sukumani
|
-sukumeni
|
|
Present
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngiyasukuma, ngisukuma
|
engisukumayo, engisukuma
|
ngisukuma
|
angisukumi
|
engingasukumi
|
ngingasukumi
|
2nd singular
|
uyasukuma, usukuma
|
osukumayo, osukuma
|
usukuma
|
awusukumi
|
ongasukumi
|
ungasukumi
|
1st plural
|
siyasukuma, sisukuma
|
esisukumayo, esisukuma
|
sisukuma
|
asisukumi
|
esingasukumi
|
singasukumi
|
2nd plural
|
niyasukuma, nisukuma
|
enisukumayo, enisukuma
|
nisukuma
|
anisukumi
|
eningasukumi
|
ningasukumi
|
Class 1
|
uyasukuma, usukuma
|
osukumayo, osukuma
|
esukuma
|
akasukumi
|
ongasukumi
|
engasukumi
|
Class 2
|
bayasukuma, basukuma
|
abasukumayo, abasukuma
|
besukuma
|
abasukumi
|
abangasukumi
|
bengasukumi
|
Class 3
|
uyasukuma, usukuma
|
osukumayo, osukuma
|
usukuma
|
awusukumi
|
ongasukumi
|
ungasukumi
|
Class 4
|
iyasukuma, isukuma
|
esukumayo, esukuma
|
isukuma
|
ayisukumi
|
engasukumi
|
ingasukumi
|
Class 5
|
liyasukuma, lisukuma
|
elisukumayo, elisukuma
|
lisukuma
|
alisukumi
|
elingasukumi
|
lingasukumi
|
Class 6
|
ayasukuma, asukuma
|
asukumayo, asukuma
|
esukuma
|
awasukumi
|
angasukumi
|
engasukumi
|
Class 7
|
siyasukuma, sisukuma
|
esisukumayo, esisukuma
|
sisukuma
|
asisukumi
|
esingasukumi
|
singasukumi
|
Class 8
|
ziyasukuma, zisukuma
|
ezisukumayo, ezisukuma
|
zisukuma
|
azisukumi
|
ezingasukumi
|
zingasukumi
|
Class 9
|
iyasukuma, isukuma
|
esukumayo, esukuma
|
isukuma
|
ayisukumi
|
engasukumi
|
ingasukumi
|
Class 10
|
ziyasukuma, zisukuma
|
ezisukumayo, ezisukuma
|
zisukuma
|
azisukumi
|
ezingasukumi
|
zingasukumi
|
Class 11
|
luyasukuma, lusukuma
|
olusukumayo, olusukuma
|
lusukuma
|
alusukumi
|
olungasukumi
|
lungasukumi
|
Class 14
|
buyasukuma, busukuma
|
obusukumayo, obusukuma
|
busukuma
|
abusukumi
|
obungasukumi
|
bungasukumi
|
Class 15
|
kuyasukuma, kusukuma
|
okusukumayo, okusukuma
|
kusukuma
|
akusukumi
|
okungasukumi
|
kungasukumi
|
Class 17
|
kuyasukuma, kusukuma
|
okusukumayo, okusukuma
|
kusukuma
|
akusukumi
|
okungasukumi
|
kungasukumi
|
|
Recent past
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngisukumile, ngisukumē
|
engisukumile, engisukumē
|
ngisukumile, ngisukumē
|
angisukumanga
|
engingasukumanga
|
ngingasukumanga
|
2nd singular
|
usukumile, usukumē
|
osukumile, osukumē
|
usukumile, usukumē
|
awusukumanga
|
ongasukumanga
|
ungasukumanga
|
1st plural
|
sisukumile, sisukumē
|
esisukumile, esisukumē
|
sisukumile, sisukumē
|
asisukumanga
|
esingasukumanga
|
singasukumanga
|
2nd plural
|
nisukumile, nisukumē
|
enisukumile, enisukumē
|
nisukumile, nisukumē
|
anisukumanga
|
eningasukumanga
|
ningasukumanga
|
Class 1
|
usukumile, usukumē
|
osukumile, osukumē
|
esukumile, esukumē
|
akasukumanga
|
ongasukumanga
|
engasukumanga
|
Class 2
|
basukumile, basukumē
|
abasukumile, abasukumē
|
besukumile, besukumē
|
abasukumanga
|
abangasukumanga
|
bengasukumanga
|
Class 3
|
usukumile, usukumē
|
osukumile, osukumē
|
usukumile, usukumē
|
awusukumanga
|
ongasukumanga
|
ungasukumanga
|
Class 4
|
isukumile, isukumē
|
esukumile, esukumē
|
isukumile, isukumē
|
ayisukumanga
|
engasukumanga
|
ingasukumanga
|
Class 5
|
lisukumile, lisukumē
|
elisukumile, elisukumē
|
lisukumile, lisukumē
|
alisukumanga
|
elingasukumanga
|
lingasukumanga
|
Class 6
|
asukumile, asukumē
|
asukumile, asukumē
|
esukumile, esukumē
|
awasukumanga
|
angasukumanga
|
engasukumanga
|
Class 7
|
sisukumile, sisukumē
|
esisukumile, esisukumē
|
sisukumile, sisukumē
|
asisukumanga
|
esingasukumanga
|
singasukumanga
|
Class 8
|
zisukumile, zisukumē
|
ezisukumile, ezisukumē
|
zisukumile, zisukumē
|
azisukumanga
|
ezingasukumanga
|
zingasukumanga
|
Class 9
|
isukumile, isukumē
|
esukumile, esukumē
|
isukumile, isukumē
|
ayisukumanga
|
engasukumanga
|
ingasukumanga
|
Class 10
|
zisukumile, zisukumē
|
ezisukumile, ezisukumē
|
zisukumile, zisukumē
|
azisukumanga
|
ezingasukumanga
|
zingasukumanga
|
Class 11
|
lusukumile, lusukumē
|
olusukumile, olusukumē
|
lusukumile, lusukumē
|
alusukumanga
|
olungasukumanga
|
lungasukumanga
|
Class 14
|
busukumile, busukumē
|
obusukumile, obusukumē
|
busukumile, busukumē
|
abusukumanga
|
obungasukumanga
|
bungasukumanga
|
Class 15
|
kusukumile, kusukumē
|
okusukumile, okusukumē
|
kusukumile, kusukumē
|
akusukumanga
|
okungasukumanga
|
kungasukumanga
|
Class 17
|
kusukumile, kusukumē
|
okusukumile, okusukumē
|
kusukumile, kusukumē
|
akusukumanga
|
okungasukumanga
|
kungasukumanga
|
|
Remote past
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngāsukuma
|
engāsukuma
|
ngāsukuma
|
angisukumanga
|
engingasukumanga
|
ngingasukumanga
|
2nd singular
|
wāsukuma
|
owāsukuma
|
wāsukuma
|
awusukumanga
|
ongasukumanga
|
ungasukumanga
|
1st plural
|
sāsukuma
|
esāsukuma
|
sāsukuma
|
asisukumanga
|
esingasukumanga
|
singasukumanga
|
2nd plural
|
nāsukuma
|
enāsukuma
|
nāsukuma
|
anisukumanga
|
eningasukumanga
|
ningasukumanga
|
Class 1
|
wāsukuma
|
owāsukuma
|
āsukuma
|
akasukumanga
|
ongasukumanga
|
engasukumanga
|
Class 2
|
bāsukuma
|
abāsukuma
|
bāsukuma
|
abasukumanga
|
abangasukumanga
|
bengasukumanga
|
Class 3
|
wāsukuma
|
owāsukuma
|
wāsukuma
|
awusukumanga
|
ongasukumanga
|
ungasukumanga
|
Class 4
|
yāsukuma
|
eyāsukuma
|
yāsukuma
|
ayisukumanga
|
engasukumanga
|
ingasukumanga
|
Class 5
|
lāsukuma
|
elāsukuma
|
lāsukuma
|
alisukumanga
|
elingasukumanga
|
lingasukumanga
|
Class 6
|
āsukuma
|
āsukuma
|
āsukuma
|
awasukumanga
|
angasukumanga
|
engasukumanga
|
Class 7
|
sāsukuma
|
esāsukuma
|
sāsukuma
|
asisukumanga
|
esingasukumanga
|
singasukumanga
|
Class 8
|
zāsukuma
|
ezāsukuma
|
zāsukuma
|
azisukumanga
|
ezingasukumanga
|
zingasukumanga
|
Class 9
|
yāsukuma
|
eyāsukuma
|
yāsukuma
|
ayisukumanga
|
engasukumanga
|
ingasukumanga
|
Class 10
|
zāsukuma
|
ezāsukuma
|
zāsukuma
|
azisukumanga
|
ezingasukumanga
|
zingasukumanga
|
Class 11
|
lwāsukuma
|
olwāsukuma
|
lwāsukuma
|
alusukumanga
|
olungasukumanga
|
lungasukumanga
|
Class 14
|
bāsukuma
|
obāsukuma
|
bāsukuma
|
abusukumanga
|
obungasukumanga
|
bungasukumanga
|
Class 15
|
kwāsukuma
|
okwāsukuma
|
kwāsukuma
|
akusukumanga
|
okungasukumanga
|
kungasukumanga
|
Class 17
|
kwāsukuma
|
okwāsukuma
|
kwāsukuma
|
akusukumanga
|
okungasukumanga
|
kungasukumanga
|
|
Potential
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngingasukuma
|
—
|
ngingasukuma
|
ngingesukume
|
—
|
ngingesukume
|
2nd singular
|
ungasukuma
|
—
|
ungasukuma
|
ungesukume
|
—
|
ungesukume
|
1st plural
|
singasukuma
|
—
|
singasukuma
|
singesukume
|
—
|
singesukume
|
2nd plural
|
ningasukuma
|
—
|
ningasukuma
|
ningesukume
|
—
|
ningesukume
|
Class 1
|
angasukuma
|
—
|
engasukuma
|
angesukume
|
—
|
engesukume
|
Class 2
|
bangasukuma
|
—
|
bengasukuma
|
bangesukume
|
—
|
bengesukume
|
Class 3
|
ungasukuma
|
—
|
ungasukuma
|
ungesukume
|
—
|
ungesukume
|
Class 4
|
ingasukuma
|
—
|
ingasukuma
|
ingesukume
|
—
|
ingesukume
|
Class 5
|
lingasukuma
|
—
|
lingasukuma
|
lingesukume
|
—
|
lingesukume
|
Class 6
|
angasukuma
|
—
|
engasukuma
|
angesukume
|
—
|
engesukume
|
Class 7
|
singasukuma
|
—
|
singasukuma
|
singesukume
|
—
|
singesukume
|
Class 8
|
zingasukuma
|
—
|
zingasukuma
|
zingesukume
|
—
|
zingesukume
|
Class 9
|
ingasukuma
|
—
|
ingasukuma
|
ingesukume
|
—
|
ingesukume
|
Class 10
|
zingasukuma
|
—
|
zingasukuma
|
zingesukume
|
—
|
zingesukume
|
Class 11
|
lungasukuma
|
—
|
lungasukuma
|
lungesukume
|
—
|
lungesukume
|
Class 14
|
bungasukuma
|
—
|
bungasukuma
|
bungesukume
|
—
|
bungesukume
|
Class 15
|
kungasukuma
|
—
|
kungasukuma
|
kungesukume
|
—
|
kungesukume
|
Class 17
|
kungasukuma
|
—
|
kungasukuma
|
kungesukume
|
—
|
kungesukume
|
|
Immediate future
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngizosukuma
|
engizosukuma
|
ngizosukuma
|
angizusukuma
|
engingezusukuma
|
ngingezusukuma
|
2nd singular
|
uzosukuma
|
ozosukuma
|
uzosukuma
|
awuzusukuma
|
ongezusukuma
|
ungezusukuma
|
1st plural
|
sizosukuma
|
esizosukuma
|
sizosukuma
|
asizusukuma
|
esingezusukuma
|
singezusukuma
|
2nd plural
|
nizosukuma
|
enizosukuma
|
nizosukuma
|
anizusukuma
|
eningezusukuma
|
ningezusukuma
|
Class 1
|
uzosukuma
|
ozosukuma
|
ezosukuma
|
akazusukuma
|
ongezusukuma
|
engezusukuma
|
Class 2
|
bazosukuma
|
abazosukuma
|
bezosukuma
|
abazusukuma
|
abangezusukuma
|
bengezusukuma
|
Class 3
|
uzosukuma
|
ozosukuma
|
uzosukuma
|
awuzusukuma
|
ongezusukuma
|
ungezusukuma
|
Class 4
|
izosukuma
|
ezosukuma
|
izosukuma
|
ayizusukuma
|
engezusukuma
|
ingezusukuma
|
Class 5
|
lizosukuma
|
elizosukuma
|
lizosukuma
|
alizusukuma
|
elingezusukuma
|
lingezusukuma
|
Class 6
|
azosukuma
|
azosukuma
|
ezosukuma
|
awazusukuma
|
angezusukuma
|
engezusukuma
|
Class 7
|
sizosukuma
|
esizosukuma
|
sizosukuma
|
asizusukuma
|
esingezusukuma
|
singezusukuma
|
Class 8
|
zizosukuma
|
ezizosukuma
|
zizosukuma
|
azizusukuma
|
ezingezusukuma
|
zingezusukuma
|
Class 9
|
izosukuma
|
ezosukuma
|
izosukuma
|
ayizusukuma
|
engezusukuma
|
ingezusukuma
|
Class 10
|
zizosukuma
|
ezizosukuma
|
zizosukuma
|
azizusukuma
|
ezingezusukuma
|
zingezusukuma
|
Class 11
|
luzosukuma
|
oluzosukuma
|
luzosukuma
|
aluzusukuma
|
olungezusukuma
|
lungezusukuma
|
Class 14
|
buzosukuma
|
obuzosukuma
|
buzosukuma
|
abuzusukuma
|
obungezusukuma
|
bungezusukuma
|
Class 15
|
kuzosukuma
|
okuzosukuma
|
kuzosukuma
|
akuzusukuma
|
okungezusukuma
|
kungezusukuma
|
Class 17
|
kuzosukuma
|
okuzosukuma
|
kuzosukuma
|
akuzusukuma
|
okungezusukuma
|
kungezusukuma
|
|
Remote future
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngiyosukuma
|
engiyosukuma
|
ngiyosukuma
|
angiyusukuma
|
engingeyusukuma
|
ngingeyusukuma
|
2nd singular
|
uyosukuma
|
oyosukuma
|
uyosukuma
|
awuyusukuma
|
ongeyusukuma
|
ungeyusukuma
|
1st plural
|
siyosukuma
|
esiyosukuma
|
siyosukuma
|
asiyusukuma
|
esingeyusukuma
|
singeyusukuma
|
2nd plural
|
niyosukuma
|
eniyosukuma
|
niyosukuma
|
aniyusukuma
|
eningeyusukuma
|
ningeyusukuma
|
Class 1
|
uyosukuma
|
oyosukuma
|
eyosukuma
|
akayusukuma
|
ongeyusukuma
|
engeyusukuma
|
Class 2
|
bayosukuma
|
abayosukuma
|
beyosukuma
|
abayusukuma
|
abangeyusukuma
|
bengeyusukuma
|
Class 3
|
uyosukuma
|
oyosukuma
|
uyosukuma
|
awuyusukuma
|
ongeyusukuma
|
ungeyusukuma
|
Class 4
|
iyosukuma
|
eyosukuma
|
iyosukuma
|
ayiyusukuma
|
engeyusukuma
|
ingeyusukuma
|
Class 5
|
liyosukuma
|
eliyosukuma
|
liyosukuma
|
aliyusukuma
|
elingeyusukuma
|
lingeyusukuma
|
Class 6
|
ayosukuma
|
ayosukuma
|
eyosukuma
|
awayusukuma
|
angeyusukuma
|
engeyusukuma
|
Class 7
|
siyosukuma
|
esiyosukuma
|
siyosukuma
|
asiyusukuma
|
esingeyusukuma
|
singeyusukuma
|
Class 8
|
ziyosukuma
|
eziyosukuma
|
ziyosukuma
|
aziyusukuma
|
ezingeyusukuma
|
zingeyusukuma
|
Class 9
|
iyosukuma
|
eyosukuma
|
iyosukuma
|
ayiyusukuma
|
engeyusukuma
|
ingeyusukuma
|
Class 10
|
ziyosukuma
|
eziyosukuma
|
ziyosukuma
|
aziyusukuma
|
ezingeyusukuma
|
zingeyusukuma
|
Class 11
|
luyosukuma
|
oluyosukuma
|
luyosukuma
|
aluyusukuma
|
olungeyusukuma
|
lungeyusukuma
|
Class 14
|
buyosukuma
|
obuyosukuma
|
buyosukuma
|
abuyusukuma
|
obungeyusukuma
|
bungeyusukuma
|
Class 15
|
kuyosukuma
|
okuyosukuma
|
kuyosukuma
|
akuyusukuma
|
okungeyusukuma
|
kungeyusukuma
|
Class 17
|
kuyosukuma
|
okuyosukuma
|
kuyosukuma
|
akuyusukuma
|
okungeyusukuma
|
kungeyusukuma
|
|
Present subjunctive
|
|
Positive
|
Negative
|
1st singular
|
ngisukume
|
ngingasukumi
|
2nd singular
|
usukume
|
ungasukumi
|
1st plural
|
sisukume
|
singasukumi
|
2nd plural
|
nisukume
|
ningasukumi
|
Class 1
|
asukume
|
angasukumi
|
Class 2
|
basukume
|
bangasukumi
|
Class 3
|
usukume
|
ungasukumi
|
Class 4
|
isukume
|
ingasukumi
|
Class 5
|
lisukume
|
lingasukumi
|
Class 6
|
asukume
|
angasukumi
|
Class 7
|
sisukume
|
singasukumi
|
Class 8
|
zisukume
|
zingasukumi
|
Class 9
|
isukume
|
ingasukumi
|
Class 10
|
zisukume
|
zingasukumi
|
Class 11
|
lusukume
|
lungasukumi
|
Class 14
|
busukume
|
bungasukumi
|
Class 15
|
kusukume
|
kungasukumi
|
Class 17
|
kusukume
|
kungasukumi
|
|
Past subjunctive
|
|
Positive
|
Negative
|
1st singular
|
ngasukuma
|
ngangasukuma, angasukuma, angangasukuma
|
2nd singular
|
wasukuma
|
wangasukuma, awasukuma, awangasukuma
|
1st plural
|
sasukuma
|
sangasukuma, asasukuma, asangasukuma
|
2nd plural
|
nasukuma
|
nangasukuma, anasukuma, anangasukuma
|
Class 1
|
wasukuma
|
wangasukuma, akasukuma, akangasukuma
|
Class 2
|
basukuma
|
bangasukuma, abasukuma, abangasukuma
|
Class 3
|
wasukuma
|
wangasukuma, awasukuma, awangasukuma
|
Class 4
|
yasukuma
|
yangasukuma, ayasukuma, ayangasukuma
|
Class 5
|
lasukuma
|
langasukuma, alasukuma, alangasukuma
|
Class 6
|
asukuma
|
angasukuma, awasukuma, awangasukuma
|
Class 7
|
sasukuma
|
sangasukuma, asasukuma, asangasukuma
|
Class 8
|
zasukuma
|
zangasukuma, azasukuma, azangasukuma
|
Class 9
|
yasukuma
|
yangasukuma, ayasukuma, ayangasukuma
|
Class 10
|
zasukuma
|
zangasukuma, azasukuma, azangasukuma
|
Class 11
|
lwasukuma
|
lwangasukuma, alwasukuma, alwangasukuma
|
Class 14
|
basukuma
|
bangasukuma, abasukuma, abangasukuma
|
Class 15
|
kwasukuma
|
kwangasukuma, akwasukuma, akwangasukuma
|
Class 17
|
kwasukuma
|
kwangasukuma, akwasukuma, akwangasukuma
|
References