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sullen. In DICTIOUS you will not only get to know all the dictionary meanings for the word
sullen, but we will also tell you about its etymology, its characteristics and you will know how to say
sullen in singular and plural. Everything you need to know about the word
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English
Etymology
From Middle English solein, from Anglo-Norman soleyn (“alone”), from Old French sole (“single, sole, alone”), from Latin sōlus (“by oneself alone”). The change in meaning from "single" to morose occurred in Middle English.
Pronunciation
Adjective
sullen (comparative sullener, superlative sullenest)
- Having a brooding ill temper; sulky.
1709, Matthew Prior, Pleasure:And sullen I forsook the imperfect feast.
- 2007, Steven Wilson, "Normal", Porcupine Tree, Nil Recurring.
Sullen and bored the kids stay / And in this way wish away each day
- Gloomy; dismal; foreboding.
a sullen atmosphere
c. 1591–1595 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Romeo and Ivliet”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies (First Folio), London: Isaac Iaggard, and Ed Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, , line 88:Our solemn hymns to sullen dirges change;
- Sluggish; slow.
1814 July 7, [Walter Scott], Waverley; , volumes (please specify |volume=I to III), Edinburgh: James Ballantyne and Co. for Archibald Constable and Co.; London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown, →OCLC:The larger [stream] was placid, and even sullen, in its course.
- (obsolete) Lonely; solitary; desolate.
- (obsolete) Mischievous; malignant; unpropitious.
- (obsolete) Obstinate; intractable.
Synonyms
(in a bad mood):
Antonyms
Translations
having a brooding ill temper
- Armenian: խոժոռ (hy) (xožoṙ)
- Bulgarian: мрачен (bg) (mračen), навъсен (bg) (navǎsen)
- Catalan: esquerp (ca), sorrut (ca), malhumorat (ca)
- Danish: vrangvillig, mut
- Dutch: gemelijk (nl), nors (nl)
- Finnish: nyreä, yrmeä (fi), ynseä (fi), juro (fi)
- French: maussade (fr), morose (fr)
- Galician: túzaro (gl)
- German: mürrisch (de), schlecht gelaunt, sauer (de), missmutig (de), übellaunig (de), unfreundlich (de), verdrießlich (de), grämlich, unzufrieden (de)
- Greek:
- Ancient: σκυθρωπός (skuthrōpós), βαρύθυμος (barúthumos)
- Italian: afflitto (it) m, astioso (it)
- Kurdish:
- Central Kurdish: گرژ (girj)
- Maori: whakamokeke, haumaruru, tukumaru, whakarikiriki, tukumaru
- Plautdietsch: prunsch
- Portuguese: carrancudo (pt)
- Russian: угрю́мый (ru) (ugrjúmyj)
- Scottish Gaelic: gruamach
- Serbo-Croatian: мрзовољан, mrzovoljan (sh)
- Spanish: hosco (es), huraño (es)
- Swedish: surmulen (sv), trumpen (sv)
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dismal
- Armenian: մռայլ (hy) (mṙayl)
- Bulgarian: зловещ (bg) (zlovešt)
- Danish: mørk (da), dyster
- Dutch: somber (nl)
- Finnish: synkeä (fi)
- French: morne (fr)
- German: düster (de), traurig (de), finster (de), trostlos (de), trübselig (de), fade (de), trüb (de), kläglich (de), trübe (de), miserabel (de), jämmerlich (de), trist (de), trübsinnig (de), kläglich (de), griesgrämig (de)
- Italian: tetro (it), cupo (it), disarmante (it)
- Maori: pōkē, pōkēkē, tukumaru
- Norwegian: muggen, utilfreds, trist
- Portuguese: sombrio (pt)
- Russian: печа́льный (ru) (pečálʹnyj)
- Scottish Gaelic: gruamach
- Serbo-Croatian: суморан, sumoran (sh)
- Spanish: sombrío (es)
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Noun
sullen (plural sullens)
- (obsolete) One who is solitary, or lives alone; a hermit.
- (in the plural) Sullen feelings or manners; sulks; moroseness.
1595 December 9 (first known performance), William Shakespeare, “The life and death of King Richard the Second”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies: Published According to the True Originall Copies (First Folio), London: Isaac Iaggard, and Ed Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, , line 139:And let them die that age and sullens have;
1748, [Samuel Richardson], chapter 7, in Clarissa. Or, The History of a Young Lady: , volume I, London: S Richardson; , →OCLC:[M]y brother […] charged my desire of being excused coming down to sullens, because a certain person had been spoken against, upon whom, as he supposed, my fancy ran.
Anagrams
Middle Dutch
Etymology
From Old Dutch sulan.
Verb
sullen
- (auxiliary) must, to have to
- (auxiliary, negated) may, be allowed to
- (auxiliary) will, shall, be going to (future tense)
1249, Schepenbrief van Bochoute, Velzeke, eastern Flanders:Descepenen van bochouta quedden alle degene die dese lettren sien selen i(n) onsen here.- The aldermen of Bochoute address all who will see this letter by our lord.
- (auxiliary, in the past tense) to be about to (inchoative)
- (modal auxiliary) indicates a possible or hypothetical situation
- (modal auxiliary) indicates information garnered from a third party that may or may not be reliable
Inflection
This verb needs an inflection-table template.
Alternative forms
Descendants
Further reading
Middle English
Verb
sullen
- Alternative form of sellen
Northern Sami
Pronunciation
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Verb
sūllen
- first-person singular past indicative of suollit