suma

Basque

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /s̺uma/
• Rhymes: -uma
• Hyphenation: su‧ma

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Spanish suma (“sum”).

Noun

suma inan

1. (dated) amount, quantity

   Synonym: kopuru

Declension

Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

suma inan

1. smell (sense)

   Synonym: usaimen

Declension

Further reading

• "suma" in Euskaltzaindiaren Hiztegia , euskaltzaindia.eus
• “suma” in Orotariko Euskal Hiztegia , euskaltzaindia.eus

Catalan

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Latin summa.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Central, Balearic)
• IPA^(key): (Valencian)

• Audio

  (file)

Noun

suma f (plural sumes)

1. sum

Derived terms

• en suma

Etymology 2

Verb

suma

1. inflection of sumar:
   1. third-person singular present indicative
   2. second-person singular imperative

Cebuano

Etymology 1

From Spanish suma, from Latin summa.

Verb

suma

1. to reckon
2. to tabulate

Etymology 2

Unknown.

Adjective

suma

1. according to

Finnish

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *sum(p)a.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈsumɑ/,
• Rhymes: -umɑ
• Syllabification^(key): su‧ma

Noun

suma

1. logjam

   Synonym: jumi

2. traffic jam

   Synonym: ruuhka

3. (figuratively, in compounds) accumulation, bunch

   kolarisuma ― pile-up

Declension

Derived terms

Further reading

• “suma”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-03

Anagrams

• Samu, masu, musa, usma

Galician

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈsuma/
• Rhymes: -uma
• Hyphenation: su‧ma

Etymology 1

Noun

suma f (plural sumas)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

suma

1. inflection of sumir:
   1. first/third-person singular present subjunctive
   2. third-person singular imperative

Gothic

Romanization

suma

1. Romanization of 𐍃𐌿𐌼𐌰

Guinea-Bissau Creole

Etymology

Perhaps from Portuguese assim + como ("thus how").

Adverb

suma

1. because

Ingrian

Etymology

Borrowed from Russian сума (suma).

Pronunciation

• (Ala-Laukaa) IPA^(key): /ˈsumɑ/,
• (Soikkola) IPA^(key): /ˈsumɑ/,
• Rhymes: -umɑ
• Hyphenation: su‧ma

Noun

suma

1. bag
   • 1936, N. A. Iljin and V. I. Junus, Bukvari iƶoroin șkouluja vart, Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 22:

     Siso ompeli suman.

     Sis sewed the bag.

   • 1936, V. I. Junus, Iƶoran Keelen Grammatikka‎, Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 75:

     Ohotnikka otti jänistä käpälist ja pani summaa.

     The hunter took the legs of the rabbit and put it in the bag.

   • 1936, D. I. Efimov, Lukukirja: Inkeroisia alkușkouluja vart (ensimäine osa), Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva:

     Valja otti suman, pani bukvarin summaa ja laati paljton päälle.

     Valja took bag, put a primer into the bag and put an overcoat on.

Declension

Derived terms

References

• Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 550

Italian

Verb

suma

1. inflection of sumere:
   1. first/second/third-person singular present subjunctive
   2. third-person singular imperative

Anagrams

• musa

Lithuanian

Lithuanian Wikipedia has an article on:

suma

Wikipedia ^lt

Etymology

Ultimately from Latin summa. The religious sense is borrowed from Polish suma.

Noun

sumà f (plural sùmos) stress pattern 4

1. (mathematics) sum (quantity obtained by addition)
2. sum (quantity of money)
3. (Catholicism) noon mass on a holy day; High Mass

Declension

References

Further reading

• “suma”, in Lietuvių kalbos žodynas [Dictionary of the Lithuanian language], lkz.lt, 1941–2024
• “suma”, in Dabartinės lietuvių kalbos žodynas [Dictionary of contemporary Lithuanian], ekalba.lt, 1954–2024

Masurian

Etymology

Inherited from Old Polish suma.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):
• Syllabification: suma

Noun

suma f

1. sum (quantity of money)
   • 1954-1986, Kartoteka Słownika Gwar Ostródzkiego, Warmii i Mazur‎, volume 1508, number Strzał - Szczęście:

     Moj przijaćel jest mńe duzo sume ṕeńenʒi zińen.

     [Mój prżijacziel jest mnie duzá sume psieniendzÿ zinien.]

     My friend owes me a large sum of money.

Norn

Etymology

From Old Norse svimma, svima, from Proto-Germanic *swimmaną.

Verb

suma

1. to swim, float

Old Norse

Pronoun

suma

1. inflection of sumr:
   1. feminine accusative singular
   2. masculine accusative plural

Old Polish

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Latin summa. First attested in the 15th century.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (10^th–15^th CE) /suma/
• IPA^(key): (15^th CE) /suma/

Noun

suma f

1. sum (quantity of money)
   • 1895 [1448–1450], Franciszek Piekosiński, editor, Tłumaczenia polskie statutów ziemskich, Kodeks Świętosławów, page 27:

     Czy vbodzy slyachczycy... o pewney svmmye pyenyądzi (de certa summa pecuniae) szą gednayą z nymy

     [Ci ubodzy ślachcicy... o pewnej summie pieniędzy (de certa summa pecuniae) się jednają z nimi]

   • 1950 [1437], Władysław Kuraszkiewicz, Adam Wolff, editors, Zapiski i roty polskie XV-XVI wieku z ksiąg sądowych ziemi warszawskiej, number 493:

     Jakom ya nye ranczyl Jsakowi gyenyey kopy geno s they szumy, czo w xøgach m[y]a

     [Jakom ja nie ręczył Izakowi jeniej kopy jeno z tej sumy, co w księgach m[y]a]

Derived terms

Descendants

• Masurian: suma
• Polish: suma
• Silesian: suma

References

• B. Sieradzka-Baziur, editor (2011–2015), “suma”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN

Polish

Polish Wikipedia has an article on:

suma

Wikipedia ^pl

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈsu.ma/
• (Middle Polish) IPA^(key): /ˈsu.ma/

• Audio 1

  (file)

• Audio 2

  (file)

• Rhymes: -uma
• Syllabification: su‧ma
• Homophone: Suma

Etymology 1

Inherited from Old Polish suma.

Noun

suma f (related adjective sumowy)

1. sum (quantity of money)

   Synonym: kwota

2. (mathematics) sum (quantity obtained by addition)
3. sum (quantity obtained by aggregation)

   Synonyms: całokształt, całość, ogół

4. (Roman Catholicism) mass, service (main mass help in church on Sundays and holidays)

   Hypernym: msza

5. (Middle Polish) sum, summary (short summation of text)

   Synonym: podsumowanie

Declension

Derived terms

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Noun

suma m animal

1. genitive/accusative singular of sum

Trivia

According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), suma is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 24 times in scientific texts, 24 times in news, 22 times in essays, 6 times in fiction, and 3 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 79 times, making it the 819th most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.

References

Further reading

• suma in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• suma in Polish dictionaries at PWN
• Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “suma”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]
• “SUMA”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century], 23.03.2023
• Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814) “suma”, in Słownik języka polskiego‎
• Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861) “suma”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861‎
• J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1915), “suma”, in Słownik języka polskiego‎ (in Polish), volume 6, Warsaw, page 510

Portuguese

Etymology 1

Adjective

suma

1. feminine singular of sumo

Etymology 2

Verb

suma

1. inflection of sumir:
   1. first/third-person singular present subjunctive
   2. third-person singular imperative

Romanian

Etymology

Borrowed from French sommer.

Verb

a suma (third-person singular present sumează, past participle sumat) 1st conj.

1. to sum up

Conjugation

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin summa.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /sûma/
• Hyphenation: su‧ma

Noun

sȕma f (Cyrillic spelling су̏ма)

1. sum, total

Declension

Silesian

Etymology

Inherited from Old Polish suma.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈsuma/
• Rhymes: -uma
• Syllabification: su‧ma

Noun

suma f

1. sum (amount of money)

Further reading

• suma in silling.org

Spanish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈsuma/

• Audio (Colombia):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -uma
• Syllabification: su‧ma

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Latin summa. Doublet of the inherited soma (“coarse flour”).

Noun

suma f (plural sumas)

1. sum
2. addition

   Antonym: resta

Derived terms

Related terms

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Adjective

suma

1. feminine singular of sumo

Verb

suma

1. inflection of sumar:
   1. third-person singular present indicative
   2. second-person singular imperative
2. inflection of sumir:
   1. first/third-person singular present subjunctive
   2. third-person singular imperative

References

Further reading

• “suma”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014

Sranan Tongo

Noun

suma

1. who (interrogative)

Venda

Verb

suma

1. to report

Votic

Etymology

Borrowed from Russian сума (suma).

Pronunciation

• (Luutsa, Liivtšülä) IPA^(key): /ˈsumɑ/,
• Rhymes: -umɑ
• Hyphenation: su‧ma

Noun

suma

1. pouch, bag

Inflection

References

• Hallap, V., Adler, E., Grünberg, S., Leppik, M. (2012) “suma”, in Vadja keele sõnaraamat [A dictionary of the Votic language], 2nd edition, Tallinn