Borrowed from Latin surgere (“to get up, arise”). Doublet of sourdre.
surgir
This is a regular verb of the second conjugation, like finir, choisir, and most other verbs with infinitives ending in -ir. One salient feature of this conjugation is the repeated appearance of the infix -iss-.
infinitive | simple | surgir | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
present participle or gerund1 | simple | surgissant /syʁ.ʒi.sɑ̃/ | |||||
compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
past participle | surgi /syʁ.ʒi/ | ||||||
singular | plural | ||||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
(simple tenses) |
present | surgis /syʁ.ʒi/ |
surgis /syʁ.ʒi/ |
surgit /syʁ.ʒi/ |
surgissons /syʁ.ʒi.sɔ̃/ |
surgissez /syʁ.ʒi.se/ |
surgissent /syʁ.ʒis/ |
imperfect | surgissais /syʁ.ʒi.sɛ/ |
surgissais /syʁ.ʒi.sɛ/ |
surgissait /syʁ.ʒi.sɛ/ |
surgissions /syʁ.ʒi.sjɔ̃/ |
surgissiez /syʁ.ʒi.sje/ |
surgissaient /syʁ.ʒi.sɛ/ | |
past historic2 | surgis /syʁ.ʒi/ |
surgis /syʁ.ʒi/ |
surgit /syʁ.ʒi/ |
surgîmes /syʁ.ʒim/ |
surgîtes /syʁ.ʒit/ |
surgirent /syʁ.ʒiʁ/ | |
future | surgirai /syʁ.ʒi.ʁe/ |
surgiras /syʁ.ʒi.ʁa/ |
surgira /syʁ.ʒi.ʁa/ |
surgirons /syʁ.ʒi.ʁɔ̃/ |
surgirez /syʁ.ʒi.ʁe/ |
surgiront /syʁ.ʒi.ʁɔ̃/ | |
conditional | surgirais /syʁ.ʒi.ʁɛ/ |
surgirais /syʁ.ʒi.ʁɛ/ |
surgirait /syʁ.ʒi.ʁɛ/ |
surgirions /syʁ.ʒi.ʁjɔ̃/ |
surgiriez /syʁ.ʒi.ʁje/ |
surgiraient /syʁ.ʒi.ʁɛ/ | |
(compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
(simple tenses) |
present | surgisse /syʁ.ʒis/ |
surgisses /syʁ.ʒis/ |
surgisse /syʁ.ʒis/ |
surgissions /syʁ.ʒi.sjɔ̃/ |
surgissiez /syʁ.ʒi.sje/ |
surgissent /syʁ.ʒis/ |
imperfect2 | surgisse /syʁ.ʒis/ |
surgisses /syʁ.ʒis/ |
surgît /syʁ.ʒi/ |
surgissions /syʁ.ʒi.sjɔ̃/ |
surgissiez /syʁ.ʒi.sje/ |
surgissent /syʁ.ʒis/ | |
(compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
imperative | – | – | – | ||||
simple | — | surgis /syʁ.ʒi/ |
— | surgissons /syʁ.ʒi.sɔ̃/ |
surgissez /syʁ.ʒi.se/ |
— | |
compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris , Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). |
From Latin surgere (“to get up, to arise”).
surgir (first-person singular present surjo, first-person singular preterite surgi, past participle surgido)
From Latin surgere (“to get up, arise”). Cognate with English surge and source.
surgir (first-person singular present surjo, first-person singular preterite surgí, past participle surgido)
infinitive | surgir | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gerund | surgiendo | ||||||
past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
singular | surgido | surgida | |||||
plural | surgidos | surgidas | |||||
singular | plural | ||||||
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
indicative | yo | tú vos |
él/ella/ello usted |
nosotros nosotras |
vosotros vosotras |
ellos/ellas ustedes | |
present | surjo | surgestú surgísvos |
surge | surgimos | surgís | surgen | |
imperfect | surgía | surgías | surgía | surgíamos | surgíais | surgían | |
preterite | surgí | surgiste | surgió | surgimos | surgisteis | surgieron | |
future | surgiré | surgirás | surgirá | surgiremos | surgiréis | surgirán | |
conditional | surgiría | surgirías | surgiría | surgiríamos | surgiríais | surgirían | |
subjunctive | yo | tú vos |
él/ella/ello usted |
nosotros nosotras |
vosotros vosotras |
ellos/ellas ustedes | |
present | surja | surjastú surjásvos2 |
surja | surjamos | surjáis | surjan | |
imperfect (ra) |
surgiera | surgieras | surgiera | surgiéramos | surgierais | surgieran | |
imperfect (se) |
surgiese | surgieses | surgiese | surgiésemos | surgieseis | surgiesen | |
future1 | surgiere | surgieres | surgiere | surgiéremos | surgiereis | surgieren | |
imperative | — | tú vos |
usted | nosotros nosotras |
vosotros vosotras |
ustedes | |
affirmative | surgetú surgívos |
surja | surjamos | surgid | surjan | ||
negative | no surjas | no surja | no surjamos | no surjáis | no surjan |
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.