survenir

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French

Etymology

From sur- +‎ venir.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /syʁ.və.niʁ/
  • Audio:(file)

Verb

survenir

  1. to occur
  2. to happen unexpectedly
  3. (of a person) to appear, arrive (unexpectedly)
    • Un loup survient à jeun, qui cherchait aventure
      A wolf on an empty stomach appeared, looking for adventure
      (Jean de la Fontaine)

Conjugation

This is a verb in a group of -ir verbs. All verbs ending in -venir, such as convenir and devenir, are conjugated this way. Such verbs are the only verbs whose the past historic and subjunctive imperfect endings do not start in one of these thematic vowels (-a-, -i-, -u-).

Conjugation of survenir (see also Appendix:French verbs)
infinitive simple survenir
compound être + past participle
present participle or gerund1 simple survenant
/syʁ.və.nɑ̃/
compound étant + past participle
past participle survenu
/syʁ.və.ny/
singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative je (j’) tu il, elle, on nous vous ils, elles
(simple
tenses) 		present surviens
/syʁ.vjɛ̃/ 		surviens
/syʁ.vjɛ̃/ 		survient
/syʁ.vjɛ̃/ 		survenons
/syʁ.və.nɔ̃/ 		survenez
/syʁ.və.ne/ 		surviennent
/syʁ.vjɛn/
imperfect survenais
/syʁ.və.nɛ/ 		survenais
/syʁ.və.nɛ/ 		survenait
/syʁ.və.nɛ/ 		survenions
/syʁ.və.njɔ̃/ 		surveniez
/syʁ.və.nje/ 		survenaient
/syʁ.və.nɛ/
past historic2 survins
/syʁ.vɛ̃/ 		survins
/syʁ.vɛ̃/ 		survint
/syʁ.vɛ̃/ 		survînmes
/syʁ.vɛ̃m/ 		survîntes
/syʁ.vɛ̃t/ 		survinrent
/syʁ.vɛ̃ʁ/
future surviendrai
/syʁ.vjɛ̃.dʁe/ 		surviendras
/syʁ.vjɛ̃.dʁa/ 		surviendra
/syʁ.vjɛ̃.dʁa/ 		surviendrons
/syʁ.vjɛ̃.dʁɔ̃/ 		surviendrez
/syʁ.vjɛ̃.dʁe/ 		surviendront
/syʁ.vjɛ̃.dʁɔ̃/
conditional surviendrais
/syʁ.vjɛ̃.dʁɛ/ 		surviendrais
/syʁ.vjɛ̃.dʁɛ/ 		surviendrait
/syʁ.vjɛ̃.dʁɛ/ 		surviendrions
/syʁ.vjɛ̃.dʁi.jɔ̃/ 		surviendriez
/syʁ.vjɛ̃.dʁi.je/ 		surviendraient
/syʁ.vjɛ̃.dʁɛ/
(compound
tenses) 		present perfect present indicative of être + past participle
pluperfect imperfect indicative of être + past participle
past anterior2 past historic of être + past participle
future perfect future of être + past participle
conditional perfect conditional of être + past participle
subjunctive que je (j’) que tu qu’il, qu’elle que nous que vous qu’ils, qu’elles
(simple
tenses) 		present survienne
/syʁ.vjɛn/ 		surviennes
/syʁ.vjɛn/ 		survienne
/syʁ.vjɛn/ 		survenions
/syʁ.və.njɔ̃/ 		surveniez
/syʁ.və.nje/ 		surviennent
/syʁ.vjɛn/
imperfect2 survinsse
/syʁ.vɛ̃s/ 		survinsses
/syʁ.vɛ̃s/ 		survînt
/syʁ.vɛ̃/ 		survinssions
/syʁ.vɛ̃.sjɔ̃/ 		survinssiez
/syʁ.vɛ̃.sje/ 		survinssent
/syʁ.vɛ̃s/
(compound
tenses) 		past present subjunctive of être + past participle
pluperfect2 imperfect subjunctive of être + past participle
imperative – tu – nous vous –
simple — surviens
/syʁ.vjɛ̃/ 		— survenons
/syʁ.və.nɔ̃/ 		survenez
/syʁ.və.ne/ 		—
compound — simple imperative of être + past participle — simple imperative of être + past participle simple imperative of être + past participle —
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en.
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
  • past historic → present perfect
  • past anterior → pluperfect
  • imperfect subjunctive → present subjunctive
  • pluperfect subjunctive → past subjunctive

(Christopher Kendris , Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81).

Synonyms

Further reading

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