svainis

From Proto-Baltic *swaynya-, from Proto-Indo-European *swoini, probably meaning “ours,” “one of us”, from *swe-, *swo- with an extra in, from the reflexive pronominal stem *se- (“one's own”) with an extra -we, -wo (whence also Latvian savs). The meaning probably went from “one of us, one of our relatives” to “one who has become a relative (by marriage)” and was then restricted to “brother-in-law.” Cognates include Lithuanian sváinis (“wife's sister's husband”), Old High German swein (“servant, shepherd”) (< “one of us”), Messapic veinam (“one's own (acc.)”).^[1]

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svainis m (2nd declension, feminine form: svaine or svainiene)

1. brother-in-law (one's wife's brother or one's husband's brother; also, one's sister's husband, or one's wife's sister's husband)

   tev pašam māsa un svainis strādā kaut kur kolhozā ― your very sister and brother-in-law work somewhere in a collective farm

   Līzbetei daudz radu nebija... pilnīgi cerams, ka svainis Līdaks ar māsu Gerdu bērēs nebūs ― Līzbete didn't have many relatives... it can certainly be hoped that (her) brother-in-law Līdaks and (her) sister Gerda won't be at the funeral

• svainība

Cognate with Latvian svainis (“brother-in-law”), from Proto-Indo-European *swoy-n(i)o-s, a derivative of *swe- (“self”).^[1]

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sváinis m (plural sváiniai, feminine sváinė) stress pattern 1^[2]

1. brother-in-law