svimma
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en kvinna som svimmar
Old Norse
Alternative forms
Etymology
From Proto-Germanic *swimmaną.
Verb
svimma (singular past indicative svamm, plural past indicative summu, past participle summinn)
- (intransitive) to swim
Conjugation
Conjugation of svimma — active (strong class 3)
| infinitive | svimma | |
|---|---|---|
| present participle | svimmandi | |
| past participle | summinn | |
| indicative | present | past |
| 1st-person singular | svimm | svamm |
| 2nd-person singular | svimmr | svammt |
| 3rd-person singular | svimmr | svamm |
| 1st-person plural | svimmum | summum |
| 2nd-person plural | svimmið | summuð |
| 3rd-person plural | svimma | summu |
| subjunctive | present | past |
| 1st-person singular | svimma | symma |
| 2nd-person singular | svimmir | symmir |
| 3rd-person singular | svimmi | symmi |
| 1st-person plural | svimmim | symmim |
| 2nd-person plural | svimmið | symmið |
| 3rd-person plural | svimmi | symmi |
| imperative | present | |
| 2nd-person singular | svimm | |
| 1st-person plural | svimmum | |
| 2nd-person plural | svimmið | |
Conjugation of svimma — mediopassive (strong class 3)
| infinitive | svimmask | |
|---|---|---|
| present participle | svimmandisk | |
| past participle | summizk | |
| indicative | present | past |
| 1st-person singular | svimmumk | summumk |
| 2nd-person singular | svimmsk | svammzk |
| 3rd-person singular | svimmsk | svammsk |
| 1st-person plural | svimmumsk | summumsk |
| 2nd-person plural | svimmizk | summuzk |
| 3rd-person plural | svimmask | summusk |
| subjunctive | present | past |
| 1st-person singular | svimmumk | symmumk |
| 2nd-person singular | svimmisk | symmisk |
| 3rd-person singular | svimmisk | symmisk |
| 1st-person plural | svimmimsk | symmimsk |
| 2nd-person plural | svimmizk | symmizk |
| 3rd-person plural | svimmisk | symmisk |
| imperative | present | |
| 2nd-person singular | svimmsk | |
| 1st-person plural | svimmumsk | |
| 2nd-person plural | svimmizk | |
Descendants
- Faroese: svimja
- Icelandic: svimma, svima, symja
- Norn: suma
- Norwegian Nynorsk: symja, svemja
- Jamtish: symi
- Elfdalian: simma
- Old Swedish: symma
- Swedish: simma
- Scanian: sømma
- Old Danish: swimmæ
- Gutnish: sime
References
- “svimma”, in Geir T. Zoëga (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press
Swedish
Etymology
From Middle Low German swimen, from Proto-Germanic *swīmaną (“to sway, to swoon”). Cf. Danish besvime, Norwegian Bokmål besvime, Norwegian Nynorsk svime, English sweem, Dutch zwijm. Likely related to English swoon.
Verb
svimma (present svimmar, preterite svimmade, supine svimmat, imperative svimma)
- (sometimes with av (“off”)) to faint, to pass out
- Synonym: tuppa av
- Jag svimmade av skräck när jag såg vampyren
- I fainted with fear when I saw the vampire
- att svimma (av)
- to pass out
Usage notes
- Avsvimmad is used for the past participle.
- "Svimma" is a bit closer to "faint," while "tuppa av" is closer to "pass out," though "svimma" does not sound literary.
Conjugation
Conjugation of svimma (weak)
| Active | Passive | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Infinitive | svimma | — | ||
| Supine | svimmat | — | ||
| Imperative | svimma | — | ||
| Imper. plural1 | svimmen | — | ||
| Present | Past | Present | Past | |
| Indicative | svimmar | svimmade | — | — |
| Ind. plural1 | svimma | svimmade | — | — |
| Subjunctive2 | svimme | svimmade | — | — |
| Participles | ||||
| Present participle | svimmande | |||
| Past participle | avsvimmad | |||
| 1 Archaic. 2 Dated. See the appendix on Swedish verbs. | ||||