swæs

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Old English

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *swēsaz (“one's own, familiar, trusted”), *swēsa- (“own, relation”), from Proto-Indo-European. Cognate with Old Frisian swēs (“related”), Old Saxon swās (“dear”), Old Norse sváss (“dear, beloved”), Gothic 𐍃𐍅𐌴𐍃 (swēs, “own”). The Indo-European root is also the source of Latin sibi, Russian себя́ (sebjá).

Pronunciation

Adjective

swǣs

  1. dear, beloved
    • 10th century, The Wanderer:
      Þonne bēoð þȳ hefiġran · heortan benne,
      sāre æfter swǣsne. · Sorg bið ġenīwad,
      Then heart's wounds are heavier,
      painful after beloved. Sorrow is renewed
  2. own

Usage notes

  • Occurs mostly, but not entirely, in poetry.

Declension

Declension of swǣs — Strong
Singular Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative swǣs swǣs swǣs
Accusative swǣsne swǣse swǣs
Genitive swǣses swǣsre swǣses
Dative swǣsum swǣsre swǣsum
Instrumental swǣse swǣsre swǣse
Plural Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative swǣse swǣsa, swǣse swǣs
Accusative swǣse swǣsa, swǣse swǣs
Genitive swǣsra swǣsra swǣsra
Dative swǣsum swǣsum swǣsum
Instrumental swǣsum swǣsum swǣsum
Declension of swǣs — Weak
Singular Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative swǣsa swǣse swǣse
Accusative swǣsan swǣsan swǣse
Genitive swǣsan swǣsan swǣsan
Dative swǣsan swǣsan swǣsan
Instrumental swǣsan swǣsan swǣsan
Plural Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative swǣsan swǣsan swǣsan
Accusative swǣsan swǣsan swǣsan
Genitive swǣsra, swǣsena swǣsra, swǣsena swǣsra, swǣsena
Dative swǣsum swǣsum swǣsum
Instrumental swǣsum swǣsum swǣsum

Derived terms

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