szf

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Egyptian

Etymology

s- (causative prefix) +‎ zf (“to be(come) mild, merciful”).

Pronunciation

Verb

z
z		 fD20A2

 caus. 2-lit.

  1. (transitive, hapax) to mollify, to soothe, to agree well with
    • c. 1900 BCE, The Instructions of Kagemni (pPrisse/pBN 183) lines 1.9–1.10:
      mAtwI3riH_SPACE
      W      		 fF51
      Z2      		 rgsZ1sk
      n      		 I3A1O43p
      a      		 a
      f      		 n
      k
      mwiin
      n      		 astkAA2z
      z      		 f
      t      		 D20A2pW
      (j)m ꜣtw r jwf r gs skn šzp dj.f n.k (j)m wjn st kꜣ szft pw
      Don’t raven after meat next to a voracious man; partake when he gives to you. Don’t reject it; then it will be something soothing.

Inflection

Conjugation of szf (causative biliteral / caus. 2-lit. / caus. 2rad.) — base stem: szf
infinitival forms imperative
infinitive negatival complement complementary infinitive1 singular plural
szft, szf
 szfw, szf
 szft
 szf
 szf
‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem periphrastic imperfective2 periphrastic prospective2
szf
 ḥr szf
 m szf
 r szf
suffix conjugation
aspect / mood active passive contingent
aspect / mood active passive
perfect szf.n
 szfw, szf
 consecutive szf.jn
 active + .tj1, .tw2
active + .tj1, .tw2
terminative szft
perfective3 szf
 active + .tj1, .tw2
 obligative1 szf.ḫr
 active + .tj1, .tw2
imperfective szf
 active + .tj1, .tw2
prospective3 szfw, szf, szfy
 szfw, szf, szfy
 potentialis1 szf.kꜣ
 active + .tj1, .tw2
active + .tj1, .tw2
subjunctive szf
 active + .tj1, .tw2
verbal adjectives
aspect / mood relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms participles
active passive active passive
perfect szf.n
 active + .tj1, .tw2
 — —
perfective szf
 active + .tj1, .tw2
 szf
 szf, szfw5, szfy5
imperfective szf, szfy, szfw5
 active + .tj1, .tw2
 szf, szfj6, szfy6
 szf, szfw5
prospective szf, szftj7
 — szfwtj1 4, szftj4, szft4
  1. Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian.
  2. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian.
  3. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective.
  4. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn.
  5. Only in the masculine singular.
  6. Only in the masculine.
  7. Only in the feminine.

References

  • “szf (lemma ID 143990)”, in Thesaurus Linguae Aegyptiae‎, Corpus issue 18, Web app version 2.1.5, Tonio Sebastian Richter & Daniel A. Werning by order of the Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie der Wissenschaften and Hans-Werner Fischer-Elfert & Peter Dils by order of the Sächsische Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Leipzig, 2004–26 July 2023
  • Erman, Adolf, Grapow, Hermann (1930) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache‎, volume 4, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, page 274.3
  • Faulkner, Raymond Oliver (1962) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN, page 245
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