sám

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See also: Appendix:Variations of "sam"

Czech

Etymology

Inherited from Old Czech sám, from Proto-Slavic *samъ, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *sāmas, from Proto-Indo-European *somHós.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key):
  • Audio:(file)

Pronoun

sám m

  1. oneself, himself, herself, itself
    Již sám velký mistr to říkal. ― The great master already said it himself.

Adjective

sám

  1. alone, by oneself
    Nechci být sám. ― I don't want to be alone.
    Odtud půjdeš sama. ― From here you go alone.
  2. lonely

Declension

Declension of sám (irregular)
singular
masculine animate masculine inanimate feminine neuter
nominative sám sama samo
genitive samého samé samého
dative samému samé samému
accusative sama, samého sám samu samo
locative samém samé samém
instrumental samým samou samým
plural
masculine animate masculine inanimate feminine neuter
nominative sami samy sama
genitive samých
dative samým
accusative samy sama
locative samých
instrumental samými

Derived terms

Further reading

  • “sám”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
  • “sám”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
  • “sám”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech), 2008–2025

Maleng

Numeral

sám

  1. eight

Old Czech

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *samъ.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): (13th CE) /ˈsaːm/
  • IPA(key): (15th CE) /ˈsaːm/

Pronoun

sám m

  1. self, oneself, alone

Declension

Declension of sám (irregular)
singular
masculine feminine neuter
nominative sám sama samo
genitive samoho, sama samé samoho, sama
dative samomu, samu samej, saméj samomu, samu
accusative samoho, sama, sám samu samo
locative samom samej, saméj samom
instrumental samiem samú samiem
dual
masculine feminine neuter
nominative sama samě
genitive samú
dative saměma
accusative sama samě
locative samú
instrumental saměma
plural
masculine feminine neuter
nominative sami samy sama
genitive saměch
dative saměm
accusative samy sama
locative saměch
instrumental saměmi

Derived terms

Descendants

  • Czech: sám

References

Old Norse

Verb

sám

  1. first-person plural present indicative active of sá
  2. first-person plural past indicative active of sjá
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