sḏm

Hello, you have come here looking for the meaning of the word sḏm. In DICTIOUS you will not only get to know all the dictionary meanings for the word sḏm, but we will also tell you about its etymology, its characteristics and you will know how to say sḏm in singular and plural. Everything you need to know about the word sḏm you have here. The definition of the word sḏm will help you to be more precise and correct when speaking or writing your texts. Knowing the definition ofsḏm, as well as those of other words, enriches your vocabulary and provides you with more and better linguistic resources.
See also: sdm and sDm

Egyptian

Etymology

Compare Proto-Semitic *šamaʕ- (to hear, to listen). Apparently unrelated to Proto-Indo-European *swenh₂- (to sound).

Pronunciation

 
  • (reconstructed) IPA(key): /ˈsaːcʼam//ˈsaːtʼam//ˈsaːtʼəm//ˈsoːtʼəm/

Verb

sD
sDm
m

 3-lit.

  1. (transitive) to hear
  2. (transitive) to obey, to heed
    • c. 1900 BCE, The Instructions of Kagemni (pPrisse/pBN 183) lines 2.4–2.5:
      Drr
      n
      D&dn
      f
      H_SPACE
      n
      sn
      Z2
      irn
      t t
      nb
      t
      mzSY1HrZ1pG41ASf
      d
      warq

      sDmmstmiiD&dA1stmz
      n
      X4Y1HAAY1
      Z2
      HrZ1SAAAtY1
      Z2
      ḏr.n ḏd.n.f n.sn jr ntt nbt m zẖꜣ ḥr pꜣ šfdw sḏm st mj ḏd.j st (j)m zn ḥꜣw ḥr šꜣꜣt
      In the end he said to them: As for everything in the writing on this scroll, heed it as I say it; don’t exceed what has been set down.
  3. (intransitive) to listen (+ n: to (someone))
  4. (transitive) to put on trial, to try

Inflection

Conjugation of sḏm (triliteral / 3-lit. / 3rad.) — base stem: sḏm, geminated stem: sḏmm
infinitival forms imperative
infinitive negatival complement complementary infinitive1 singular plural
sḏm
sḏmw, sḏm
sḏmt
sḏm
sḏm
‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem periphrastic imperfective2 periphrastic prospective2
sḏm
ḥr sḏm
m sḏm
r sḏm
suffix conjugation
aspect / mood active passive contingent
aspect / mood active passive
perfect sḏm.n
sḏmw, sḏm
consecutive sḏm.jn
active + .tj1, .tw2
active + .tj1, .tw2
terminative sḏmt
perfective3 sḏm
active + .tj1, .tw2
obligative1 sḏm.ḫr
active + .tj1, .tw2
imperfective sḏm
active + .tj1, .tw2
prospective3 sḏm
sḏmm
potentialis1 sḏm.kꜣ
active + .tj1, .tw2
active + .tj1, .tw2
subjunctive sḏm
active + .tj1, .tw2
verbal adjectives
aspect / mood relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms participles
active passive active passive
perfect sḏm.n
active + .tj1, .tw2
perfective sḏm
active + .tj1, .tw2
sḏm
sḏm, sḏmw5, sḏmy5
imperfective sḏm, sḏmy, sḏmw5
active + .tj1, .tw2
sḏm, sḏmj6, sḏmy6
sḏm, sḏmw5
prospective sḏm, sḏmtj7
sḏmtj4, sḏmt4

1 Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian.
2 Used mostly since Middle Egyptian.
3 Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective.
4 Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn. 5 Only in the masculine singular.
6 Only in the masculine.
7 Only in the feminine.

Alternative forms

Derived terms

Descendants

Noun

sDmm

 m

  1. trial

References

  • James P Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, pages 282, 299.
  • Hoch, James (1997) Middle Egyptian Grammar, Mississauga: Benben Publications, →ISBN, page 25
  1. ^ Loprieno, Antonio (1995) Ancient Egyptian: A Linguistic Introduction, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 53