tên Nôm

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Vietnamese

Examples

Kẻ Chợ (Thăng Long (昇龍))
Sài Gòn (Gia Định (嘉定))
Huế (Thuận Hoá (順化))
sông Cái (Nhị Thuỷ (珥水), Nhị Hà (珥河))
sông Cả (Lam Giang (藍江))
làng Sen (Kim Liên (金蓮))
làng Giầu (Phù Lưu (扶留))
làng Nành (Phù Ninh (扶寧))

Etymology

tên (name) +‎ Nôm (Southern, Vietnamese, vernacular).

Pronunciation

Noun

tên Nôm

  1. (historical) a demotic name, used by the locals to colloquially refer to a place name, as opposed to tên chữ (formal name, literary name)
    • 2019 October 25, Đỗ Hữu Bảng, “Vài nét về tranh dân gian Đông Hồ [A Few Sketches about Đông Hồ Folk Paintings]”, in Bảo Tàng Bắc Ninh [Bac Ninh Provincial Museum]‎:
      Làng Đông Hồ tên Nôm là làng Mái, tên chữ cổ là làng Đông Mại, (nay thuộc xã Song Hồ, huyện Thuận Thành, tỉnh Bắc Ninh) nổi tiếng về nghề làm hàng mã và nghề làm tranh.
      Đông Hồ village, whose demotic name is Mái and whose ancient literary name is Đông Mại, (now belonging to Song Hồ commune, Thuận Thành district, Bắc Ninh province), is famous for making votive paper objects and paintings.

Usage notes

  • Many of the tên Nôm, although originally used colloquially, had fallen into obscurity and disuse in favor of the tên chữ.
  • In some cases, the tên Nôm and tên chữ are etymologically related, with the tên chữ being the phonetic rendering of the contemporary tên Nôm using Chinese characters, or a translation.