tabhair

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Irish

Etymology

From Old Irish ·tabair, prototonic form of do·beir.[1]

Pronunciation

  • (Munster) IPA(key): /ˈt̪ˠuːɾʲ/
  • (Connacht, Ulster) IPA(key): /ˈt̪ˠoːɾʲ/
  • Note: The phrase tabhair dhom (“give me, gimme”) is pronounced /ˈt̪ˠɔɾˠəmˠ/ in rapid speech.

Verb

tabhair (present analytic tugann, future analytic tabharfaidh, verbal noun tabhairt, past participle tugtha) (transitive, intransitive)

  1. give
  2. bring

Conjugation

conjugation of tabhair (irregular)
singular plural relative autonomous
first second third first second third
indicative present tugaim tugann tú; tugair† tugann sé, sí tugaimid;
tugann muid 		tugann sibh tugann siad;
tugaid† 		a thugann; a thugas /
a dtugann*; a dtugas* 		tugtar
past thug mé;
thugas 		thug tú;
thugais 		thug sé, sí thugamar;
thug muid 		thug sibh;
thugabhair 		thug siad;
thugadar 		a thug /
ar thug* 		tugadh
past habitual thugainn / dtugainn‡‡ thugtá / dtugtᇇ thugadh sé, sí / dtugadh sé, s퇇 thugaimis;
thugadh muid / dtugaimis‡‡; dtugadh muid‡‡ 		thugadh sibh / dtugadh sibh‡‡ thugaidís;
thugadh siad / dtugaidís‡‡; dtugadh siad‡‡ 		a thugadh /
a dtugadh* 		thugtaí / dtugta퇇
future tabharfaidh mé;
tabharfad 		tabharfaidh tú;
tabharfair† 		tabharfaidh sé, sí tabharfaimid;
tabharfaidh muid 		tabharfaidh sibh tabharfaidh siad;
tabharfaid† 		a thabharfaidh; a thabharfas /
a dtabharfaidh*; a dtabharfas* 		tabharfar
conditional thabharfainn / dtabharfainn‡‡ thabharfá / dtabharfᇇ thabharfadh sé, sí / dtabharfadh sé, s퇇 thabharfaimis;
thabharfadh muid / dtabharfaimis‡‡; dtabharfadh muid‡‡ 		thabharfadh sibh / dtabharfadh sibh‡‡ thabharfaidís;
thabharfadh siad / dtabharfaidís‡‡; dtabharfadh siad‡‡ 		a thabharfadh /
a dtabharfadh* 		thabharfaí / dtabharfa퇇
subjunctive present go dtuga mé;
go dtugad† 		go dtuga tú;
go dtugair† 		go dtuga sé, sí go dtugaimid;
go dtuga muid 		go dtuga sibh go dtuga siad;
go dtugaid† 		— go dtugtar
past dá dtugainn dá dtugtá dá dtugadh sé, sí dá dtugaimis;
dá dtugadh muid 		dá dtugadh sibh dá dtugaidís;
dá dtugadh siad 		— dá dtugtaí
imperative tugaim tabhair tugadh sé, sí tugaimis tugaigí;
tugaidh† 		tugaidís — tugtar
verbal noun tabhairt
past participle tugtha

* indirect relative
† archaic or dialect form
‡‡ dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis

in older literary language, and sometimes in spoken language, additional forms built on the stems bheir- and tabhr- are found:

singular plural relative autonomous
first second third first second third
indicative present independent bheirim bheir tú;
bheirir 		bheir sé, sí bheirimid;
bheir muid 		bheir sibh bheir siad;
bheirid 		a bheir;
a bheireas 		bheirtear
present dependent tabhraim tabhrann tú;
tabhrair 		tabhrann sé, sí tabhraimid;
tabhrann muid 		tabhrann sibh tabhrann siad;
tabhraid 		a dtabhrann*;
a dtabhras* 		tabhartar
past habitual independent bheirinn bheirteá bheireadh sé, sí bheirimis;
bheireadh muid 		bheireadh sibh bheiridís;
bheireadh siad 		a bheireadh bheirtí
past habitual dependent tabhrainn tabhartá tabhradh sé, sí tabhraimis;
tabhradh muid 		tabhradh sibh tabhraidís;
tabhradh siad 		a dtabhradh* tabhartaí
future independent bhéarfaidh mé;
bhéarfad 		bhéarfaidh tú;
bhéarfair 		bhéarfaidh sé, sí bhéarfaimid;
bhéarfaidh muid 		bhéarfaidh sibh bhéarfaidh siad;
bhéarfaid 		a bhéarfaidh;
a bhéarfas 		bhéarfar
future dependent tiubhraidh mé;
tiubhrad 		tiubhraidh tú;
tiubhrair 		tiubhraidh sé, sí tiubhraimid;
tiubhraidh muid 		tiubhraidh sibh tiubhraidh siad;
tiubhraid 		a dtiubhraidh*;
a dtiubhras* 		tiubhrar
conditional independent bhéarfainn bhéarfá bhéarfadh sé, sí bhéarfaimis;
bhéarfadh muid 		bhéarfadh sibh bhéarfaidís;
bhéarfadh siad 		a bhéarfadh bhéarfaí
conditional dependent tiubhrainn tiubhrá tiubhradh sé, sí tiubhraimis;
tiubhradh muid 		tiubhradh sibh tiubhraidís;
tiubhradh siad 		a dtiubhradh* tiubhraí
imperative tabhraim tabhair tabhradh sé, sí tabhraimis tabhraigí;
tabhraidh 		tabhraidís — tabhartar

Derived terms

Mutation

Mutated forms of tabhair
radical lenition eclipsis
tabhair thabhair dtabhair

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

References

  1. ^ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “do·beir”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

Further reading

Scottish Gaelic

Etymology

From Old Irish ·tabair, prototonic form of do·beir.[1]

Verb

tabhair (past thug, future bheir, verbal noun toirt, past participle tugta)

  1. give, bestow, grant

Usage notes

  • tabhair and thoir are interchangeable.

Mutation

Mutation of tabhair
radical lenition
tabhair thabhair

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Scottish Gaelic.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

References

  1. ^ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “do·beir”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

Further reading

  • Edward Dwelly (1911) “tabhair”, in Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan [The Illustrated Gaelic–English Dictionary]‎, 10th edition, Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, →ISBN
  • MacLennan, Malcolm (1925) A Pronouncing and Etymological Dictionary of the Gaelic Language, Edinburgh: J. Grant, →OCLC
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