tak

English

Alternative forms

• take (Standard English)
• tyek (Tyneside)

Etymology

Dialectal form of take.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tæk/

• Audio (US)

  (file)

• Rhymes: -æk
• Homophone: tack

Verb

tak (third-person singular simple present taks, present participle takkin, simple past teuk, past participle takken)

1. (Wearside, Durham) To take.

Anagrams

• ATK, KAT, Kat, TKA, kat

Afrikaans

Etymology

From Dutch tak (“branch, twig, offshoot”), from Middle Dutch tac (“pointy object, forked object”), from Old Dutch *takko (“pointy object”).

Pronunciation

• Audio

  (file)

Noun

tak (plural takke)

1. branch, twig, bough
2. branch, offshoot

Czech

Etymology

Inherited from Old Czech tak from Proto-Slavic *tako.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):

• audio

  (file)

Adverb

tak

1. so (very)

   Je tak dobrý! ― He is so good!

   Není to tak špatné. ― It’s not so bad.

2. so (therefore)

   Chtěl knihu, tak si zašel do knihovny. ― He wanted a book, so he went to the library.

3. so, in that way

   Tak to chodí ― That's the way it goes (lit. "so it goes")

Interjection

tak

1. so

   Tak jděme! ― So let's go!

Derived terms

See also

• takhle
• takto
• tolik

Further reading

• tak in Příruční slovník jazyka českého, 1935–1957
• tak in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého, 1960–1971, 1989
• tak in Internetová jazyková příručka

Danish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tak/, /ˈtɑɡ/, ,

Etymology 1

From Old Norse þǫkk, from Proto-Germanic *þankō, *þankaz, cognate with English thank, German Dank.

Noun

tak c (singular definite takken, not used in plural form)

1. thanks

Declension

Interjection

tak

1. thank you, thanks

Etymology 2

Danish Wikipedia has an article on:

tak

Wikipedia ^da

From Middle Low German tacke, from Proto-Germanic *takkô (“prickle, spike, jag”), cognate with English tack, German Zacke.

Noun

tak c (singular definite takken, plural indefinite takker)

1. jag
2. point
3. cog
4. tooth
5. tine

Declension

Further reading

• tak on the Danish Wikipedia.Wikipedia ^da

Etymology 3

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

tak

1. imperative of takke

Dutch

Etymology

From Middle Dutch tac (“pointy object, forked object”), from Old Dutch *takko (“pointy object”), from Frankish *takkō, from Proto-Germanic *takkô.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tɑk/

• audio

  (file)

• Hyphenation: tak
• Rhymes: -ɑk

Noun

tak m (plural takken, diminutive takje n)

1. branch, twig, bough

   Synonyms: telg, twijg

2. branch, offshoot, division

Usage notes

• Takes on a negative meaning in some colloquial compounds, such as takkewijf, takke-eind, takkeherrie.

Derived terms

Descendants

• Afrikaans: tak
• Berbice Creole Dutch: taku
• Negerhollands: tak, takje, takkie
• → Aukan: taka

Anagrams

• kat

Faroese

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tʰɛaːʰk/
• Rhymes: -ɛaːʰk

Etymology 1

From Old Norse þak, from Proto-Germanic *þaką, from Proto-Indo-European *teg-.

Noun

tak n (genitive singular taks, plural tøk)

1. roof

Declension

Related terms

• tekja

Etymology 2

From Old Norse tak.

Noun

tak n (genitive singular taks, plural tøk)

1. grip, hold
2. A huge effort, major effort, strenuous effort.

Declension

Derived terms

Iban

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tea̯ʔ/

Conjunction

tak

1. but

   Kami mending, tak iya aja diasuh kami bejaku

   The rest of us heard, but only he is asked by us to speak.

Particle

tak

1. expressing the seriousness or strength of words, the most extreme or severe

   Tak manchal! Nadai ulih rara

   He is extremely mischievous! Cannot be deterred

2. frighten or scare, but not done out of anger

   Tak singin ati aku ka muai iya ke lubuk.

   I really wanted to throw him into the pool.

Icelandic

Etymology

From Old Norse tak.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tʰaːk/
• Rhymes: -aːk

Noun

tak n (genitive singular taks, nominative plural tök)

1. grip, hold

Declension

Indonesian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tak/,
• Rhymes: -tak, -ak, -k

Etymology 1

Cognate with tidak, from Malay tak, from Proto-Malayic *daʔ (compare Malay tak), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *diaq.

Adverb

tak

1. not (negates the meaning of the verb)

   Saya tak mau makan.

   I don't want to eat.

2. not (to no degree)

   Buku itu tak mahal.

   That book is not expensive.

Alternative forms

• ta'

Synonyms

• tidak
• ndak (colloquial)
• nggak (colloquial)
• kagak (colloquial)

Etymology 2

Onomatopoeic

Noun

tak (plural tak-tak, first-person possessive takku, second-person possessive takmu, third-person possessive taknya)

1. imitation of the sound of a pitted shell

Etymology 3

From Dutch takt, from Latin tāctus.

Noun

tak (plural tak-tak, first-person possessive takku, second-person possessive takmu, third-person possessive taknya)

1. (engineering) stroke, cycle, phase: a single movement or thrust of a part (such as a piston) of a machine that moves back and forth; also, the length of this movement.

   motor dua tak ― two-stroke engine

Synonyms

• langkah
• lejang (Standard Malay)

Further reading

• “tak” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation — Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic Indonesia, 2016.

Jingpho

Etymology

Borrowed from Burmese တွက် (twak).

Verb

tak

1. To guess.

References

• Kurabe, Keita (2016 December 31) “Phonology of Burmese loanwords in Jinghpaw”, in Kyoto University Linguistic Research‎, volume 35, →DOI, →ISSN, pages 91–128

Kashubian

Alternative forms

• takò

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *tako.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈtak/
• Syllabification: tak

Particle

tak

1. yes

Adverb

tak (not comparable)

1. thus, as such

Further reading

• Stefan Ramułt (1893) “tak”, in Słownik języka pomorskiego czyli kaszubskiego‎ (in Kashubian), page 212
• Eùgeniusz Gòłąbk (2011) “tak”, in Słownik Polsko-Kaszubski / Słowôrz Pòlskò-Kaszëbsczi‎, volume 2, page 1121
• “tak”, in Internetowi Słowôrz Kaszëbsczégò Jãzëka [Internet Dictionary of the Kashubian Language], Fundacja Kaszuby, 2022

Latvian

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

This entry needs an audio pronunciation. If you are a native speaker with a microphone, please record this word. The recorded pronunciation will appear here when it's ready.

Conjunction

tak

1. but, but also

Particle

tak

1. particle used to reinforce or emphasize a certain word or idea, usually by reducing doubts about it; but... (really), in fact, surely, just

Lower Sorbian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tak/

Adverb

tak

1. so

Further reading

• Muka, Arnošt (1921, 1928) “tak”, in Słownik dolnoserbskeje rěcy a jeje narěcow (in German), St. Petersburg, Prague: ОРЯС РАН, ČAVU; Reprinted Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag, 2008
• Starosta, Manfred (1999) “tak”, in Dolnoserbsko-nimski słownik / Niedersorbisch-deutsches Wörterbuch (in German), Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag

Malay

Alternative forms

• x (Internet slang)

Etymology

Cognate with tidak, dak, from Proto-Malayic *daʔ (compare Indonesian tidak), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *diaq.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /taʔ/
• Rhymes: -taʔ, -aʔ

Adverb

tak (Jawi spelling تق)

1. (informal) not (negates the meaning of the verb)

   Saya tak mahu makan. ― I don't want to eat.

2. (informal) not (to no degree)

   Buku itu tak mahal. ― That book is not expensive.

Marshallese

Pronunciation

• (phonetic) IPA^(key):
• (phonemic) IPA^(key): /tˠæk/
• Bender phonemes: {tak}

Etymology 1

Noun

tak

1. needlefish

Etymology 2

Alternative forms

• (Rālik) ta

Derived terms

• takin aļ

Enclitic

tak

1. (Ratak) eastward

References

• Marshallese–English Online Dictionary

Masurian

Etymology

Inherited from Old Polish tak.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):
• Syllabification: tak

Adverb

tak

1. so (in this way)
   • 2018, Antoine de Saint-Exupéry, translated by Paweł Pogorzelski and Psioter ôt Sziatków (Piotr Szatkowski), Małi Princ [The Little Prince], →ISBN, page 28:

     Tedi wżióném popraziacz tén céchunek, lec tak, jek wcesznijsÿ i tén ôstáł ôtrżucónÿ: […]

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

2. so (very)
   • 2018, Antoine de Saint-Exupéry, translated by Paweł Pogorzelski and Psioter ôt Sziatków (Piotr Szatkowski), Małi Princ [The Little Prince], →ISBN, page 29:

     – Bo kole me dóma je tak mało rumu.

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

Middle English

Etymology 1

From Old Northern French taque, ultimately of Germanic origin, probably from Frankish *takkō, from Proto-Germanic *takkô (“spike, thorn, prickle”).

Noun

tak (plural takes)

1. clasp
2. nail
3. A protective metal plate used on a cart to prevent wear.
4. (nautical) tack (a rope used to hold the foremost corner of the sail in place)
5. stability, endurance, steadfastness

Alternative forms

• takke, take, tace

Derived terms

• taknail
• takken

Descendants

• English: tack
• Scots: taik

References

• “tak, n.(1).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

Etymology 2

From Old Norse taka (“revenue”) (from the verb taka (“to take”)) and from Middle English taken (“to take”), itself from Old Norse.

Noun

tak (uncountable)

2. tack (a fee paid to a lord or king for the right to keep swine)

Alternative forms

• take, takke, thac; tac (early form)

Derived terms

Descendants

• English: tack
• Scots: tak, take

References

• “tak, n.(2).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

Etymology 3

Verb

tak (third-person singular simple present takketh, present participle takkende, takkynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle takked)

1. Alternative form of takken

Etymology 4

Noun

tak (plural takes)

1. Alternative form of tach

Etymology 5

Verb

tak (third-person singular simple present taketh, present participle takinge, first-/third-person singular past indicative toke, past participle taken)

1. Alternative form of taken

Verb

tak

1. Alternative form of take: imperative of taken
2. Alternative form of taken: past participle of taken

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology 1

From Old Norse þak, from Proto-Germanic *þaką, from Proto-Indo-European *teg-. Cognate with Old English þæc (“roof, thack, thatch”).

Noun

tak n (definite singular taket, indefinite plural tak, definite plural taka or takene)

1. roof
2. ceiling

Derived terms

Etymology 2

From Old Norse tak.

Noun

tak n (definite singular taket, indefinite plural tak, definite plural taka or takene)

1. grip

Derived terms

References

• “tak” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

Norwegian Nynorsk

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tɑːk/

Etymology 1

From Old Norse þak, from Proto-Germanic *þaką, from Proto-Indo-European *teg-. Cognate with Old English þæc (“roof, thack, thatch”).

Noun

tak n (definite singular taket, indefinite plural tak, definite plural taka)

1. roof
2. ceiling

Derived terms

Etymology 2

From Old Norse tak.

Noun

tak n (definite singular taket, indefinite plural tak, definite plural taka)

1. grip

Derived terms

Etymology 3

Verb

tak

1. imperative of taka

References

• “tak” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Old Czech

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *tako.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (13^th CE) /ˈtak/
• IPA^(key): (15^th CE) /ˈtak/

Adverb

tak

1. thus, as such, so

Descendants

• Czech: tak

References

• Jan Gebauer (1903–1916) “tak”, in Slovník staročeský (in Czech), Prague: Česká grafická společnost "unie", Česká akademie císaře Františka Josefa pro vědy, slovesnost a umění

Old Norse

Etymology

Derived from the verb taka (“to take, grab”).

Noun

tak n (genitive taks, plural tǫk)

1. grip, hold
2. (wrestling) hold

Declension

Derived terms

• orðtak (“phrase, expression”)

Related terms

• taka f (“taking, capture; seizure, tax; revenue”)

Descendants

References

• “tak”, in Geir T. Zoëga (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press

Old Polish

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *tako. First attested in the 15th century.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (10^th–15^th CE) /tak/
• IPA^(key): (15^th CE) /tak/

Adverb

tak

1. so, in this way
2. so, to such a degree

Conjunction

tak

1. (in conjunction with jako) as well as, both, and
2. so; therefore, thus
3. (in conjunction with że) but, however
4. in order to
5. (in conjunction with acz) only if

Descendants

• Masurian: tak
• Polish: tak
• Silesian: tak

References

• B. Sieradzka-Baziur, editor (2011–2015), “tak”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN

Phalura

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tak/

Adverb

tak (Perso-Arabic spelling تک)

1. A co-lexicalized intensifier.

References

• Liljegren, Henrik, Haider, Naseem (2011) Palula Vocabulary (FLI Language and Culture Series; 7)‎, Islamabad, Pakistan: Forum for Language Initiatives, →ISBN

Polish

Polish phrasebook

This entry is part of the phrasebook project, which presents criteria for inclusion based on utility, simplicity and commonness.

Etymology

Inherited from Old Polish tak. The “yes” sense is an ellipsis of tak jest; compare Italian sì.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tak/

• Audio 1

  (file)

• Audio 2

  (file)

• Audio 3

  (file)

• Audio 4

  (file)

• Audio 5

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ak
• Syllabification: tak
• Homophones: tag, Tag

Adverb

tak (not comparable)

1. like this; so (in this way)

   Ona mi tak powiedziała. ― She told me so.

   Ja to robię tak. ― I do it like this.

2. so (used for emphasis)

   Było tak ciemno, że nic nie widziałem. ― It was so dark that I couldn't see anything.

   Tak bardzo cię kocham! ― I love you so much!

Derived terms

Interjection

tak

1. yes

   Synonyms: ano, no

   Antonym: nie

   Zrobiłeś to? - Tak. ― Did you do that? - Yes, (I did).

Related terms

Particle

tak

1. certainly, yes, of course

   Synonyms: owszem, dokładnie, racja, naturalnie, oczywiście, rzeczywiście, w rzeczy samej

   Antonym: nie

Trivia

According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), tak is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 273 times in scientific texts, 90 times in news, 217 times in essays, 431 times in fiction, and 892 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 1903 times, making it the 21st most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.

References

Further reading

• tak in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• tak in Polish dictionaries at PWN
• “TAK”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century], 30.03.2020
• “TAK”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century], 2008 September 5
• Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814) “tak”, in Słownik języka polskiego‎
• Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861) “tak”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861‎
• J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1927), “tak”, in Słownik języka polskiego‎ (in Polish), volume 8, Warsaw, page 7

Anagrams

akt, kat, tka

Scots

Etymology 1

From Middle Scots tak, tacke, from Early Scots tak, from Middle English taken (“to take”), from Old English tacan (“to grasp, touch”), a borrowing from Old Norse taka (“to touch, take”), ultimately from Proto-Germanic *tēkaną (“to touch”). Tak gradually displaced the native Middle English nimen (“to take”). Cognates include English take and Norn taka. The noun is partly from the verb and partly from Old Norse tak (“grip”) and/or taka (“taking, seizure”), via Middle English tak, take.

Alternative forms

• tae

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):

Verb

tak (third-person singular simple present taks, present participle takkin or taein, simple past teuk, past participle taen or takken)

1. (transitive) To take.
   • 1790, Robert Burns, Tam o' Shanter:

     As market days are wearing late, / And folk begin to tak the gate

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

2. (transitive) To trip.
3. (transitive) To affect.
4. (transitive) To marry.
5. (transitive) To understand, apprehend, take.

Derived terms

• afftak
• betak
• intak
• mistak
• ontak
• oot-tak
• owertak
• tak aboot
• tak aff
• tak in
• tak the guid o
• tak up
• tak wi
• unnertak

Noun

tak (plural taks)

1. capture, catch
2. captive
   1. (fishing) catch, haul
3. grip

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Noun

tak (plural taks)

1. Alternative spelling of tack

References

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology 1

Borrowed from French taquet.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tâːk/

Noun

tȃk m (Cyrillic spelling та̑к)

1. billiard-cue

Declension

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Italian tacco.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tâk/

Noun

tȁk m (Cyrillic spelling та̏к)

2. (regional) shoe heel

Declension

Etymology 3

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish طاق (tak), from Persian طاق (tâq).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tâk/

Noun

tȁk m (Cyrillic spelling та̏к)

2. (regional) arc, arch, vault (of a building)

Declension

References

• “tak” in Hrvatski jezični portal
• “tak” in Hrvatski jezični portal

Silesian

Etymology

Inherited from Old Polish tak.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈtak/
• Rhymes: -ak
• Syllabification: tak

Adverb

tak

1. like this; so (in this way)
2. so (used for emphasis)

Interjection

tak

1. used to start a new topic so

Particle

tak

1. about, ish, more or less

Further reading

• tak in silling.org

Slovincian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈtak/
• Syllabification: tak

Etymology 1

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *tako.

Adverb

tak (not comparable)

1. thus, as such

Etymology 2

Borrowed from German Takt.

Noun

tak m inan

1. tact (keen perception or discernment)

Further reading

• Lorentz, Friedrich (1912) “tãk”, in Slovinzisches Wörterbuch‎ (in German), volume 2, Saint Petersburg: ОРЯС ИАН, page 1199

Swedish

Etymology

From Old Swedish þak, from Old Norse þak, from Proto-Germanic *þaką, from Proto-Indo-European *teg-.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tɑːk/

• audio

  (file)

Noun

tak n

1. a roof

   Synonym: yttertak

2. a ceiling

   Synonym: innertak

Usage notes

Yttertak and innertak are mostly used in the rare cases where it isn't clear from context whether tak would refer to a roof or a ceiling .

Declension

Derived terms

Related terms

• täcka

References

• tak in Svensk ordbok (SO)
• tak in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
• tak in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)

Anagrams

• akt

Turkish

Etymology 1

From Ottoman Turkish طاق (tak), from Arabic طَاق (ṭāq), possibly from Middle Persian *tāk, a variant of tʾg (/⁠tāg⁠/, “arch”) (compare modern Persian طاق (tâq, “arch”)). Doublet of taç (“crown; belt”).

Noun

tak

1. arch

Declension

Related terms

• çardak

References

• Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “tak¹”, in Nişanyan Sözlük

Etymology 2

Verb

tak

1. second-person singular imperative of takmak

Volapük

Etymology

From Latin taceō (“I am quiet, rest”).

Noun

tak (nominative plural taks)

1. rest, tranquility

Declension