ten

Translingual

Etymology

From English ten.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈtɛn/

Noun

ten

1. (international standards) NATO, ICAO, ITU & IMO radiotelephony code for 10, used only with o'clock to indicate direction

English

English Wikipedia has an article on:

ten

Wikipedia

Etymology

From Middle English ten, tene, from Old English tīen, from Proto-West Germanic *tehun, from Proto-Germanic *tehun, from Proto-Indo-European *déḱm̥. Cognate with Scots ten, tene (“ten”), West Frisian tsien (“ten”), Saterland Frisian tjoon (“ten”), North Frisian tiin (“ten”). See also teen.

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation, General American) enPR: tĕn IPA^(key): /tɛn/,
• IPA^(key): /tɪn/ (pin–pen merger)

• Audio (US-Inland North)

  (file)

• Audio (US)

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɛn, Rhymes: -ɪn (pin–pen merger)
• Homophone: tin (with pin-pen merger)

Numeral

ten

1. The number occurring after nine and before eleven, represented in Arabic numerals (base ten) as 10 and in Roman numerals as X.

Related terms

• tenth

Translations

Noun

ten (countable and uncountable, plural tens)

1. A set or group with ten elements.

   We divided the chocolates into tens to hand out to Hallowe'en visitors.

2. (in the plural) An inexact quantity, typically understood to be between 20 and 100.

   Our houses are tens of meters apart, so we don't have to worry about noise from our neighbours.

   tens of thousands of voters

3. (countable, card games) A card in a given suit with a value of ten.
4. (countable) A denomination of currency, such as a banknote, with a value of ten units.

   Synonym: tenner

   Can you give me two tens for this twenty?

5. (countable, US, slang) A perfect specimen, (particularly) a physically attractive person.

   Synonym: dime piece

   • 2006 May 9, Penn Jillette, Michael Goudeau, quoting Chris, 22:22 from the start, in Penn Radio‎:

     I was in the Woodley Park–Zoo in D.C. and mom and sister were waiting to see the pandas, so me and my pops broke away to check out the monkey house. Well, there was a beautiful teacher, I mean we're talking a ten, she was blond, had a low-cut dress on, just gorgeous. And she has about eight or nine students and she's pointing out all the different monkeys. And me and my dad noticed this huge orangutan kind of fiddling with himself. And on close [censored] And we kept checking it out and he was looking directly at the teacher. Well, a couple minutes passed by [censored] he proceeds to [censored] that's when the teacher noticed and, you know, took the kids away very hurriedly. But I looked at my dad and said, you know, they're so much like us.

   • 2023 September 11, Danielle Cohen, “Why Am I Attracted to My Coworker? Meet ‘The Office Ten’”, in New York Magazine‎:

     An Office Ten is a person who falls somewhere between average to mildly good-looking in the world at large but skyrockets to wildly attractive within the confines of an open-concept desk plan.

6. (countable, US, slang) A high level of intensity. (Can we add an example for this sense?)
7. (countable, rowing) The act of rowing ten strokes flat out.
   • 1911, The Cambridge Review, volume 32, page 486:

     At the 1,000-metres post we gave a ten, which raised our lead to 1⅔ lengths; the Belgians were rowing hard, but one felt that they still had plenty of spurting power.

   • 1982, Stanley French, Aspects of Downing history, page 105:

     Morris gave a ten, and an unbelievable surge ran through the boat, one that I had never felt before.

Coordinate terms

• Previous: nine (9)
• Next: eleven (11)

Derived terms

Related terms

Translations

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See also

• (prefix): deca-, deka-
• (adjective): decadal, decenary
• (a set of 10 items): decimate, decimal; decaplet, decuplet (of babies, musical notes, or baryons)
• (containing 10 items): decenary
• (related to base-10 numeration): See decimal
• (period of 10 months): decimestrial
• (period of 10 years): See decade and decennium
• (related to a 10-year period): See decadal and decennial
• (10-year anniversary): See decennial
• (rule by 10 people): See decemvirate
• (commander of 10 soldiers): See decener
• (chief of 10 men in early English law): See tithingman
• (payment or collection of a 10% tax): See tithe

Playing cards in English · playing cards (layout · text)
ace	deuce, two	three	four	five	six	seven
eight	nine	ten	jack, knave	queen	king	joker

Anagrams

• -ent, .NET, ENT, NET, Net, ent, ent-, net

Atong (India)

Etymology

From English ten.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ten/

Numeral

ten (Bengali script তেন)

1. ten

Synonyms

• chyigyk
• dys / das

References

• van Breugel, Seino. 2015. Atong-English dictionary, second edition. Available online: https://www.academia.edu/487044/Atong_English_Dictionary. Stated in Appendix 2.

Bislama

Etymology

From English ten.

Numeral

ten

1. ten

Catalan

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Central, Balearic, Valencian)
• Rhymes: -en

Verb

ten

1. second-person singular imperative of tenir
2. second-person singular imperative of tindre

Usage notes

Generally, the imperative form ten is a contextual form of té used when clitic pronouns (e.g., te) are attached to the end of the verb.

Cornish

Noun

ten

1. Hard mutation of den.
2. Mixed mutation of den.

Czech

Etymology

Inherited from Old Czech ten, from Proto-Slavic *tъ.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):

• Audio

  (file)

Pronoun

ten

1. the; this; that

Declension

Derived terms

Further reading

• ten in Příruční slovník jazyka českého, 1935–1957
• ten in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého, 1960–1971, 1989
• ten in Internetová jazyková příručka

Danish

Etymology

From Old Norse teinn (“stick”).

Noun

ten

1. a spindle; a rod or stick used together with a distaff to spin yarn
2. in a spinning wheel or similar machine: the reel on which the finished yarn is spooled

Declension

Derived terms

• håndten (“manual spindle”)

Further reading

• “ten” in Den Danske Ordbog

Dutch

Etymology

A contraction of te + den.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tɛn/

• Audio

  (file)

Contraction

ten

1. to the, at the (followed by a masculine or neuter word)

   ten goede of ten kwade ― for better or for worse

   ten dele ― partly

   ten tijde van ― during the time of

Usage notes

ten is part of many fossilized idiomatic expressions. Being derived in part from te, it is followed by the (similarly fossilized) dative case.

ten is commonly used in Dutch family names such as Corrie ten Boom, Bernhard ten Brink, Marti ten Kate, and Simeon ten Holt.

Derived terms

Related terms

• ter

Anagrams

• ent, net

Galician

Alternative forms

• tem (Reintegrationist)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈtɛŋ/

Verb

ten

1. has; third-person singular present indicative of ter

   A cervexa ten en Galicia unha longa historia.

   Beer has a long history in Galicia.

2. inflection of ter:
   1. third-person singular present indicative
   2. second-person singular imperative

References

• “ten” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006–2013.

Japanese

Romanization

• Romanization of 天

ten

1. Rōmaji transcription of てん
2. Rōmaji transcription of テン

Kabuverdianu

Etymology

From Portuguese ter.

Verb

ten

1. to have
2. to possess

Karaim

Etymology

From Ultimately from Middle Chinese 等 (MC tojX|tongX, “to equate”).

Cognate with Old Turkic (teŋ, “equal, equivalent, appropriate”); Crimean Tatar teñ, Karachay-Balkar тенг (teñ), Kumyk тенг (teñ), Urum тэнг (teŋ), Kazakh тең (teñ, “equal”), Southern Altai теҥ (teŋ, “equal”) Uzbek teng (“equal”), Turkish denk (“equal, equivalent”), Shor тең, Yakut тэҥ (teñ, “equal”).

Adjective

ten

1. equal

References

• N. A. Baskakov, S.M. Šapšala, editor (1973), “ten”, in Karaimsko-Russko-Polʹskij Slovarʹ [Karaim-Russian-Polish Dictionary], Moscow: Moskva, →ISBN

Kashubian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *tъ.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈtʲɛn/
• Syllabification: ten

Pronoun

ten

1. this (nearby)

Further reading

• Stefan Ramułt (1893) “ten”, in Słownik języka pomorskiego czyli kaszubskiego‎ (in Kashubian), page 213
• Eùgeniusz Gòłąbk (2011) “ten”, in Słownik Polsko-Kaszubski / Słowôrz Pòlskò-Kaszëbsczi‎, volume 2, page 1130
• “ten”, in Internetowi Słowôrz Kaszëbsczégò Jãzëka [Internet Dictionary of the Kashubian Language], Fundacja Kaszuby, 2022

Lithuanian

Adverb

ten

1. there

Lower Sorbian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):

Determiner

ten (feminine ta, neuter to, dual tej, plural te)

1. this

Declension

Middle Dutch

Contraction

ten

1. Contraction of te den.

Middle English

Etymology 1

From Old English tīen.

Alternative forms

• tene, tenne, tien

Pronunciation

• (Early ME) IPA^(key): /teːn/
• IPA^(key): /tɛn/
• Rhymes: -ɛn

Numeral

ten

1. ten

Related terms

• -tene
• tenthe, tithe
• -ty

Descendants

• English: ten
• Scots: ten
• Yola: dhen

References

• “ten, num.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

Etymology 2

From Old English tēon, from Proto-West Germanic *teuhan (“to pull, lead”), from Proto-Germanic *teuhaną (“to draw, lead, bring, pull, help”), from Proto-Indo-European *dewk- (“to pull, lead”).

Alternative forms

• teen, tene

Verb

ten (third-person singular simple present teth, present participle teende, teynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative tegh, past participle towen)

1. (transitive) To draw; lead.
2. (intransitive) To draw away; go; proceed.

Conjugation

Derived terms

• biteon
• forten

Etymology 3

From Old Norse tennr, nominative indefinite plural of tǫnn (“tooth”).

Noun

ten

1. plural of tothe

Northern Kurdish

Etymology

From Arabic طَعْن (ṭaʕn, “piercing, attack, criticism”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tɛn/

Noun

ten m or f

1. scolding, reproach, censure, blame, criticism, mockery, ridicule
2. threat

References

• Chyet, Michael L. (2003) “ten”, in Kurdish–English Dictionary‎, with selected etymologies by Martin Schwartz, New Haven and London: Yale University Press, page 604

Old Czech

Alternative forms

• tet

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *tъ.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (13^th CE) /ˈtɛn/
• IPA^(key): (15^th CE) /ˈtɛn/

Pronoun

ten

1. this (nearby)

Declension

Derived terms

Descendants

• Czech: ten

See also

References

• Jan Gebauer (1903–1916) “ten”, in Slovník staročeský (in Czech), Prague: Česká grafická společnost "unie", Česká akademie císaře Františka Josefa pro vědy, slovesnost a umění

Old English

Alternative forms

• tēne, tȳn, tīen
• tȳn, tīen — West Saxon

Etymology

See tien

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /teːn/

Numeral

tēn

1. (Mercian) ten

References

1. A. L. Mayhew, M. A. Synopsis of Old English Phonology, 123

Old Polish

Alternative forms

• tet

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *tъ. First attested in the 14th century.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (10^th–15^th CE) /tɛːn/
• IPA^(key): (15^th CE) /ten/

Pronoun

ten

1. this (nearby)

Declension

This pronoun needs an inflection-table template.

Descendants

• Masurian: tén
• Polish: ten
• Silesian: tyn

References

• B. Sieradzka-Baziur, editor (2011–2015), “ten”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN

Pipil

Etymology

From Proto-Nahuan *teːn-, from Proto-Uto-Aztecan *tïni. Compare Classical Nahuatl tēntli (“lips”).

Pronunciation

• (standard) IPA^(key): /teːŋ/
• (Izalco) IPA^(key): /teŋ/

Noun

-tēn (plural -tejtēn)

1. mouth

   Muchi tikishtukak tik muten kwak tishulutzin katka

   You used to put everything in your mouth when you were a little baby

2. edge, brim

   Shiktema ishta ma ne at ajsi ne iten ne tzutzukul

   Fill it up until the water reaches the edge of the jug

3. opening

   Inat ka ini tepet kishtia pukti tik iten

   They say this volcano expels smoke form its “opening” (its crater)

Derived terms

Noun

-tēn

1. on the edge, outside

   Tejchishket ka iten ne shaput

   They waited outside the cave

Polish

Etymology

Inherited from Old Polish ten. Cognate with Russian тот (tot), Lithuanian tas, Ancient Greek ὁ (ho, “the”), German der (“the”), English the.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tɛn/
• (Middle Polish) IPA^(key): /ˈten/

• Audio

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɛn
• Syllabification: ten

Pronoun

ten

1. this (nearby)

Usage notes

¹The feminine accusative singular form tą is proscribed, but overall much more common.

Declension

Derived terms

Related terms

Particle

ten

1. filler word

   A no, ten... ― Ah, yeah...

Trivia

According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), ten is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 1196 times in scientific texts, 782 times in news, 1457 times in essays, 1080 times in fiction, and 1228 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 5743 times, making it the 10th most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.

References

Further reading

• ten in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• ten in Polish dictionaries at PWN
• “TEN”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century], 2008 December 2
• Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814) “ten”, in Słownik języka polskiego‎
• Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861) “ten”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861‎
• J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1919), “ten”, in Słownik języka polskiego‎ (in Polish), volume 7, Warsaw, page 42

Romanian

Etymology

Borrowed from French teint.

Noun

ten n (plural tenuri)

1. color of the face

Declension

Scots

Etymology

From Middle English ten.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tɛn/

Numeral

ten

1. ten

References

• Andy Eagle, ed., (2016) The Online Scots Dictionary, Scots Online.

Slovak

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *tъ, from Proto-Indo-European *só.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tɛn/

Pronoun

ten m

1. the; this; that

Related terms

• to

Further reading

• “ten”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2024

Spanish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈten/

• Audio (Colombia):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -en
• Syllabification: ten

Verb

ten

1. second-person singular imperative of tener

Sranan Tongo

Etymology

From English time.

Noun

ten

1. time
   • 1975, Mighty Botai (lyrics and music), “Sranang Kong Fri”, in Onafhankelijkheid (Srefidensi) Suriname:

     Atleba ten no sa de moro ini Sranan / Den bakra, den ben hori wi na baka / Den de bow den kondre kon na fesi / Meki wi e pina

     The period of toiling will be no more in Suriname / The Dutch, they held us back / They built up their country successfully / Made us suffer

Sumerian

Romanization

ten

1. Romanization of 𒋼 (ten)

Swedish

Etymology

From Old Swedish ten, from Old Norse teinn (“sprout, twig, branch”).

Pronunciation

• Audio

  (file)

Noun

ten c

1. a rod, a stick (of metal or wood)

Declension

See also

• tenn

Tiang

Noun

ten

1. woman

Further reading

• Malcolm Ross, Proto Oceanic and the Austronesian Languages of Western Melanesia, Pacific Linguistics, series C-98 (1988)

Tok Pisin

Etymology

From English ten.

Numeral

ten

1. ten

Usage notes

Used when counting; see also tenpela.

Coordinate terms

Turkish

Etymology

Inherited from Ottoman Turkish تن (ten), from Persian تن (tan).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tɛn/

Noun

ten (definite accusative teni, plural tenler)

1. skin
2. body
3. (dialectal) vulva of a cow

Declension

References

• “ten”, in Türkiye'de halk ağzından derleme sözlüğü [Compilation Dictionary of Popular Speech in Turkey] (in Turkish), Ankara: Türk Dil Kurumu, 1963–1982