tidak

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Indonesian

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Malay tidak, from earlier tida, tiada with a vocative glottal stop, from Proto-Malayic *ti (“basic negator”) + *ada (“to exist”).

Pronunciation

Adverb

tidak

  1. a negative marker used for negating the meanings of verbs, adverbs, and adjectives: not
    Kami tidak tahu.
    We do not know.
    Buku itu tidak mahal.
    That book is not expensive.

Particle

tidak

  1. no; used to show disagreement, negation, denial, refusal, or prohibition

Usage notes

For negating nouns, the word bukan is used instead.

Synonyms

  • gak (colloquial, chiefly Jakarta)
  • tiada (emphatic)

Derived terms

References

  1. ^ McDonnell, B., Tadmor, U. (2015) “Reconstructing negation and negative suppletive existentials in Malayic”, in The Thirteenth International Conference on Austronesian Linguistics, Institute of Linguistics, Academia Sinica, page 111

Further reading

Malay

Alternative forms

Etymology

From earlier tida, tiada with a vocative glottal stop, from Proto-Malayic *ti (“basic negator”) + *ada (“to exist”). Compare Malagasy tsy (“no”), tsiary (“no, not once”) and Musi tî', katî' (“to not have, there be no, nothing”). First attested in the Telaga Batu inscription, 683 AD, as Old Malay (tīda).

Pronunciation

Adverb

tidak (Jawi spelling تيدق)

  1. not (negates meaning of verb)
    Saya tidak mahu makan.
    I don't want to eat.
  2. not (To no degree)
    Buku itu tidak mahal.
    That book is not expensive.

Usage notes

Tidak is used to negate verbs and adjectives. For negating nouns the word bukan must be used.

Synonyms

Derived terms

See also

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 McDonnell, B., Tadmor, U. (2015) “Reconstructing negation and negative suppletive existentials in Malayic”, in The Thirteenth International Conference on Austronesian Linguistics, Institute of Linguistics, Academia Sinica, page 111
  2. ^ Adelaar, K. A. (1989) “Malay Influence on Malagasy: Linguistic and Culture-Historical Implications”, in Oceanic Linguistics‎, volume 28, number 1, pages 21, 36

Further reading

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