to

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Translingual

Symbol

to

  1. (international standards) ISO 639-1 language code for Tongan.

English

Alternative forms

  • (dialectal) ter
  • (contraction) t'
  • (abbreviation) 2

Etymology 1

From Middle English to, from Old English , from Proto-Germanic *tō ~ *ta, from Proto-Indo-European *de ~ *do (to). Cognate with Scots tae, to (to), North Frisian to, , tu (to), Saterland Frisian tou (to), Low German to (to), Dutch toe (to), German zu (to), West Frisian ta (to). Non-Germanic cognates include Albanian ndaj (towards), Irish do (to, for), Breton da (to, for), Welsh i (to, for), Russian до (do, to). Doublet of too.

Pronunciation

Stressed

Unstressed

This entry needs an audio pronunciation. If you are a native speaker with a microphone, please record this word. The recorded pronunciation will appear here when it's ready.
Particularly: "(US, after a vowel) (before a vowel) (US, after a vowel)"

Particle

to

  1. A particle used for marking the following verb as an infinitive.
    I want to leave.
    He asked me what to do.
    I have places to go and people to see.
    To err is human.
    Who am I to criticise? I've done worse things myself.
    • 1711 May, [Alexander Pope], An Essay on Criticism, London: W Lewis ; and sold by W Taylor , T Osborn , and J Graves , →OCLC:
      To err, is human; to forgive, divine.
    • c. 1599–1602 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Hamlet, Prince of Denmarke”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies  (First Folio), London: Isaac Iaggard, and Ed Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, :
      To be, or not to be: that is the question: / []
    • 2010 July, “Archived copy”, in Associated Press, archived from the original on 5 July 2010, headline:
      Odds are, BP to get new CEO this year
    • 2011 April 10, Alistair Magowan, “Aston Villa 1 - 0 Newcastle”, in BBC Sport:
      To that end, the home supporters were in good voice to begin with, but it was Newcastle who started the game in the ascendancy, with Barton putting a diving header over the top from Jose Enrique's cross.
  2. As above, with the verb implied.
    "Did you visit the museum?" "I wanted to, but it was closed."
    If he hasn't read it yet, he ought to.
  3. Used to indicate an obligation on the part of, or a directive given to, the subject.
    You are to go to the store and buy a bottle of milk.
  4. (expressing purpose) In order to.
    I went to the shops to buy some bread.
Derived terms
Translations
A user suggests that this English entry be cleaned up, giving the reason: “Sense 1 is not the English infinitive morpheme, that would be -∅. The sentence "I could eat." contains a verb in the infinitive but no to. Rather, to is a particle that is used in conjunction with an already (zero-)marked infinitive. The box below, however, seems to contain a random mix of translations of the infinitive marker -∅ (e.g. German -en, Romanian -a, Turkish -mek) and the particle to (e.g. German zu, Romanian a).”
Please see the discussion on Requests for cleanup(+) or the talk page for more information and remove this template after the problem has been dealt with.
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

Preposition

to

  1. Indicating destination: In the direction of, so as to arrive at.
    We are walking to the shop.
    • 2013 September 28, Kenan Malik, “London Is Special, but Not That Special”, in New York Times, retrieved 28 September 2013:
      Driven by a perceived political need to adopt a hard-line stance, Mr. Cameron’s coalition government has imposed myriad new restrictions, the aim of which is to reduce net migration to Britain to below 100,000.
  2. Used to indicate the target or recipient of an action.
    I gave the book to him.
    I spoke to him earlier.
    He devoted himself to education.
    They drank to his health.
  3. Used to indicate result of action.
    His face was beaten to a pulp.
  4. Used to indicate a resulting feeling or emotion.
    To everyone's great relief, the tuneless carol singers finally ceased their warbling.
  5. Used after an adjective to indicate its application.
    similar to ..., relevant to ..., pertinent to ..., I was nice to him, he was cruel to her, I am used to walking.
  6. Denotes the end of a range.
    It takes 2 to 4 weeks to process typical applications.
  7. (obsolete) As a.
    With God to friend (with God as a friend);   with The Devil to fiend (with the Devil as a foe);   lambs slaughtered to lake (lambs slaughtered as a sacrifice);   took her to wife (took her as a wife);   was sold to slave (was sold as a slave).
  8. Used to indicate a ratio or comparison; compared to, as against.
    one to one = 1:1
    ten to one = 10:1.
    I have ten dollars to your four.
    • c. 1587–1588, [Christopher Marlowe], Tamburlaine the Great. The First Part , 2nd edition, part 1, London: Richard Iones, , published 1592, →OCLC; reprinted as Tamburlaine the Great (A Scolar Press Facsimile), Menston, Yorkshire, London: Scolar Press, 1973, →ISBN, Act II, scene iii:
      The hoſt of Xerxes, which by fame is ſaid
      To drinke the mightie Parthian Araris,
      Was but a handfull to that we will haue.
    • 2012 April 22, Sam Sheringham, “Liverpool 0-1 West Brom”, in BBC Sport:
      In total, the Reds had 28 shots to their opponent's nine, and 15 corners to the Baggies' three.
  9. (arithmetic) Used to indicate that the preceding term is to be raised to the power of the following value; indicates exponentiation.
    Three squared or three to the second power is nine.
    Three to the power of two is nine.
    Three to the second is nine.
  10. (time) Preceding the next hour.
    What's the time? – It's quarter to four in the afternoon (or 3:45 pm).
    Antonym: past
    1. (informal) Often used without the hour
      It’s quarter to (3:45, or 4:45, or whatever time ending in 45 would make the most sense)
  11. Used to describe what something consists of or contains.
    Anyone could do this job; there's nothing to it.
    There's a lot of sense to what he says.
    The name has a nice ring to it.
  12. According to.
    Our holiday did not go to plan.
  13. (Canada, Cornwall (UK), Newfoundland, Wales, West Midlands (UK)) At.
    Stay where you're to and I'll come find you, b'y.
    Where are you to?
    • 1867, Cornish Tales, in prose and verse by various authors (page 33)
      "What's that to you?" said Trevool, rather sharply, "worn't I to a berrin?
Usage notes

In the sense of "as a", it is a fossil word (Standard English only), found usually only in obsolete set phrases like: "to take a woman to wife", "to have someone to friend", "to have something to birthright" etc. In northern dialects, where it is rare but still in common use, it is often used in combination with with.

Derived terms
Translations
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
See also

Adverb

to (not comparable)

  1. (regionalism) Toward a closed, touching or engaging position.
    Synonyms: closed, shut
    Antonyms: open, ajar
    Please push the door to.
  2. (nautical) Into the wind.
  3. Misspelling of too.
Usage notes

The sense "toward a closed, touching or engaging position" is a regionalism found in various parts of the UK and US.

Translations
See also

Etymology 2

From Hindi तो (to).

Pronunciation

Particle

to

  1. (mild intensifier, colloquial, chiefly North India) a filler word common amongst urban Indians.
    I am to so bored right now.

References

  • Andrea Tyler and Vyvyan Evans, "Spatial particles of orientation", in The Semantics of English Prepositions: Spatial Scenes, Embodied Meaning and Cognition, Cambridge University Press, 2003, 0-521-81430 8

Anagrams

Abinomn

Noun

to

  1. sago (tree)

Asturian

Etymology

From Latin tuus.

Adjective

to (epicene, plural tos)

  1. your

Babine-Witsuwit'en

Etymology

From Proto-Athabaskan *tuˑ.

Noun

to

  1. water

References

  • Sharon Hargus, Wisuwit’en Grammar: Phonetics, Phonology, Morphology (2007), page 43

Babuza

Noun

to

  1. water

References

  • Naoyoshi Ogawa, English-Favorlang vocabulary (2003)
  • S. Tsuchida, A Comparative Vocabulary of Austronesian Languages of Sinicized Ethnic Groups in Taiwan, Part I: Western Taiwan, Memoirs of the Faculty of Letters, No. 7 (1982)

Bahnar

Etymology

From Proto-Bahnaric *tɔʔ, from Proto-Mon-Khmer *tɔʔ. Cognates include Vietnamese đó, Khmer ដ៏ (dɑɑ).

Pronunciation

Pronoun

to

  1. that, there

Bambara

Noun

to

  1. stiff porridge

Catalan

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin tonus, from Ancient Greek τόνος (tónos).[1] First attested in 1575.

Pronunciation

Noun

to m (plural tons)

  1. (music) tone (specific pitch)
  2. (linguistics) tone (pitch of a word)
  3. tone or shade of a color

Derived terms

References

  1. ^ to”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2024

Further reading

Czech

Etymology

Inherited from Old Czech to.

Pronunciation

Pronoun

to n

  1. nominative/accusative/vocative neuter singular of ten: it, this, that

Further reading

  • to”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
  • to”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
  • to”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)

Dalmatian

Etymology

From Latin tuus. Compare Italian tuo, Romanian tău, Friulian to, French ton, Spanish tu.

Pronoun

to m (feminine toa)

  1. your; second-person masculine singular possessive pronoun

See also

Danish

Danish cardinal numbers
 <  1 2 3  > 
    Cardinal : to
    Ordinal : anden

Etymology 1

From Old Norse tveir, from Proto-Germanic *twai, from Proto-Indo-European *dwóh₁ (two).

The modern Danish form is a merger of the original East Old Norse accusative masculine twā and the nominative/accusative feminine twāʀ (West tvær). The neuter (West tvau) is preserved in the adverb itu.

Pronunciation

Numeral

to

  1. two

Etymology 2

From Old Norse þvá (wash), from Proto-Germanic *þwahaną.

Pronunciation

Verb

to (imperative to, infinitive at to, present tense tor, past tense toede, perfect tense har toet)

  1. (dated) wash

Esperanto

Pronunciation

Noun

to (accusative singular to-on, plural to-oj, accusative plural to-ojn)

  1. The name of the Latin-script letter T/t.

See also

Ewe

Noun

to

  1. antelope
  2. (anatomy) ear
  3. father-in-law
  4. mortar
  5. mountain

Verb

to

  1. to crush
  2. to pound

Finnish

Etymology

Abbreviation of torstai ("Thursday").

Pronunciation

Noun

to

  1. Thu (abbreviation of Thursday)

Friulian

Etymology

From Latin tuus.

Pronoun

to (second-person singular possessive of masculine singular, of feminine singular , of masculine plural tiei, of feminine plural tôs)

  1. (used attributively) your, thy; of yours, of thine
    che al sedi santifiât il to nom, che al vegni il to ream, — "Your kingdom come, your will be done," (third and fourth sentences of Lord's Prayer)
  2. (used predicatively) yours, thine
  3. (used substantively) yours, thine; the thing belonging to you/ thee

See also

Fula

Preposition

to

  1. in, at, to

References

Galician

Pronunciation

Interjection

to

  1. interjection used to call dogs or cattle
    • 1820, B. A. Fandiño, El Heráclito Español y Demócrito Gallego:
      Meu señor santo Tomé,
      tendes dous nomes nun só,
      sodes castrón polo mé,
      é sodes cán polo .
      My good sir Santo Tomé:
      You have two names in just one,
      You are a ram with the "mé"
      And a dog with the ""

References

Garifuna

Article

to

  1. feminine definite article
    Mutu toThe woman

Antonyms

Gonja

Noun

to

  1. language

References

  • Mary E. Kropp Dakubu, The Languages of Ghana

Gun

Etymology 1

Cognates include Fon , Saxwe Gbe otò, Adja eto

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

Noun

(plural tò lɛ́ or tò lẹ́)

  1. city, village, town, country
    Ùn ná yì ná cé / N ná yì ná ṣiéI will go to my country
Derived terms

Etymology 2

Cognates include Fon

Pronunciation

Particle

  1. A present progressive or habitual tense marker, only used before nouns.
    Synonyms: nɔ̀, nọ̀
    Nyɛ́ hàn jì / Yẹ́n hàn jìI am singing

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

Preposition

  1. in, at

Etymology 4

Cognates include Fon , Adja . Compare Yoruba , Ifè

Pronunciation

Verb

  1. to arrange, manage, organise

Etymology 5

Òtó ɖòkpó / Òtó dòpó

From Proto-Gbe *-tó. Cognates include Fon , Saxwe Gbe otó, Adja eto, Ewe eto

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

Noun

(plural tó lɛ́ or tó lẹ́)

  1. ear
Derived terms

Hupa

Etymology

From Proto-Athabaskan *tuˑ.

Pronunciation

Noun

to

  1. a body of water, such as a lake or ocean

References

  • The Phonology of the Hupa Language, part 1: The Individual Sounds, volume 5, by Roland Burrage Dixon, Samuel Alfred Barrett, Washington Matthews, Bill Ray (using the older orthography "tō")
  • Victor Golla, Hupa Language Dictionary Second Edition (1996), page 105 (to)

Ido

Pronoun

to

  1. Alternative form of ito (that)

Itene

Noun

to

  1. eye

References

  • Čestmír Loukotka, ‎Johannes Wilbert (editor), Classification of South American Indian Languages (1968, Los Angeles: Latin American Studies Center, University of California), page(s) 162

Japanese

Romanization

to

  1. The hiragana syllable (to) or the katakana syllable (to) in Hepburn romanization.

Kashubian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *to.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈtɔ/
  • Rhymes:
  • Syllabification: to

Pronoun

to

  1. relative and interrogative pronoun; this, that

Further reading

  • Eùgeniusz Gòłąbk (2011) “to”, in Słownik Polsko-Kaszubski / Słowôrz Pòlskò-Kaszëbsczi

Kituba

Conjunction

to

  1. or

Kongo

Conjunction

to

  1. or

Kwalhioqua-Tlatskanai

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Proto-Athabaskan *tuˑ.

Noun

to

  1. water

References

  • Franz Boas, Pline Early Goddard, Vocabulary of an Athapascan dialect of the State of Washington, IJAL volume III, pages 39-45 (1924-1925)

Lashi

Pronunciation

Verb

to

  1. to make something go up

References

  • Hkaw Luk (2017) A grammatical sketch of Lacid, Chiang Mai: Payap University (master thesis)

Latvian

Pronoun

to

  1. that; accusative singular masculine of tas
  2. with that; instrumental singular masculine of tas
  3. of that; genitive plural masculine of tas
  4. that; accusative singular feminine of tas
  5. with that; instrumental singular feminine of tas
  6. of that; genitive plural feminine of tas

Lithuanian

Pronoun

to

  1. that; genitive singular masculine of tas

Louisiana Creole

Etymology

Inherited from French tu (you, thou).

Pronunciation

Pronoun

to (second person informal singular, plural vouzòt, ouzòt, zòt, zo, objective twa, possessive determiner , possessive pronoun tokin, tochin)

  1. you (singular), thou
    To té paʼlé gra. / To te pale gra.
    You spoke with an accent. (literally: "You had spoken thick.")

Derived terms

  • (prevocalic) t'

Lower Sorbian

Pronunciation

Pronoun

to n

  1. this

Determiner

to

  1. nominative neuter singular of ten
  2. accusative neuter singular of ten

Mauritian Creole

Etymology

From French tu.

Pronoun

to (objective twa, formal ou)

  1. you (second-person singular nominative personal pronoun)

See also

Middle English

Etymology 1

From Old English , tāhe, from Proto-West Germanic *taihā, from Proto-Germanic *taihwǭ (toe).

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

Noun

to (plural tos or ton)

  1. (anatomy) toe
Descendants
  • English: toe
  • Scots: tae
  • Yola: toan (plural)
References

Etymology 2

From Old English , ta, te, from Proto-Germanic *tō, *ta.

Pronunciation

Particle

to

  1. to (infinitive marker)
Alternative forms
Descendants
References

Preposition

to

  1. to
Alternative forms
Descendants
References

Adverb

to

  1. to
Alternative forms
Descendants
References

Adverb

to

  1. too
Alternative forms
  • two; ta (northern West Midlands)
Descendants
References

Conjunction

to

  1. until
  2. while
  3. so that
References

Etymology 3

Shortening of tone.

Pronoun

to

  1. the one (of two)
Alternative forms

Mohawk

Particle

to

  1. Alternative form of tó:

Norwegian Bokmål

Norwegian Bokmål cardinal numbers
 <  1 2 3  > 
    Cardinal : to
    Ordinal : annen

Etymology

From Old Norse tvá, accusative case of tveir, from Proto-Germanic *twai, from Proto-Indo-European *dwóh₁.

Pronunciation

Numeral

to

  1. two

Derived terms

References

Norwegian Nynorsk

Norwegian Nynorsk cardinal numbers
 <  1 2 3  > 
    Cardinal : to
    Ordinal : andre

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

From Old Norse tvá, accusative case of tveir, from Proto-Germanic *twai, from Proto-Indo-European *dwóh₁.

Numeral

to

  1. two
Derived terms

Etymology 2

From Old Norse  n.

Noun

to n (definite singular toet, indefinite plural to, definite plural toa)

  1. fabric
  2. (figurative, by extension) ability, nature

Etymology 3

From Old Norse  f.

Noun

to f (definite singular toa, indefinite plural tør, definite plural tørne)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

Anagrams

Old Czech

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *to.

Pronoun

to

  1. nominative/accusative/vocative neuter singular of ten: it, this, that

Descendants

References

Old English

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *tō, from Proto-Germanic *tō, *ta (to), from Proto-Indo-European *de, *do (to). Cognate with Old Saxon (to), Old High German zuo (to), Old Irish do.

Pronunciation

Preposition

  1. to, into
    • 10th century, Exeter Book Riddle 30:
      Þonne iċ mec onhebbe ond hī onhnīgaþ mē, moniġe mid miltse, þǣr iċ monnum sceal īċan upcyme ēadiġnesse.
      When I raise myself up and they bow down to me, many with mercy, then I shall increase rising of happiness for men.
  2. towards
    • late 10th century, Ælfric, "Chair of Saint Peter"
      ...ðā beseah hē Petre sumere ælmessan wilniġende...
      Then looked he towards Peter, desiring an alms,...
  3. at
  4. (grammar) used to mark the infinitive (supine) of the verb
    drīfenneto drive
  5. as (In the role of)
    iċ wyrċe īsensmiðeI work as an ironsmith
    þā nam iċ hīe wīfethen I took her as a wife
    tō bōteto boot (literally: as an improvement, thus in addition)

Adverb

  1. besides
  2. in addition, also, too; moreover
  3. to an excessive degree; too
    • 10th century, The Wanderer:
      Ne sċeal nō hātheort, · ne hrædwyrde,
      ne wāc wiga, · ne wanhȳdiġ,
      ne forht, ne fæġen, · ne feohġīfre,
      ne nǣfre ġielpes ġeorn, · ǣr hē ġeare cunne.
      Should not be too wrathful, nor too hasty in words,
      nor too weak warrior, nor too careless,
      nor too fearful, nor too joyful, nor too eager for money,
      nor ever too eager of pride, before he would know enough.

Descendants

Old High German

Preposition

to

  1. Alternative form of zuo

Old Polish

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *to. First attested in the 14th century.

Pronunciation

Particle

to

  1. intensifying particle

Pronoun

to

  1. relative and interrogative pronoun; this, that
  2. possessive pronoun
  3. indeterminate pronoun; this, that
  4. introduction pronoun; this

Conjunction

to

  1. then (in that case, used in if constructions)
  2. clarifies a statement; namely
  3. resultative conjunction; so
  4. secondary clause equivalent in superordinate clauses

Descendants

  • Polish: to
  • Silesian: to

References

  • B. Sieradzka-Baziur, Ewa Deptuchowa, Joanna Duska, Mariusz Frodyma, Beata Hejmo, Dorota Janeczko, Katarzyna Jasińska, Krystyna Kajtoch, Joanna Kozioł, Marian Kucała, Dorota Mika, Gabriela Niemiec, Urszula Poprawska, Elżbieta Supranowicz, Ludwika Szelachowska-Winiarzowa, Zofia Wanicowa, Piotr Szpor, Bartłomiej Borek, editors (2011–2015), “to”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN

Old Saxon

Alternative forms

Etymology

Proto-Germanic *tō, whence also Old English ti and Old High German zuo

Preposition

  1. to

Descendants

Plautdietsch

Preposition

to

  1. to

Polish

Etymology

Inherited from Old Polish to. Cognate with Czech to, Russian то (to), Ancient Greek τό (), German das, dass, English that.

Pronunciation

Conjunction

to

  1. used to attribute to the known object a characteristic that helps one know more about the topic; may optionally be followed by jest
    Janek to mój brat.Janek is my brother.
    Górnicy to jest takie specyficzne społeczeństwo.Miners are such a peculiar society.
  2. used to juxtapose elements that are equivalent
    Chcieć to móc.Where there's a will there's a way. (literally, “To want is to be able to.”)
    Ciekawość to pierwszy stopień do piekła.Curiosity killed the cat. (literally, “Curiosity is the first step to hell.”)
  3. used to indicate that the subject of the conversation has peculiarities which are familiar to the interlocutors, so that nothing else needs to be said about it in order to understand the topic
    Nasze straty są minimalne, ale bez śmierci się nie obejdzie. Wojna to wojna.Our losses are minimal but some casualties are inevitable. War is war.
    No, ale rozkaz to rozkaz. Nie mnie podważać.Well, but an order is an order. Not for me to question.
  4. in that case, then (used in if-constructions)
    Coordinate term: jeśli
    „Wiem, co chcę zrobić.” „To to zrób”.“I know what I want to do.” “Then do it.”
    Jeśli to zrobisz, to daj mi znać.If you do this, then let me know.
    „Jeżeli zbuduję sobie kiedyś własny dom, to właśnie taki” – myślałam.“If I ever build my own house one day, this is the one,” I thought.

Derived terms

conjunction

Particle

to

  1. used to indicate what one is talking about
    Parę razy mi się udało. Z jedną to nawet bardzo.I have succeeded a couple of times. With one it was even very successful.
  2. used to indicate what can be said about the topic, in contrast to all that cannot be said about it
    W tych ścianach to ona była królową i musiała mieć królewskie wejście.Within these walls, it was her who was the queen and had to have a royal entrance.
  3. so (used after a pause for thought to introduce a new topic, question, or story, or a new thought or question in continuation of an existing topic)
    Synonym: a
    No to kiedy zaczynamy?So when are we starting?
    OK, to do zobaczenia.OK, see you then.
  4. used to indicate that the topic in the relevant question refers to a known set of elements from which a choice has to be made
    Synonym: też
    Od kiedy to morderstwo jest takim ewenementem?Since when is murder such a rarity?
    Komu to przypadło dzisiaj kucharzowanie?Who is cooking today?
  5. used to express surprise that something is indeed like that as the speaker did not think it could really be so
    Synonyms: ale, co za, jaki
    A to zdolniacha z wuja!Uncle really is gifted!
    No, tośmy wczoraj mieli niezły bal!Well, we had quite a party yesterday!
  6. (literary) used to indicate that the topic refers to a known object, mentioned in the preceding statement
    O Czechosłowacji po roku 1968 dochodziły do nas ponure wiadomości, dlatego to starałem się przejechać ten kraj jak najszybciej mimo zmęczenia.There was grim news about Czechoslovakia after 1968, which is why I tried to cross the country as quickly as possible despite my fatigue.
  7. (colloquial) used to indicate that what someone has said about the topic is a fait accompli and should no longer be discussed
    Spróbuj zaakceptować jego wady. Nikt nie jest kryształowy. Pali to pali, widziały gały co brały.Try to accept his flaws. No one is perfect. OK, he smokes, so what? Big deal, you should've thought about it earlier.

Pronoun

to n

  1. this (nearby, neuter)
    Antonym: tamto
    Inna rzecz, że nikt nie zwracał na niego szczególnej uwagi; to go dziwiło.The other thing was that no one paid any particular attention to him; this surprised him.
  2. used to point to the object to which the sentence refers
    Synonym: oto
    Ewa, to Andrzej.Ewa, this is Andrzej.

Declension

Trivia

According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), to is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 655 times in scientific texts, 307 times in news, 880 times in essays, 1038 times in fiction, and 2233 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 5113 times, making it the 11th most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.[1]

References

  1. ^ Ida Kurcz (1990) “to”, in Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej [Frequency dictionary of the Polish language] (in Polish), volume 605, Kraków, Warszawa: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Języka Polskiego, page 2

Further reading

  • to in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
  • to in Polish dictionaries at PWN
  • TO I”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century], 09.07.2008
  • TO II”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century], 09.07.2008
  • Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814) “to”, in Słownik języka polskiego
  • Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861) “to”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861
  • J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1919), “to”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 7, Warsaw, page 72

Portuguese

Pronunciation

  • Hyphenation: to

Contraction

to (feminine ta)

  1. Contraction of te o.

Selepet

Noun

to

  1. water

References

  • K. A. McElhanon, Selepet grammar (1972)
  • William A. Foley, The Papuan Languages of New Guinea (1986, →ISBN, page 257

Serbo-Croatian

Pronunciation

Pronoun

(Cyrillic spelling то̑)

  1. neuter nominative singular of taj
  2. neuter accusative singular of taj

Silesian

Etymology

Inherited from Old Polish to.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈtɔ/
  • Rhymes:
  • Syllabification: to

Pronoun

to n

  1. this (nearby, neuter)
  2. used to point to the object to which the sentence refers

Particle

to

  1. intensifier particle in questions

Conjunction

to

  1. in that case, then (used in if-constructions)

Further reading

  • to in silling.org

Slovak

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *to.

Pronoun

to

  1. nominative/accusative neuter singular of ten: it, this, that

Slovene

Pronunciation

Pronoun

tọ̑

  1. inflection of ta:
    1. accusative singular feminine
    2. nominative/accusative singular neuter

Tocharian B

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *dʰowh₂ōn, from the root *dʰewh₂-.

Noun

to m

  1. (detatchable) body hair on the human body (especially pubic hair)

Tooro

Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-tòó.

Pronunciation

Adjective

-to (declinable)

  1. young
    Synonym: -hyaka (new)
    Antonym: -kuru (old, senior)

Declension

References

  1. Entry 7185 at Bantu Lexical Reconstructions 3
  2. Kaji, Shigeki (2007) A Rutooro Vocabulary, Tokyo: Research Institute for Languages and Cultures of Asia and Africa (ILCAA), →ISBN, page 373

Tututni

Etymology

From Proto-Athabaskan *tuˑ.

Noun

to

  1. (Euchre Creek) water

References

  • Victor Golla, Tututni (Oregon Athapaskan), International Journal of American Linguistics, volume 42:3 (July 1976), pages 217-227

Uzbek

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic طَاء (ṭāʔ).

Noun

to (plural tolar)

  1. the Arabic letter ط

Declension

* Note: The type of possessive is not specified.

Vietnamese

Etymology

Compare Thai โต (dtoo), Lao ໂຕ (), ᦷᦎ (ṫo).

Pronunciation

Adjective

to (, 𡚢, 𫰅, 𡚡)

  1. big, large
    Antonyms: nhỏ,
  2. great, considerable
  3. loud

Usage notes

  • In many situations, this word and lớn are interchangeable:
    nhà to mà chẳng ai ởa big house where no one lives in
    căn nhà lớn trên đỉnh đồia big house on top of the hill
  • However, for body parts, it seems like only to is used:
    tai tobig ears

See also

Derived terms

Votic

Etymology

Borrowed from Russian то (to).

Pronunciation

Conjunction

to

  1. (if ...) then
  2. or else

References

  • Hallap, V., Adler, E., Grünberg, S., Leppik, M. (2012) “to”, in Vadja keele sõnaraamat [A dictionary of the Votic language], 2nd edition, Tallinn

Welsh

Etymology

From Proto-Brythonic *toɣ (covering).

Pronunciation

Noun

to m (plural toeau or toeon)

  1. roof
    Synonym: pen tŷ

Derived terms

Mutation

Welsh mutation
radical soft nasal aspirate
to do nho tho
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Yola

Preposition

to

  1. Alternative form of ta
    • 1867, GLOSSARY OF THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY:
      Coome to thee met.
      Come to thy meat.
    • 1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 14, page 90:
      Shoo ya aam zim to doone, as w' be doone nowe;
      She gave them some to do, as we are doing now;
    • 1867, “THE WEDDEEN O BALLYMORE”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 93:
      A near a haapney to paay a peepeare.
      Had ne'er a halfpenny to pay the piper.
    • 1867, “THE WEDDEEN O BALLYMORE”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 2, page 94:
      Wee aar lhaung vlealès an pikkès, to waaite apan a breede.
      With their long flails and picks, to wait upon the bride.
    • 1867, “THE WEDDEEN O BALLYMORE”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 2, page 94:
      Hea marreet dear Phielim to his sweet Jauane.
      He married dear Phelim to his sweet Joan.

References

  • Jacob Poole (d. 1827) (before 1828) William Barnes, editor, A Glossary, With some Pieces of Verse, of the old Dialect of the English Colony in the Baronies of Forth and Bargy, County of Wexford, Ireland, London: J. Russell Smith, published 1867, page 31

Yoruba

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

Verb

  1. (transitive) to arrange, to line up
  2. (transitive) to order, to put things in order
  3. (intransitive) to become ordered, to become arranged
Usage notes
  • to before a direct object
Derived terms

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

Verb

  1. (Ekiti, Ondo) to talk incessantly; to gossip
    Synonym:
    Ẹjọ́ kúwe é What are you gossiping about? (literally, “What matter are you talking incessantly about”)
Usage notes
  • to before a direct object
Derived terms

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

Verb

  1. (intransitive) to be enough, to be worthy, to be sufficient, to amount to
  2. (intransitive) to be comparable to
    gíga a rẹ̀ẹ́ tó erinHis tallness is comparable to an elephant
Usage notes
  • It is a common verb in Yoruba names affirming the worthiness of entities like the orisha. (Ex. Ògúntósìn (A Yoruba name meaning, "Ogun is worthy of being worshipped.")).
Derived terms

Etymology 4

Pronunciation

Verb

  1. to reach up to
    ọwọ́ mi kò oMy hand does not reach it
  2. to be visible, to be comprehensible

Zazaki

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *túH, from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂. Related to Persian تو (to).

Pronoun

to

  1. (informal) you (sg., acc.)